Millimeter-wave communications on a multifunction platform

• US 9,831,558 B1
• Filed: 03/22/2017
• Issued: 11/28/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/2016
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Gu, Xiaoxiong, Liu, Duixian, Sadhu, Bodhisatwa, Valdes Garcia, Alberto
• Primary Examiner(s): TALUKDER, MD K
• Application Number:
  US15/465,663
• Publication Number:
  US 20170338564A1
• Time in Patent Office: 251 Days
• Field of Search: 4552771, 4552791
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/06 Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/061 Two dimensional planar arrays
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 25/00 Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern H01Q3/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/40 Circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/28 using beam steering

Abstract

A millimeter-wave (MMW) communication system may include an antenna array structure operating within a MMW band, having both a first antenna coupling point and a second antenna coupling point, whereby the first and the second location of the antenna coupling points are within a coplanar surface on which the antenna array structure is formed. The system may further include a single MMW transmitter device having a power splitter that splits a data modulated MMW signal into a first MMW data modulated signal and a second MMW data modulated signal identical to the first MMW data modulated signal, such that the first data modulated MMW signal is coupled to the first antenna coupling point for radio propagation at a first direction, and the second data modulated MMW signal is coupled to the second antenna coupling point for radio propagation at a second direction.

Claims

1. A millimeter-wave (MMW) communication system, comprising:

an antenna array structure operating within a MMW band, the antenna array structure having both a first antenna coupling point at a first location of the antenna array structure and a second antenna coupling point at a second location of the antenna array structure, the first and the second location of the antenna coupling points being within a coplanar surface on which the antenna array structure is formed; and

a single MMW transmitter device having a power splitter that splits a data modulated MMW signal into a first MMW data modulated signal and a second MMW data modulated signal identical to the first MMW data modulated signal, the first data modulated MMW signal coupled to the first antenna coupling point and the second data modulated MMW signal coupled to the second antenna coupling point,

wherein coupling the first data modulated MMW signal to the first antenna coupling point generates a first MMW radio signal transmitted at a first propagation direction by the antenna array structure,

wherein coupling the second data modulated MMW signal to the second antenna coupling point generates a second MMW radio signal transmitted at a second propagation direction different to the first propagation direction by the antenna array structure, and

wherein the antenna array structure includes radiator elements, the first antenna coupling point, and the second antenna coupling point that are all located directly on an outer surface area, the radiator elements, the first antenna coupling point, and the second antenna coupling point simultaneously transmitting de identical first and second MMW radio signals at the first and the second propagation direction based on the first coupling point being spatially separated from the second coupling point by different elements of the radiator elements.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first propagation direction and the second propagation direction are located within a plane that is perpendicular to the coplanar surface, the first propagation direction having a first altitude angle and the second propagation direction having a second altitude angle, the second altitude angle including an angle value that is different than the first altitude angle.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the single transmitter device further comprises:

a baseband signal generator;

a MMW signal generator;

a frequency mixer having a first mixer input, a second mixer input, and a mixer output, wherein the first mixer input is coupled to the baseband signal generator, the second mixer input is coupled to the MMW signal generator, and the mixer output is coupled to an input of the power splitter;

a first power amplifier having a first amplifier input and a first amplifier output, the first amplifier input coupled to a first output of the power splitter and the first amplifier output coupled to the first antenna coupling point; and

a second power amplifier having a second amplifier input and a second amplifier output, the second amplifier input coupled to a second output of the power splitter and the second amplifier output coupled to the second antenna coupling point.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the antenna array structure comprises a grid antenna having a plurality of loops, the grid antenna configured to operate within a millimeter-wave band of 57-66 GHz.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the antenna array structure comprises a series fed patch antenna configured to operate within a millimeter-wave band of 57-66 GHz.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the antenna array structure comprises a coupled patch antenna configured to operate within a millimeter-wave band of 57-66 GHz.

7. The system of claim 3, further comprising:

a first switch located between the first amplifier and the first antenna coupling point;

a second switch located between the second amplifier and the second antenna coupling point; and

a switch control unit including a first mode of operation and a second mode of operation, wherein during the first mode of operation only one of the first switch and the second switch is actuated to a closed position, and wherein during the second mode of operation both the first switch and the second switch are actuated to a closed position.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the outer surface area comprises an outer surface of a table.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the outer surface area comprises an outer surface of a portable electronic device.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a first switch that receives the first MMW data modulated signal;

a first antenna feed line having a first end that is coupled to the first switch, wherein the first switch switches the first MMW data modulated signal to the first end of the first antenna feed line; and

a first antenna probe coupled to a second end of the first antenna feed line, the first antenna probe coupling the first MMW data modulated signal received from the second end of the first antenna feedline to the first antenna coupling point,

wherein the first antenna feed line includes a length of nλ

₁/2 from the first end of the first antenna feed line to the second end of the first antenna feed line, λ

₁ an effective carrier frequency wavelength corresponding to the first MMW data modulated signal and n being an integer value.

