Flash electronic disk with RAID controller

• US 9,842,024 B1
• Filed: 03/17/2014
• Issued: 12/12/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BiTMICRO, LLC (BiTMICRO Networks, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: BiTMICRO Networks, Inc.
• Inventors: David, Raquel Bautista, Climaco, Joey Barreto
• Primary Examiner(s): Ko, Chae
• Application Number:
  US14/217,334
• Time in Patent Office: 1,366 Days
• Field of Search: 714 622
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/108 Parity data distribution in semiconductor storages, e.g. in SSD
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2094 Redundant storage or storage space G06F11/2056 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2097 maintaining the standby controller/processing unit updated initialisation or re-synchronisation thereof G06F11/1658 and subgroups
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/061 Improving I/O performance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0617 in relation to availability
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0619 in relation to data integrity, e.g. data losses, bit errors
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/065 Replication mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0658 Controller construction arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0688 Non-volatile semiconductor memory arrays

Abstract

In an embodiment of the invention, a method is presented to operationally integrate one or more RAID control mechanisms into a flash electronic disk controller. The method includes incorporating one or more RAID features into a flash electronic disk by adding one or more RAID components in a flash controller, wherein the flash electronic disk includes a RAID control module to control the one or more RAID components; receiving a read or write operation command at a flash controller from a host; translating the read or write operation command into a command format understood by one or more flash controllers; translating the command format into an instruction format understood by one or more flash memory devices; and accessing one or more memory locations in the one or more flash memory devices according to the instruction format to perform a read or write operation for the host.

Claims

1. An apparatus, comprising:

an IO (Input/Output) bus;

a host coupled to the IO bus;

a flash electronic disk coupled via the IO bus to the host, wherein the flash electronic disk incorporates one or more RAID features, said flash electronic disk comprising a flash controller having one or more RAID components, wherein the flash electronic disk includes a RAID control module to control the one or more RAID components, wherein the flash controller receives a read operation command or write operation command from the host and translates the read operation command or write operation command into a command format that can be understood by one or more flash memory devices;

wherein the flash electronic disk further comprises one or more flash memory devices and a flash interconnect coupled to the flash controller and to the one or more flash memory devices;

wherein the flash controller is configured to translate the command format into an instruction format that can be understood by the one or more flash memory devices;

wherein the one or more flash memory devices include one or more memory locations that can be accessed according to the instruction format to perform a read operation or write operation for the host;

wherein the flash interconnect is configured to handle data transmission between the host and the one or more flash memory devices;

wherein the flash memory devices comprise at least a first flash memory device, a second flash memory device, and a third flash memory device;

wherein the RAID control module in the flash controller is configured to distribute data from the host across the flash memory devices by data striping;

wherein the RAID control module distributes a first data stripe of the data into the first flash memory device, distributes a second data stripe of the data into the second flash memory device, and distributes a parity of the data into the third flash memory device;

wherein the flash controller is coupled to the IC bus;

a plurality of disks coupled to the IC bus, wherein the plurality of disks comprises a first disk, a second disk, and a third disk;

wherein the flash controller transfers the first data stripe in the first flash memory device to the first disk;

wherein the flash controller transfers the second data stripe in the second flash memory device to the second disk; and

wherein the flash controller transfers the parity of the data in the third flash memory device to the third disk.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the RAID control module comprises a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during one or more parity calculations.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the RAID control module comprises a mapping table for address translation of the read operation and write operation commands received from the host.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the RAID control module comprises an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the RAID control module comprises an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations, a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during one or more parity calculations and a mapping table for address translation of the read operation and write operation commands received from the host.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as a slave disk instead of a cache memory.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as a slave disk instead of a cache memory by remapping a plurality of memory locations of the one or more flash memory devices on a new addressing scheme kept by the RAID control module in a mapping table.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are distributed to a number of RAID systems, wherein the flash electronic disk has one or more flash memory devices assigned to the RAID control module, and a remainder of the flash memory devices are assigned to another RAID control module in another RAID system.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as hot spare replacement disks.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as hot spare replacement disks, wherein one or more replacement disks allow the RAID control module to perform reconstruction to regenerate data from a failed disk by reading the data from one or more surviving slave disks.

