Fault tolerant scalable modular quantum computer architecture with an enhanced control of multi-mode couplings between trapped ion qubits
First Claim
1. Large-scale modular quantum computer architecture, comprising:
- a processor configured for receiving an input data to be computed and to control quantum computations in accordance with a quantum algorithm and to output results of the computations;
a plurality of modular elementary logic units (ELUs), each modular ELU housing a plurality of stationary matter qubits and constituting a high performance quantum memory register;
a photonic interconnect network propagating quantum degrees of freedom of said qubits and operatively coupled to said plurality of modular ELUs, said photonic interconnect network being configured for multiplexing, under control of said processor, said plurality of modular ELUs in a dynamically reconfigurable at least one multi-dimensional quantum computational structure supporting a scheduled realization of at last one of at least first quantum gate is being realized between qubits housed in respective distant modular ELUs arranged in said at least one multi-dimensional quantum computations structure, and wherein said at least second quantum gate is being realized between qubits housed in a respective at least one of said plurality of modular ELUs, and wherein said at least first and second quantum gates are being executed through application of predetermined qubit-state-dependent forces to respective qubits;
a control sub-system configured to control said qubit-state-dependent forces for application of optimal control parameters to multiple modes of motion of said qubits housed in said respective at least one ELU to suppress a mode crosstalk within said respective at least one ELU, thereby enabling high fidelity operation of said at least one second quantum gate in said respective at least one ELU for enhanced scalability of said quantum computer;
a photon detection sub-system operatively coupled to a respective at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates via said photonic interconnect network to detect realization of said respective at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates; and
a measurement sub-system operatively coupled to said detection sub-system and said at least on first and second quantum gates to measure, upon detection of photons produced thereat, the states of qubits resulting from realization of said respective at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates, said qubit'"'"'s states being supplied to said processor for processing and subsequent output in a form of computation resultswherein said stationary matter qubits include ion qubits, further comprising a laser sub-system generating laser beams with predetermined characteristics and operatively coupled to said respective at least one ELU in a controlled manner in accordance with said quantum algorithm to realize said at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates, wherein said control sub-system is operatively coupled to said laser sub-system for shaping at least one of said laser beams to apply said optimally controlled qubit state-dependent optical forces to a respective subset of said ion qubits,wherein said laser sub-system includes;
a first laser configured for initialization of each of said ion qubits in said respective at least one ELU,at least one second continuous-wave laser configured to simulate Raman transitions between said ion qubits and to produce said qubit state-dependent optical forces, wherein said at least one second laser generates a first laser beam for illuminating said plurality of ion qubits in said respective at least one ELU and a second laser beam for manipulating said respective subset of adjacent ion qubits of interest, anda third resonant laser configured to participate in said ion qubits states measurement by applying said third laser'"'"'s beam to said ion qubits states,wherein said multiple modes of motion of said ion qubits are caused by application of at least one of said first laser'"'"'s beam and said first laser beam of said at least one second laser, andwherein said optimal control parameters include a predetermined pulse shape of said second laser beam designed for disentanglement of said multiple modes of motion of said ion qubits housed within said respective at least one ELU.
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Abstract
A modular quantum computer architecture is developed with a hierarchy of interactions that can scale to very large numbers of qubits. Local entangling quantum gates between qubit memories within a single modular register are accomplished using natural interactions between the qubits, and entanglement between separate modular registers is completed via a probabilistic photonic interface between qubits in different registers, even over large distances. This architecture is suitable for the implementation of complex quantum circuits utilizing the flexible connectivity provided by a reconfigurable photonic interconnect network. The subject architecture is made fault-tolerant which is a prerequisite for scalability. An optimal quantum control of multimode couplings between qubits is accomplished via individual addressing the qubits with segmented optical pulses to suppress crosstalk in each register, thus enabling high-fidelity gates that can be scaled to larger qubit registers for quantum computation and simulation.
