Solid state lighting apparatus and circuits including LED segments configured for targeted spectral power distribution and methods of operating the same

• US 9,839,083 B2
• Filed: 05/19/2014
• Issued: 12/05/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 06/03/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: IDEAL Industries Lighting, LLC (Ideal Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: CREE Incorporated (Wolfspeed, Inc.)
• Inventors: van de Ven, Antony P., Reynolds, Matthew C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Owens, Douglas W
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chan, Wei
• Application Number:
  US14/281,131
• Publication Number:
  US 20140252967A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,296 Days
• Field of Search: 313 1, 362231, 36224906, 257 98, 315122, 315185 R, 315294
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/20 Controlling the colour of the light
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/48 having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices

Abstract

A dimmable solid state lighting apparatus can include a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) segments including a first LED segment that can have a targeted spectral power distribution for light emitted from the apparatus that is different than spectral power distributions for other LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments. An LED segment selection circuit can be configured to selectively control current through the plurality of LED segments to shift the light emitted by the apparatus to the targeted spectral power distribution responsive to dimming input.

Claims

1. A dimmable solid state lighting apparatus comprising:

a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) segments including a first LED segment having a targeted minimum Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) value that is less than or equal to respective CCT values of all other LED segments in the plurality of LED segments, and wherein the first LED segment comprises a first forward bias voltage that is less than or equal to forward bias voltages of all other LED segments in the plurality of LED segments;

an LED segment selection circuit configured to selectively control current through the plurality of LED segments to provide an increasing portion of instantaneous power to the first LED segment relative to all the other LED segments while decreasing instantaneous power that is provided to ones of the other LED segments, to shift the light emitted by the apparatus towards the targeted minimum CCT value emitted by the first LED segment while simultaneously decreasing a brightness of light emitted by the apparatus responsive to increased dimming input indicating an increased dimming level of the apparatus so as to shift the light emitted by the apparatus from including the respective CCT values of all of the plurality of LED segments at a reduced level of dimming input to including primarily the targeted minimum CCT value of the first LED segment of the plurality of LED segments at an increased level of dimming input;

a rectified AC voltage signal input to the dimmable solid state lighting apparatus configured to receive a rectified AC voltage signal; and

a voltage controlled current source that is coupled to the rectified AC voltage signal input and to the plurality of LED segments that regulates the current provided to the plurality of LED segments in response to a magnitude of the rectified AC voltage signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the plurality of LED segments are coupled to the LED segment selection circuit as separately controllable banks of LEDs.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of the respective CCT values of the LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments is located substantially on a Planckian locus.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to selectively control currents through the plurality of LED segments so that the light emitted by the apparatus substantially shifts to the targeted minimum CCT value while conforming to the Planckian locus responsive to the increased dimming input.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the plurality of LED segments are coupled in series to provide an LED string, wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to selectively switch a string current through combinations of the LED segments using a phase of a rectified ac input signal or a level of the rectified ac input signal.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein a full CCT value for light output from the apparatus is defined as all LED segments on.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to change the light output from the apparatus from the full CCT value to the targeted minimum CCT value responsive to the increased dimming input.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the LED segment selection circuit increasingly switches the LED string current through the first LED segment to provide the increasing portion of the instantaneous power from the rectified ac input signal over a cycle to the first LED segment responsive to the increased dimming input.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reduced level of dimming input is a minimum dimming input for the apparatus, and

wherein the increased level of dimming input is a maximum dimming input for the apparatus.

