Pulse photometer

• US 9,854,999 B2
• Filed: 03/19/2015
• Issued: 01/02/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nihon Kohden Corporation
• Original Assignee: Nihon Kohden Corporation
• Inventors: Ueda, Yoshinori, Ukawa, Teiji, Ito, Kazumasa, Fujisaki, Hideki
• Primary Examiner(s): Winakur, Eric
• Assistant Examiner(s): Liu, Chu Chuan (JJ)
• Application Number:
  US14/662,476
• Publication Number:
  US 20150272488A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,020 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7214 using signal cancellation, e.g. based on input of two identical physiological sensors spaced apart, or based on two signals derived from the same sensor, for different optical wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7221 Determining signal validity, reliability or quality A61B5/7207 and A61B5/7217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7405 using sound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/742 using visual displays A61B5/339 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7455 characterised by tactile indication, e.g. vibration or electrical stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/31 Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry G01N21/72 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/061 Sources
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/12 Circuits of general importance; Signal processing
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/4925 measuring blood gas content, e.g. O2, CO2 , HCO3

Abstract

A pulse photometer includes a light emitter, a light detector, a first signal separator that separates a first signal component and a first noise component, a second signal separator that separates a second signal component and a second noise component, a first determining section, a second determining section, and a concentration calculating section that calculates a concentration of a light absorption material in blood of the subject based on a fundamental frequency of the first signal component or a fundamental frequency of the second signal component.

Claims

1. A pulse photometer comprising:

an emitter that emits a first light beam of a first wavelength, a second light beam of a second wavelength, and a third light beam of a third wavelength;

a detector that outputs a first intensity signal in accordance with a first intensity of the first light beam that is transmitted through or reflected from a living tissue of a subject, a second intensity signal in accordance with a second intensity of the second light beam that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject, and a third intensity signal in accordance with a third intensity of the third light beam that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject;

a first signal separator that separates a first signal component of a first observed signal pair of the first intensity signal and the third intensity signal from a first noise component of the first observed signal pair;

a second signal separator that separates a second signal component of a second observed signal pair of the second intensity signal and the third intensity signal from a second noise component of the second intensity signal pair;

a first determining section that determines whether a first difference between a first signal absorbance ratio of the first signal component and a first noise absorbance ratio of the first noise component is equal to or larger than a first predetermined value;

a second determining section that, when it is determined that the first difference is not equal to or larger than the first predetermined value, determines whether a second difference between a second signal absorbance ratio of the second signal component and a second noise absorbance ratio of the second noise component is equal to or larger than a second predetermined value; and

a concentration calculating section that calculates a concentration of a light absorption material in blood of the subject based on a fundamental frequency of the first signal component or calculates the concentration of the light absorption material in blood based on a fundamental frequency of the second signal component.

2. The pulse photometer according to claim 1, wherein the third light beam is an infrared red light beam, and

wherein the first light beam and the second light beam are red light beams of different wavelengths.

3. The pulse photometer according to claim 1, further comprising:

a notifying section that outputs an error state in response to the first determining section determining that the first difference is not equal to or larger than the first predetermined value and the second determining section determining that the second difference is not equal to or larger than the second predetermined value.

4. The pulse photometer according to claim 1, wherein the first wavelength, the second wavelength, and the third wavelength are selected from 660 nm, 700 nm, and 880 nm.

5. The pulse photometer according to claim 1, wherein the emitter emits a fourth light beam of a fourth wavelength,

wherein the detector outputs a fourth intensity signal in accordance with a fourth intensity of the fourth light beam that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject,

wherein the pulse photometer further comprises:

a third signal separator that that separates a third signal component of a third observed signal pair of the third intensity signal and the fourth intensity signal from a third noise component of the third observed signal pair; and

a third determining section that determines whether a third difference between a third signal absorbance ratio of the third signal component that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject and a third noise absorbance ratio of the third noise component that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject is equal to or larger than a third predetermined value,

wherein the concentration calculating section calculates the concentration of the light absorption material in blood based on a third fundamental frequency of the third signal component in response to the first determining section determining that the first difference is not equal to or larger than the first predetermined value and the second determining section determining that the second difference is not equal to or larger than the second predetermined value, and

wherein the first wavelength, the second wavelength, and the third wavelength are selected from 660 nm, 700 nm, 730 nm, and 880 nm.

6. The pulse photometer according to claim 1, wherein the emitter emits a fourth light beam of a fourth wavelength,

wherein the detector outputs a fourth intensity signal in accordance with a fourth intensity of the fourth light beam that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject,

wherein the pulse photometer further comprises:

a third signal separator that that separates a third signal component of a third observed signal pair of the third intensity signal and the fourth intensity signal from a third noise component of the third observed signal pair; and

a third determining section that determines whether a third difference between a third signal absorbance ratio of the third signal component that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject and a third noise absorbance ratio of the third noise component that is transmitted through or reflected from the living tissue of the subject is equal to or larger than a third predetermined value,

wherein the concentration calculating section calculates the concentration of the light absorption material in blood based on a third fundamental frequency of the third signal component in response to the first determining section determining that the first difference is not equal to or larger than the first predetermined value and the second determining section determining that the second difference is not equal to or larger than the second predetermined value, and

wherein the first wavelength, the second wavelength, and the third wavelength are selected from 660 nm, 700 nm, 880 nm, and 940 nm.

7. The pulse photometer according to claim 1, wherein the concentration calculating section, when it is determined that the first difference is equal to or larger than the first predetermined value, calculates the concentration of the light absorption material in blood of the subject based on the fundamental frequency of the first signal component, and, when it is determined that the second difference is equal to or larger than the second predetermined value, calculates the concentration of the light absorption material in blood based on the fundamental frequency of the second signal component.