157 Citations
24 Claims
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1. Large-scale modular quantum computer architecture, comprising:
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a processor configured for receiving an input data to be computed and to control quantum computations in accordance with a quantum algorithm and to output results of the computations; a plurality of modular elementary logic units (ELUs), each modular ELU housing a plurality of stationary matter qubits and constituting a high performance quantum memory register; a photonic interconnect network propagating quantum degrees of freedom of said qubits and operatively coupled to said plurality of modular ELUs, said photonic interconnect network being configured for multiplexing, under control of said processor, said plurality of modular ELUs in a dynamically reconfigurable at least one multi-dimensional quantum computational structure supporting a scheduled realization of at last one of at least first quantum gate is being realized between qubits housed in respective distant modular ELUs arranged in said at least one multi-dimensional quantum computations structure, and wherein said at least second quantum gate is being realized between qubits housed in a respective at least one of said plurality of modular ELUs, and wherein said at least first and second quantum gates are being executed through application of predetermined qubit-state-dependent forces to respective qubits; a control sub-system configured to control said qubit-state-dependent forces for application of optimal control parameters to multiple modes of motion of said qubits housed in said respective at least one ELU to suppress a mode crosstalk within said respective at least one ELU, thereby enabling high fidelity operation of said at least one second quantum gate in said respective at least one ELU for enhanced scalability of said quantum computer; a photon detection sub-system operatively coupled to a respective at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates via said photonic interconnect network to detect realization of said respective at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates; and a measurement sub-system operatively coupled to said detection sub-system and said at least on first and second quantum gates to measure, upon detection of photons produced thereat, the states of qubits resulting from realization of said respective at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates, said qubit'"'"'s states being supplied to said processor for processing and subsequent output in a form of computation results wherein said stationary matter qubits include ion qubits, further comprising a laser sub-system generating laser beams with predetermined characteristics and operatively coupled to said respective at least one ELU in a controlled manner in accordance with said quantum algorithm to realize said at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates, wherein said control sub-system is operatively coupled to said laser sub-system for shaping at least one of said laser beams to apply said optimally controlled qubit state-dependent optical forces to a respective subset of said ion qubits, wherein said laser sub-system includes; a first laser configured for initialization of each of said ion qubits in said respective at least one ELU, at least one second continuous-wave laser configured to simulate Raman transitions between said ion qubits and to produce said qubit state-dependent optical forces, wherein said at least one second laser generates a first laser beam for illuminating said plurality of ion qubits in said respective at least one ELU and a second laser beam for manipulating said respective subset of adjacent ion qubits of interest, and a third resonant laser configured to participate in said ion qubits states measurement by applying said third laser'"'"'s beam to said ion qubits states, wherein said multiple modes of motion of said ion qubits are caused by application of at least one of said first laser'"'"'s beam and said first laser beam of said at least one second laser, and wherein said optimal control parameters include a predetermined pulse shape of said second laser beam designed for disentanglement of said multiple modes of motion of said ion qubits housed within said respective at least one ELU. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method of operating a large-scale modular quantum computer, comprising:
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(a) inputting data in a processor unit for being computed; (b) interconnecting, under control of said processor unit, a plurality NELU of modular elementary logic units (ELUs) into at least one multi-dimensional quantum computational structure through a dynamically reconfigurable photonic interconnect network, wherein each modular ELU hosts a plurality Nd of stationary matter qubits, (c) applying predetermined laser pulses to the qubits in at last one modular ELU to set said qubits in a controlled initial state representing a computational problem to be solved, (d) controllably shaping a first laser beam, (e) illuminating, by said first laser beam, a predetermined subset of qubits in said at least one modular ELUs to realize at least one first quantum gate between said qubits in said at least one modular ELU in accordance with a quantum algorithm, wherein said optimally shaped first laser beam supports a disentanglement of modes of motion of said qubits in said at least one modular ELU, thereby suppressing modes crosstalk in said at least one modular ELU, and thereby obtaining a high fidelity said at least one first quantum gate, (f) illuminating, by a second laser beam, at least one pair of said qubits housed in at least a pair of distant modular ELUs in accordance with said quantum algorithm to realize at least one second quantum gate between said quantum algorithm to realize at least one second quantum gate between said distant modular ELUs, wherein said at least first and second quantum gates are realized in accordance with a predetermined schedule between qubits residing in said modular ELUs constitution said at least one multi-dimensional computational structure, (g) detecting the realization of a respective at least one of said at least first and second quantum gates by registering a corresponding at least one photon event heralding an entangled quantum gate between said illuminated qubits, (h) measuring the states of said qubits of said at least first and second quantum gates upon detection of the successful realization thereof, and (i) transmitting quantum information corresponding to said measured qubits states to said processor unit for further processing and output in a form of computational results. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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Specification