10. A dimmable solid state lighting apparatus comprising:

a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) segments including a first LED segment having a targeted minimum CCT value for light emitted from the apparatus, the targeted minimum CCT value being less than or equal to respective CCT values for all other LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments;

an LED segment selection circuit configured to selectively control current through the plurality of LED segments to shift the light emitted from the apparatus towards the targeted minimum CCT value of the first LED segment while simultaneously decreasing an intensity of light emitted by the apparatus responsive to increased dimming input indicating an increased dimming level of the apparatus;

a rectified AC voltage signal input to the dimmable solid state lighting apparatus configured to receive a rectified AC voltage signal; and

a voltage controlled current source that is coupled to the rectified AC voltage signal input and to the plurality of LED segments that regulates the current provided to the plurality of LED segments in response to a magnitude of the rectified AC voltage signal.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the plurality of LED segments are coupled to the LED segment selection circuit as separately controllable banks of LEDs.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein each of the respective CCT values of the LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments is located substantially on a Planckian locus.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to selectively control currents through the plurality of LED segments so that the light emitted from the apparatus substantially shifts to the targeted minimum CCT value while conforming to the Planckian locus responsive to the increased dimming input.

14. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the plurality of LED segments are coupled in series to provide an LED string, wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to selectively switch a string current through the LED segments to provide a full on CCT value for the light emitted from the apparatus and configured to increasingly switch the string current through the first LED segment to provide an increasing portion of power from a rectified ac input signal to the first LED segment to provide the targeted minimum CCT value for light emitted from the apparatus responsive to the increased dimming input.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to selectively switch the string current through combinations of the LED segments using a phase of the rectified ac input signal or a level of the rectified ac input signal.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the full on CCT value for the light output from the apparatus is defined based on a combination of average on times for each of the LED segments.

17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein shifting the light emitted from the apparatus towards the targeted minimum CCT value comprises selectively controlling current through the plurality of LED segments to provide current to the first LED segment having the targeted minimum CCT value for the light emitted from the apparatus and not provide current to the other LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments.

18. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein shifting the light emitted from the apparatus towards the targeted minimum CCT value comprises selectively controlling current through the plurality of LED segments to shift the light emitted from the apparatus to the targeted minimum CCT value provided by the first LED segment.

19. A solid state lighting circuit comprising:

a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) segments including a first LED segment having a minimum Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) value among respective CCT values for the plurality of LED segments; and

an LED segment selection circuit configured to selectively control current through the plurality of LED segments to shift the light emitted from the solid state lighting circuit towards the minimum CCT value while simultaneously decreasing an intensity of light emitted from the solid state lighting circuit responsive to a dimming input, the solid state lighting circuit further comprising;

a plurality of capacitors, each being electrically connected in parallel with a respective one of the LED segments;

a plurality of blocking diodes, each being electrically connected in series between the LED segments;

a rectified AC voltage signal input to the solid state lighting circuit configured to receive a rectified AC voltage signal; and

a voltage controlled current source that is coupled to the rectified AC voltage signal input and to the plurality of LED segments that regulates the current provided to the plurality of LED segments in response to a magnitude of the rectified AC voltage signal applied to the solid state lighting circuit.

20. The circuit of claim 19 wherein the plurality of LED segments are coupled to the LED segment selection circuit as separately controllable banks of LEDs.

21. The circuit of claim 19 wherein each of the respective CCT values of the LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments is located substantially on a Planckian locus.

22. The circuit of claim 21 wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to selectively control currents through the plurality of LED segments so that the light emitted from the circuit substantially shifts to the minimum CCT value while conforming to the Planckian locus responsive to the dimming input.

23. The circuit of claim 19 wherein the plurality of LED segments are coupled in series to provide an LED string, wherein the plurality of LED segments comprise separately biased LED segments including the first LED segment comprising a first forward bias voltage that is less than second and third forward bias voltages of second and third LED segments.

24. The circuit of claim 23 wherein a second CCT value of the second LED segment is greater than the minimum CCT value and a third CCT value of the third LED segment is greater than the second CCT value.

25. The circuit of claim 24 wherein the first LED segment includes at least one LED including phosphor configured to emit light having the minimum CCT value, wherein the second LED segment includes at least one LED including phosphor configured to emit light having the second CCT value, and wherein the third LED segment includes at least one LED including phosphor configured to emit light having the third CCT value.

26. The circuit of claim 23 wherein the minimum CCT value of the first LED segment comprises about ccxy (0.55, 0.41), a CCT value of the second LED segment comprises about ccxy (0.49, 0.42), and a CCT value of the third LED segment comprises about ccxy (0.43, 0.41).

