System and method for reutilizing CO2 from combusted carbonaceous material

• US 9,874,113 B2
• Filed: 06/08/2015
• Issued: 01/23/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 05/03/2010
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Powerdyne, Inc. (Powerdyne International, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Powerdyne, Inc. (Powerdyne International, Inc.)
• Inventors: Hirson, Geoffrey, Shouse, Gus F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lau, Jason
• Application Number:
  US14/733,588
• Publication Number:
  US 20150292736A1
• Time in Patent Office: 960 Days
• Field of Search: 110345, 60772, 60780, 48 73
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 21/04 using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas F01K25/005, F02B47/02 take precedence; injecting water or steam into a as gas turbine plant F02C3/305; direct-contact steam generators in general F22B
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 25/00 Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 7/16 the engines being only of turbine type the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure F01K7/32; the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type F01K7/34
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 7/38 the engines being of turbine type
• CPC Class Codes: F22B 1/00 Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method solar heating F24S; jackets or other cooling means in which steam is generated and which serve for cooling other apparatus, see the subclasses for such apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: F22B 1/18 the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines use of waste heat of combustion engines, in general, F02G
• CPC Class Codes: F22B 1/281 other than by electrical resistances or electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 2206/203 with a power/heat generating installation
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 5/085 High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 5/16 in a separate combustion chamber
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 5/46 Recuperation of heat
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 7/061 with supplementary heating
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 7/10 of field or garden waste or biomasses
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 15/025 using filters
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 15/04 using washing fluids scrubbers for removing solids only F23J15/022
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 15/06 of coolers
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2215/20 Sulfur; Compounds thereof
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2215/50 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2217/101 Baghouse type
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2219/40 Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
• CPC Class Codes: F23L 7/002 : Supplying water
• CPC Class Codes: F23L 7/007 : Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/1823 : structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/12 : Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/30 : Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/34 : Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

A system for generating steam supplies of coal another material to one or more processing chambers. Each processing chamber includes a plasma arc torch that heats the material in the presence of water and a treatment gas at an extremely high temperature. A product gas stream is delivered from each processing chamber to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). Each HRSG generates steam that is used to drive a steam turbine. The processing chambers and HRSGs are fluidly connected so that the product gas streams moves from a processing chamber, to a HRSG, to another processing chamber, and then to another HRSG, etc. Within any of the HRSGs, or after the final HRSG, water in the product gas may condense to liquid water that may be redirected to any of the processing chambers. In addition, CO₂ from the final HRSG may be redirected into any of the processing chambers to facilitate further reactions in the chambers.

Claims

1. A method for generating steam comprising:

providing a continuous supply of a carbonaceous material to a first processing chamber having a first plasma arc torch;

combusting the carbonaceous material in the first processing chamber in the presence of a first treatment gas and water to provide a first product gas stream comprising at least water, an amount of carbon monoxide (CO), an amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂), and a molten slag;

controlling a ratio of the amount of CO to the amount of CO plus the amount of CO₂ in the first product gas stream to about 20% to about 45%;

collecting the molten slag in a rotating crucible portion of the first processing chamber wherein the crucible portion rotates at a first rate sufficient to maintain, by centrifugal force, the molten slag away from an exit portion of the crucible portion located about at an axis of rotation of the crucible portion;

recovering heat from the first product gas stream in a first heat recovery steam generator to produce a first steam output;

processing the first product gas stream in a second processing chamber having a second plasma arc torch in the presence of a second treatment gas and water to provide a second product gas stream comprising at least carbon dioxide and substantially free of carbon monoxide and hydrogen;

recovering heat from the second product gas stream in a second heat recovery steam generator to produce a second steam output;

directing at least a portion of the second product gas stream carbon dioxide to the first processing chamber;

directing at least a portion of the water to the first processing chamber; and

slowing the crucible portion rotation to a second rate thereby allowing the molten slag to exit the crucible portion through the exit portion of the crucible portion,

wherein each of the first plasma torch and the second plasma torch generates heat at a temperature in a range of about 5540°

C. to about 11,080°

C.;

wherein the carbon dioxide is directed to the first processing chamber via a first programmable valve having a first control mechanism; and

,

wherein the water is directed to the first processing chamber via a second programmable valve having a second control mechanism.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising, processing the second stream output in a wet scrubber to provide a wet scrubber output.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the wet scrubber output comprises at least water and carbon dioxide.

4. The method of claim 2 further comprising:

providing a plurality of monitors each configured to measure at least one of a plurality of process parameters and provide data thereof to a processor; and

controlling the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism by the processor, based at least in part on the data provided by the plurality of monitors.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of process parameters measured by the monitors comprise at least one of temperature, pressure, carbon dioxide composition, water volume, and gas flow.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of monitors measure the process parameters in at least one of the first processing chamber, the first product gas stream, the first heat recovery steam generator, the first steam output, the second processing chamber, the second product gas stream, and the second stream output.