11. A method comprising:

incorporating one or more RAID features into a flash electronic disk by adding one or more RAID components in a flash controller, wherein the flash electronic disk includes a RAID control module to control the one or more RAID components;

receiving a read operation command or write operation command at the flash electronic disk from a host;

translating the read operation command or write operation command into a command format understood by one or more flash memory devices;

translating the command format into an instruction format understood by one or more flash memory devices;

handling, by a flash interconnect coupled to the flash controller and to the one or more flash memory devices, data transmission between the host and the one or more flash memory devices;

accessing one or more memory locations in the one or more flash memory devices according to the instruction format to perform a read operation or write operation for the host;

distributing, by the RAID control module in the flash controller, data from the host across the one or more flash memory devices by data striping;

wherein the one or more flash memory devices comprise at least a first flash memory device, a second flash memory device, and a third flash memory device;

wherein the RAID control module distributes a first data stripe of the data into the first flash memory device, distributes a second data stripe of the data into the second flash memory device, and distributes a parity of the data into the third flash memory device;

wherein the host and the flash controller are both coupled to an IC (input/output) bus;

wherein a plurality of disks is coupled to the IC bus, wherein the plurality of disks comprises a first disk, a second disk, and a third disk;

transferring, by the flash controller, the first data stripe in the first flash memory device to the first disk;

transferring, by the flash controller, the second data stripe in the second flash memory device to the second disk; and

transferring, by the flash controller, the parity of the data in the third flash memory device to the third disk.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein incorporating the one or more RAID features into the flash electronic disk includes adding the RAID control module having a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during one or more parity calculations.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein incorporating the one or more RAID features into the flash electronic disk includes adding a mapping table for address translation of one or more read operation commands or write operation commands received from the host.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein incorporating the one or more RAID features into the flash electronic disk includes adding the RAID control module having an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein incorporating the one or more RAID features into the flash electronic disk includes adding the RAID control module having an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations, adding a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during the one or more parity calculations and adding a mapping table for address translation of the read operation or write operation commands received from the host.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as a slave disk instead of a cache memory.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as a slave disk instead of a cache memory and a plurality of memory locations of the flash memory devices are remapped on a new addressing scheme kept by the RAID control module in a mapping table.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as a slave disk instead of a cache memory and a plurality of memory locations of the flash memory devices are remapped on a new addressing scheme kept by the RAID control module in a mapping table, and the one or more flash memory devices are distributed among one or more other RAID systems by assignment to one or more RAID controllers for the one or more other RAID systems.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more flash memory devices are used as hot spare replacement disks, wherein one or more replacement disks allow the RAID control module to perform reconstruction to regenerate data from a failed disk by reading the data from one or more surviving slave disks.

20. A method comprising:

incorporating one or more RAID features into a flash electronic disk by adding one or more RAID components in a flash controller, wherein the flash electronic disk includes a RAID control module to control the one or more RAID components, including adding the RAID control module having an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations, adding a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during the one or more parity calculations and adding a mapping table for address translation of one or more commands received from a host;

receiving a read operation command or write operation command at the flash electronic disk from the host;

translating the read operation command or write operation command into a command format understood by one or more flash memory devices;

translating the command format into an instruction format understood by one or more flash memory devices;

handling, by a flash interconnect coupled to the flash controller and to the one or more flash memory devices, data transmission between the host and the one or more flash memory devices;

accessing one or more memory locations in the one or more flash memory devices according to the instruction format to perform a read operation or write operation for the host;

distributing, by the RAID control module in the flash controller, data from the host across the one or more flash memory devices by data striping;

wherein the one or more flash memory devices comprise at least a first flash memory device, a second flash memory device, and a third flash memory device;

wherein the RAID control module distributes a first data stripe of the data into the first flash memory device, distributes a second data stripe of the data into the second flash memory device, and distributes a parity of the data into the third flash memory device;

wherein the host and the flash controller are both coupled to an IC (input/output) bus;

wherein a plurality of disks is coupled to the IC bus, wherein the plurality of disks comprises a first disk, a second disk, and a third disk;

transferring, by the flash controller, the first data stripe in the first flash memory device to the first disk;

transferring, by the flash controller, the second data stripe in the second flash memory device to the second disk; and

transferring, by the flash controller, the parity of the data in the third flash memory device to the third disk.

