Small highly accurate battery temperature monitoring circuit

• US 9,863,817 B2
• Filed: 10/21/2014
• Issued: 01/09/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/12/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: National Semiconductor Corporation (Texas Instruments, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: National Semiconductor Corporation (Texas Instruments, Inc.)
• Inventors: Vu, Luan Minh, Tse, Thomas Y., Hoang, Tuong
• Primary Examiner(s): KAPLAN VERBITSKY, GAIL
• Application Number:
  US14/520,069
• Publication Number:
  US 20150103868A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,176 Days
• Field of Search: 702130, 702 99, 702 63, 324433, 324500, 324426, 374152, 374142, 374 1, 374141, 374170, 374171, 374172, 374183, 374185
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 7/22 the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor G01K7/26 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/382 Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/486 for measuring temperature
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A battery temperature monitoring circuit, which has a cold comparator and a hot comparator, achieves high accuracy in a small cell size by utilizing a cold current optimized for the cold comparator and a cold reference voltage, and a hot current optimized for the hot comparator and a hot reference voltage, along with switching circuitry that provides the cold current to the cold comparator as the battery temperature approaches the cold trip temperature, and the hot current to the hot comparator as the battery temperature approaches the hot trip temperature.

Claims

1. A circuit, comprising:

an input node coupled to receive a measured voltage corresponding to battery temperature;

a cold voltage comparator coupled to the input node to generate a cold trip point signal based on the measured voltage relative to a cold reference voltage corresponding to a pre-defined too cold condition;

a hot voltage comparator coupled to the input node to generate a hot trip point signal based on the measured voltage relative to a hot reference voltage corresponding to a pre-defined too hot condition; and

current source circuitry coupled to the input node and responsive to the measured voltage

to selectively source a first constant current to the cold voltage comparator when the measured voltage is within a pre-defined range of the cold reference voltage, and

to selectively source a second constant current to the hot voltage comparator when the measured voltage is within a pre-defined range of the hot reference voltage.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the measured voltage corresponding to battery temperature is provided by a thermistor based on one of the first constant current and the second constant current.

3. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the current source circuitry includes

a selection comparator coupled to the input node and responsive to the measured voltage to generate a current selection signal;

and

a selection circuit responsive to the current selection signal to selectively source either the first constant current or the second constant current.

4. The circuit of claim 3 wherein the current source circuitry further includes:

a first constant current source that sources the first constant current; and

a second constant current source that sources the second constant current;

the first and second constant current sources coupled to the selection circuit.

5. The circuit of claim 4 wherein

the cold voltage and hot voltage comparators have respective input offset voltages;

and

the first constant current is adjusted to compensate for the input offset voltage of the cold voltage comparator; and

the second constant current is adjusted to compensate for the input offset voltage of the hot voltage comparator.

6. The circuit of claim 5 wherein

the first constant current source is adjusted by trimming to adjust the first constant current;

and

the second constant current source is adjusted by trimming to adjust the second constant current.

7. The circuit of claim 1 wherein

the cold voltage comparator includes hysteresis based on upper and lower cold reference voltages;

and

the hot voltage comparator includes hysteresis based on upper and lower hot reference voltages; and

the current source circuitry includes a selection comparator coupled to the input node and responsive to the measured voltage to generate a current selection signal,

the selection comparator including hysteresis based on first and second selection reference voltages,

the first selection reference voltage set to a pre-defined voltage below the upper cold reference voltage, and

the second selection reference voltage set to a pre-defined voltage above the lower hot reference voltage.

8. A method suitable for measuring battery temperature during charging comprising:

generating a measured voltage representative of battery temperature;

generating a cold trip point signal based on a comparison of the measured voltage relative to a cold reference voltage corresponding to a pre-defined too cold condition;

generating a hot trip point signal based on a comparison of the measured voltage relative to a hot reference voltage corresponding to a pre-defined too hot condition;

selectively sourcing

a first constant current, used in the comparison of the measured voltage relative to the cold reference voltage, when the measured voltage is within a pre-defined range of the cold reference voltage, and

a second constant current, used in the comparison of the measured voltage relative to the hot reference voltage, when the measured voltage is within a pre-defined range of the hot reference voltage.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein

a cold voltage comparator is used to generate the cold trip point signal, the cold voltage comparator having an input offset voltage;

a hot voltage comparator is used to generate the hot trip point signal, the hot voltage comparator having an input offset voltage;

the first constant current is adjusted to compensate for the input offset voltage of the cold voltage comparator; and

the second constant current is adjusted to compensate for the input offset voltage of the hot voltage comparator.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein

a cold voltage comparator is used to generate the cold trip point signal, the cold voltage comparator including hysteresis based on upper and lower cold reference voltages;

a hot voltage comparator is used to generate the hot trip point signal, the hot voltage comparator including hysteresis based on upper and lower cold reference voltages.

11. A system suitable for charging a battery including monitoring battery temperature during charging, comprising:

a temperature monitoring device coupled to a battery to output a measured voltage representative of battery temperature;

a temperature monitoring circuit, including

an input node coupled to receive the measured voltage;

a cold voltage comparator coupled to the input node to generate a cold trip point signal based on the measured voltage relative to a cold reference voltage corresponding to a pre-defined too cold condition;

a hot voltage comparator coupled to the input node to generate a hot trip point signal based on the measured voltage relative to a hot reference voltage corresponding to a pre-defined too hot condition; and

current source circuitry coupled to the input node and responsive to the measured voltage

to selectively source a first constant current to the cold voltage comparator when the measured voltage is within a pre-defined range of the cold reference voltage, and

to selectively source a second constant current to the hot voltage comparator when the measured voltage is within a pre-defined range of the hot reference voltage.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the measured voltage corresponding to battery temperature is provided by a thermistor based on one of the first constant current and the second constant current.

13. The system of claim 11 wherein the current source circuitry includes

a selection comparator coupled to the input node and responsive to the measured voltage to generate a current selection signal;

and

a selection circuit responsive to the current selection signal to selectively source either the first constant current or the second constant current.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein the current source circuitry further includes:

a first constant current source that sources the first constant current; and

a second constant current source that sources the second constant current;

the first and second constant current sources coupled to the selection circuit.

15. The system of claim 11 wherein

the cold voltage and hot voltage comparators have respective input offset voltages;

and

the first constant current is adjusted to compensate for the input offset voltage of the cold voltage comparator; and

the second constant current is adjusted to compensate for the input offset voltage of the hot voltage comparator.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein

the first constant current source is adjusted by trimming to adjust the first constant current;

and

the second constant current source is adjusted by trimming to adjust the second constant current.

17. The system of claim 11 wherein

the cold voltage comparator includes hysteresis based on upper and lower cold reference voltages;

and

the hot voltage comparator includes hysteresis based on upper and lower hot reference voltages; and

the current source circuitry includes a selection comparator coupled to the input node and responsive to the measured voltage to generate a current selection signal,

the selection comparator including hysteresis based on first and second selection reference voltages,

the first selection reference voltage set to a pre-defined voltage below the upper cold reference voltage, and

the second selection reference voltage set to a pre-defined voltage above the lower hot reference voltage.