27. The circuit of claim 23 wherein the minimum CCT value of the first LED segment comprises a predetermined dimmest light level provided by the plurality of LED segments;

wherein the third LED segment comprises a third CCT value that is less than a predetermined greatest light level provided by the plurality of LED segments; and

wherein the second LED segment comprises a second CCT value that is about mid-point between the minimum CCT value and the third CCT value is about ccxy (0.43, 0.41).

28. The circuit of claim 23 wherein the LED segment selection circuit is configured to selectively switch a string current through the first LED segment to provide increased power through the first LED segment over a cycle of the rectified ac voltage signal, responsive to input from a dimmer circuit.

29. The circuit of claim 28 wherein the input from the dimmer circuit comprises a trailing edge phase cut dimmer input to provide the increased power at less than about 45 degrees of phase as the trailing edge phase cut dimmer input.

30. The circuit of claim 28 wherein the input from the dimmer circuit comprises a leading edge phase cut dimmer input to provide the increased power at greater than about 135 degrees of phase as the leading edge phase cut dimmer input.

31. The circuit of claim 28 wherein the rectified ac voltage signal is based on a 120 volt ac input signal and the separately biased LED segments comprise:

the second LED segment having the second forward bias voltage of about 40 volts;

the third LED segment having the third forward bias voltage of about 80 volts; and

wherein the first LED segment has the first forward bias voltage of about 20 volts.

32. The circuit of claim 28 wherein the rectified ac voltage signal is based on a 230 volt ac input signal and the separately biased LED segments comprise:

the second LED segment having the second forward bias voltage of about 80 volts;

the third LED segment having the third forward bias voltage of about 80 volts;

a fourth LED segment having a fourth forward bias voltage of about 80 volts; and

wherein the first LED segment has the first forward bias voltage of about 40 volts.

33. A method of operating a solid state lighting circuit including a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) segments including a targeted LED segment, the method comprising:

selectively switching current through the targeted LED segment while simultaneously decreasing a combined intensity of light emitted by the plurality of LED segments responsive to dimming input indicating an increased dimming level of the plurality of LED segments so as to shift a light emitted by the apparatus from including all of the plurality of LED segments at a reduced level of dimming input to including primarily the targeted LED segment of the plurality of LED segments at an increased level of dimming input,

wherein the targeted LED segment has a targeted minimum CCT value that is less than or equal to respective CCT values for all other LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments,

wherein the targeted LED segment has a targeted forward bias voltage that is less than or equal to forward bias voltages of all other LEDs segments in the plurality of LED segments, and

wherein selectively switching the current through the targeted LED segment is performed by a voltage controlled current source and is responsive to a magnitude of a rectified AC voltage signal applied to the solid state lighting circuit.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the plurality of LED segments comprise separately controllable banks of LEDs.

35. The method of claim 33 wherein each of the respective CCT values of the LED segments included in the plurality of LED segments is located substantially on a Planckian locus.

36. The method of claim 35 wherein selectively switching comprises selectively controlling currents through the plurality of LED segments so that light emitted by the circuit substantially shifts to the targeted minimum CCT value while conforming to the Planckian locus responsive to increased dimming input.

37. The method of claim 33 wherein the plurality of LED segments are coupled in series to provide an LED string, wherein selectively switching comprises switching a string current through combinations of the LED segments using a phase of a rectified ac input signal or a level of the rectified ac input signal.

38. A method of operating a solid state lighting circuit including a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) segments, the method comprising:

increasingly switching current through a minimum Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) LED segment included in the plurality of LED segments, the minimum CCT LED segment having a minimum CCT value that is less than or equal to respective CCT values for all other LED segments of the plurality of LED segments, while simultaneously decreasing an intensity of light emitted by the plurality of LED segments as dimming increases that shifts the light emitted by the plurality of LED segments towards the minimum CCT value of the minimum CCT LED segment,

wherein increasingly switching the current through the minimum CCT LED segment is performed by a voltage controlled current source and is responsive to a magnitude of a rectified AC voltage signal applied to the solid state lighting circuit.