System, method, and computer program product for indicating hostile fire

• US 9,830,695 B2
• Filed: 05/17/2016
• Issued: 11/28/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Moraites, Stephen C., McPhail, Shawn, Sobiski, Donald
• Primary Examiner(s): Gaworecki, Mark R
• Application Number:
  US15/157,174
• Publication Number:
  US 20160321798A1
• Time in Patent Office: 560 Days
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 13/00 Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for details of radar or sonar systems G01S7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2005/0077 Imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 5/0022 for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 5/10 by measuring thermal variables
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10016 Video; Image sequence
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10048 Infrared image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30212 Military
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30241 Trajectory
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30244 Camera pose
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0004 Industrial image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/20 Analysis of motion motion estimation for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals H04N19/43, H04N19/51
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/60 Analysis of geometric attributes
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/70 Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras camera calibration G06T7/80
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 17/002 for television cameras
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/33 Transforming infrared radiation cameras or camera modules for generating image signals from infrared radiation H04N23/20; circuitry of SSIS for transforming infrared radiation into image signals H04N25/20

Abstract

Systems, methods, and computer program products for identifying hostile fire. A characteristic of a fired projectile is detected using an optical system and the projectile'"'"'s travel path in relation to a vehicle is determined. If the determined travel path of the projectile is within a predetermined distance from the vehicle, it is determined that the projectile is hostile towards the vehicle and a warning is output.

Claims

1. A system that is operative during the day and at night to determine whether a position is an intended target of a fired unguided energetic projectile, the system comprising:

an infrared (IR) camera having a field of view (FOV) and a predetermined sensitivity sufficient to capture a heat signature of the fired unguided energetic projectile, pixels of said IR camera being operative to capture a portion of a trail of energy associated with the heat signature of the fired projectile; and

an image processor operative to receive signals from said IR camera corresponding to the captured portion of the trail of energy, said image processor being operative to process the signals from said IR camera and to make a determination as to whether the position was the intended target of the fired projectile by analyzing a calculated miss distance of the fired projectile.

2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising:

an alert system operatively coupled to said image processor to generate timely audible and visible indications that the position is the intended target of the fired projectile based on the determination by said image processor that the position was the intended target of the fired projectile.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said IR camera is calibrated so as to set one or more miss distance thresholds indicative of hostile fire based on known velocities or velocity ranges of select known-to-be hostile projectiles and corresponding distance ranges of said projectiles.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the position is one of a helicopter, a ship, aircraft, a ground vehicle, a building, and a person.

5. The system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a countermeasure system mountable at the position that is operative to deploy one of a non-lethal weapon, a soft-kill, and a hard-kill weapon in response to the determination that the position was the intended target of the fired projectile, the weapon being deployed to a determined location or location area associated with the fired projectile,

wherein the determined location or location area is determined based on the signals from said IR camera corresponding to the captured portion of the trail of energy.

6. The system according to claim 5,

wherein the determined location or location area is determined based on the signals from said IR camera corresponding to the captured portion of the trail of energy and also based on signals from an other IR camera of the system, said other IR camera having a field of view (FOV) and a predetermined sensitivity sufficient to capture a heat signature of the fire unguided energetic projectile from the perspective of said other IR camera, the heat signature from the perspective of said other IR camera including at least one of a firing component generated upon firing of the projectile and a friction component generated by friction as the projectile travels through the troposphere, pixels of said other IR camera being operative to capture a portion of a trail of energy associated with the heat signature of the fired projectile from the perspective of said other IR camera, and

wherein the determined location or location area is an origination location or location area of the unguided energetic projectile and said image processor is configured and operative to process signals from said IR camera and signals from said other IR camera to determine a distance to the origination location or location area of the unguided energetic projectile.

7. The system according to claim 1, further comprising:

said IR camera and at least one more of said IR cameras, each of said IR cameras having a FOV, the FOVs combining to form a total FOV for the system.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the system is configured and operative to determine whether the projectile will hit, will likely hit, did hit, and/or did likely hit the position.

9. The system according to claim 1,

wherein the system is configured to represent the captured portion of the trail of energy as a two-dimensional representation over time, and

wherein the functions of time and projectile velocity include a rate of change of the projectile trace and the rate of rate of change of the projectile trace.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein the miss distances are calculated based further on electronically stored data for one or more projectile types.

11. The system according to claim 10, wherein the electronically stored projectile type data includes, for each type of projectile, projectile velocity data and projectile distance data.

12. A method for indicating hostile fire, comprising:

electronically detecting infrared radiation of a projectile in a field of view (FOV);

electronically calculating a miss distance of the projectile based on electronically stored data for one or more projectile types, the electronically stored projectile type data including, for each type of projectile, projectile velocity data and projectile distance data; and

based on said electronically calculating, electronically outputting an indication.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the output indication is an indication that the projectile is hostile.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the output indication is an indication of an origination point or area of the projectile.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the output indication is an indication of a portion of a determined travel path of the projectile.

16. The method according to claim 12,

wherein the electronically stored projectile velocity data includes constant or relatively constant velocity assumptions regarding projectile types and their corresponding calibers,

wherein the electronically stored projectile distance data includes lethal or threatening ranges of projectiles, and

wherein the electronically stored projectile data is stored in at least one of caliber-dependent bins and range-dependent bins.

17. The method according to claim 12, wherein electronically calculating a miss distance of the projectile includes calculating the miss distance and at least one other miss distance of the same projectile.

18. The method according to claim 12, wherein the miss distance is calculated based on a product of a first derivative of a detected projectile trace and a second derivative of the detected projectile trace.

19. The method according to claim 12, wherein, in addition to being based on said electronically calculating, said electronically outputting the indication that the projectile is hostile is based on a determination that the projectile is not in its damaging or lethal trajectory stage.

20. A method for processing a projectile heat signature, the method comprising:

analyzing received electronic data regarding a sensed heat signature of an unguided projectile; and

determining a miss distance of the unguided projectile based on the analyzed received electronic data, the miss distance being at least one of a vertical miss distance and a horizontal miss distance.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the received electronic data is from an IR camera that captures the sensed heat signature of the unguided projectile, the miss distance being calculated based on a product of the rate of projectile velocity change and the rate of rate of change.

22. The method according to claim 20, further comprising:

responsive to the determined miss distance of the unguided projectile, identifying whether or not the unguided projectile is hostile or friendly; and

in the case of a hostile identification, outputting an indication that the unguided projectile is hostile.

23. The method according to claim 20,

wherein the heat signature is sensed by electronically detecting infrared radiation of the projectile in a field of view (FOV);

and

wherein the determining the miss distance is further based on electronically stored data for one or more projectile types.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the electronically stored projectile type data includes, for each type of projectile, projectile velocity data and projectile distance data.