11. The system of claim 10, further comprising:

a second switch that receives the second MMW data modulated signal;

a second antenna feed line having a first end that is coupled to the second switch, wherein the second switch switches the second MMW data modulated signal to the first end of the second antenna feed line; and

a second antenna probe coupled to a second end of the second antenna feed line, the second antenna probe coupling the second MMW data modulated signal received from the second end of the second antenna feedline to the second antenna coupling point,

wherein the second antenna feed line includes a length comprising mλ

₂/2 from the first end of the second antenna feed line to the second end the second antenna feed line, λ

₂ being an effective carrier frequency wavelength corresponding to the second MMW data modulated signal and m being an integer value.

12. A millimeter-wave (MMW) communication system, comprising:

an antenna array structure operating within a MMW band, the antenna array structure having both a first antenna coupling point at a first location of the antenna array structure and a second antenna coupling point at a second location of the antenna array structure, the first and the second location of the antenna coupling points being within a coplanar surface on which the antenna array structure is formed; and

a single MMW receiver device having a power combiner that receives one of a first MMW radio signal and a second MMW radio signal, the first MMW radio signal received from the first antenna coupling point and the second MMW radio signal received from the second antenna coupling point,

wherein the first received MMW radio signal at the first antenna coupling point is received by the antenna array structure from a first propagation direction,

wherein the second received MMW radio signal at the second antenna coupling point is received by the antenna array structure from a second propagation direction that is different from the first propagation direction, and

wherein the antenna array structure includes radiator elements, the first antenna coupling point, and the second antenna coupling point that are all located directly on an outer surface area, the radiator elements, the first antenna coupling point, and the second antenna coupling point simultaneously transmitting the identical first and second MMW radio signals at the first and the second propagation direction based on the first coupling point being spatially separated from the second coupling point by different elements of the radiator elements.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the first propagation direction and the second propagation direction are located within a plane that is perpendicular to the coplanar surface, the first propagation direction having a first altitude angle and the second propagation direction having a second altitude angle, the second altitude angle including an angle value that is different than the first altitude angle.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the single receiver device further comprises:

a baseband receiver;

a MMW signal generator;

a frequency mixer having a first mixer input, a second mixer input, and a mixer output, wherein the first mixer input is coupled to an output of the power combiner, the second mixer input is coupled to the MMW signal generator, and the mixer output is coupled to the baseband receiver;

a first amplifier having a first amplifier input and a first amplifier output, the first amplifier input coupled to the first antenna coupling point and the first amplifier output coupled to a first input of the power combiner; and

a second amplifier having a second amplifier input and a second amplifier output, the second amplifier input coupled to the second antenna coupling point and the second amplifier output coupled to a second input of the power combiner.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the antenna array structure is selected from a group consisting of:

a grid antenna configured to operate within a millimeter-wave band of 57-66 GHz, a series fed patch antenna configured to operate within a millimeter-wave band of 57-66 GHz, and a coupled patch antenna configured to operate within a millimeter-wave band of 57-66 GHz.

16. A method of millimeter-wave (MMW) communications comprising:

generating a data modulated MMW signal;

splitting the data modulated MMW signal into a first data modulated MMW signal and a second data modulated MMW signal identical to the first data modulated MMW signal;

coupling, via a first switch, the first data modulated MMW signal to a first antenna coupling point of an antenna array structure operating within a MMW band; and

coupling, via a second switch, the second data modulated MMW signal to a second antenna coupling point of the antenna array structure, wherein the first and the second location of the antenna coupling points are within a coplanar surface over which the antenna array structure is formed,

wherein the first antenna coupling point and the second antenna coupling point are all located directly on an outer surface area, the first antenna coupling point, and the second antenna coupling point simultaneously transmit the identical first and second MMW radio signals at a first and a second propagation direction based on the first coupling point being spatially separated from the second coupling point.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

generating, responsive to actuating the first switch while the second switch remains unactuated, a first MMW radio signal corresponding to the first data modulated MMW signal, the first MMW radio signal transmitted at a first propagation direction by the antenna array structure.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

generating, responsive to actuating the second switch while the first switch remains unactuated, a second MMW radio signal corresponding to the second data modulated MMW signal, the second MMW radio signal transmitted at a second propagation direction by the antenna array structure,

wherein the first propagation direction and the second propagation direction are located within a plane that is perpendicular to the coplanar surface, the first propagation direction having a first altitude angle and the second propagation direction having a second altitude angle, the second altitude angle including an angle value that is different than the first altitude angle.

19. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

generating, responsive to actuating the first switch, a first MMW radio signal corresponding to the first data modulated MMW signal, the first MMW radio signal transmitted at a first propagation direction by the antenna array structure;

generating, responsive to actuating the second switch, a second MMW radio signal corresponding to the second data modulated MMW signal, the second MMW radio signal transmitted at a second propagation direction by the antenna array structure,

wherein the first propagation direction and the second propagation direction are located within a plane that is perpendicular to the coplanar surface, the first propagation direction having a first altitude angle and the second propagation direction having a second altitude angle, the second altitude angle including an angle value that is different than the first altitude angle.