21. An apparatus comprising:

a flash electronic disk comprising;

a flash controller, wherein the flash controller includes a RAID controller;

a plurality of flash memory devices; and

a flash interconnect coupled to the flash controller and to the plurality of flash memory devices;

wherein the flash electronic disk receives write and read commands from a host;

wherein the flash controller is configured to translate the write and read commands into flash native commands which are understood by the plurality of flash memory devices;

wherein the flash interconnect is configured to handle data transmission between the host and the plurality of flash memory devices;

wherein the plurality of flash memory devices comprises at least a first flash memory device, a second flash memory device, and a third flash memory device;

wherein the RAID controller in the flash controller is configured to distribute data from the host across the plurality of flash memory devices by data striping;

wherein the RAID controller distributes a first data stripe of the data into the first flash memory device, distributes a second data stripe of the data into the second flash memory device, and distributes a parity of the data into the third flash memory device;

wherein the flash controller and the host are both coupled to an IC (input/output) bus;

wherein a plurality of disks is coupled to the IO bus, wherein the plurality of disks comprises a first disk, a second disk, and a third disk;

wherein the flash controller transfers the first data stripe in the first flash memory device to the first disk;

wherein the flash controller transfers the second data stripe in the second flash memory device to the second disk; and

wherein the flash controller transfers the parity of the data in the third flash memory device to the third disk.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the RAID controller comprises an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations, a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during one or more parity calculations, and a mapping table for address translation of the write and read commands received from the host.

23. A method comprising:

receiving, by a flash electronic disk, write and read commands from a host;

translating, by a flash controller in the flash electronic disk, the write and read commands into flash native commands which are understood by a plurality of flash memory devices in the flash electronic disk;

handling, by a flash interconnect coupled to the flash controller and to the plurality of flash memory devices, data transmission between the host and the plurality of flash memory devices;

distributing, by a RAID controller in the flash controller, data from the host across the plurality of flash memory devices by data striping;

wherein the plurality of flash memory devices comprises at least a first flash memory device, a second flash memory device, and a third flash memory device;

wherein the RAID controller distributes a first data stripe of the data into the first flash memory device, distributes a second data stripe of the data into the second flash memory device, and distributes a parity of the data into the third flash memory device;

wherein the host and the flash controller are both coupled to an IO (input/output) bus;

wherein a plurality of disks is coupled to the IO bus, wherein the plurality of disks comprises a first disk, a second disk, and a third disk;

transferring, by the flash controller, the first data stripe in the first flash memory device to the first disk;

transferring, by the flash controller, the second data stripe in the second flash memory device to the second disk; and

transferring, by the flash controller, the parity of the data in the third flash memory device to the third disk.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the RAID controller comprises an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations, a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during one or more parity calculations, and a mapping table for address translation of the write and read commands received from the host.

25. An article of manufacture, comprising:

a non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions operable to permit an apparatus to;

receive, by a flash electronic disk, write and read commands from a host;

translate, by a flash controller in the flash electronic disk, the write and read commands into flash native commands which are understood by a plurality of flash memory devices in the flash electronic disk;

handle, by a flash interconnect coupled to the flash controller and to the plurality of flash memory devices, data transmission between the host and the plurality of flash memory devices;

distribute, by a RAID controller in the flash controller, data from the host across the plurality of flash memory devices by data striping;

wherein the plurality of flash memory devices comprises at least a first flash memory device, a second flash memory device, and a third flash memory device;

wherein the RAID controller distributes a first data stripe of the data into the first flash memory device, distributes a second data stripe of the data into the second flash memory device, and distributes a parity of the data into the third flash memory device;

wherein the host and the flash controller are both coupled to an IO (input/output) bus;

wherein a plurality of disks is coupled to the IO bus, wherein the plurality of disks comprises a first disk, a second disk, and a third disk;

transfer, by the flash controller, the first data stripe in the first flash memory device to the first disk;

transfer, by the flash controller, the second data stripe in the second flash memory device to the second disk; and

transfer, by the flash controller, the parity of the data in the third flash memory device to the third disk.

26. The article of manufacture of claim 25, wherein the RAID controller comprises an XOR engine that is used during one or more parity calculations, a RAID cache that serves as a temporary data storage during one or more parity calculations, and a mapping table for address translation of the write and read commands received from the host.