Chip for a pathogens, parasites, toxins and desired chemical compounds detection
First Claim
1. A biosensor comprising:
- a flat plate;
a carbon working electrodea carbon counter electrode, anda silver reference electrodeall attached to said flat plate;
said electrodes are in spaced apart relation and are screen-printed electrodes, and connected to a respective conductive lead and a measuring circuit;
a hydrophilic membrane attached to said electrodes;
a polymethacrylatetransparent thermoplastic layer having two surfaces, including on both surfaces a clear, thin flexible plastic film;
a carbon or graphite powder including a chemically bonded antigen or antibody immunosorbent deposited on said working electrode;
a fluidic chamber containing said screen-printed electrodes, hydrophilic membrane, coated polymethylacrylate layer and said carbon or graphite powder,a first inlet PTFE tube adhered in said glue for selective connection to at least one analyte fluid and a second outlet PTFE tube for discharge of said fluid after processing;
wherein when a fluid is introduced through said inlet, it flows through a vertical hydrophilic membrane, then flows horizontally over said immunosorbent with said antigen or antibody creating a reaction so that said fluid interconnects said working electrode and said reference electrode producing a current signal through said leads and said measuring circuit, and the fluid finally is discharged through said outlet.
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Abstract
The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for an immunoassay technique that uses amperometric measurements to rapidly analyze different pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, toxins, and parasites and chemical compounds using a disposable element. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, at least one conductive immunosorbent is used to provide support for antibody immobilization and placed on the top of the working electrode; it could also be used by itself as a working electrode. This immunosorbent or powder can be fabricated of conductive material or nonconductive material over which a conductive material is coated. A membrane cover of the working electrode forms a fluidic chamber having a pore size that is suited to the particular application to insure no contact between the working electrode and counter or silver electrode. The immunoassay can be automated using microprocessor control to reduce the amount of human intervention.
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Citations
14 Claims
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1. A biosensor comprising:
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a flat plate; a carbon working electrode a carbon counter electrode, and a silver reference electrode all attached to said flat plate; said electrodes are in spaced apart relation and are screen-printed electrodes, and connected to a respective conductive lead and a measuring circuit; a hydrophilic membrane attached to said electrodes; a polymethacrylate transparent thermoplastic layer having two surfaces, including on both surfaces a clear, thin flexible plastic film; a carbon or graphite powder including a chemically bonded antigen or antibody immunosorbent deposited on said working electrode; a fluidic chamber containing said screen-printed electrodes, hydrophilic membrane, coated polymethylacrylate layer and said carbon or graphite powder, a first inlet PTFE tube adhered in said glue for selective connection to at least one analyte fluid and a second outlet PTFE tube for discharge of said fluid after processing;
wherein when a fluid is introduced through said inlet, it flows through a vertical hydrophilic membrane, then flows horizontally over said immunosorbent with said antigen or antibody creating a reaction so that said fluid interconnects said working electrode and said reference electrode producing a current signal through said leads and said measuring circuit, and the fluid finally is discharged through said outlet.- View Dependent Claims (2)
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3. A biosensor comprising:
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an elongated bottom disposable layer comprising; a flat plate; a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a reference electrode all attached to said flat plate; said electrodes in spaced apart relation, each connected to a respective conductive lead and a measuring circuit; an immunosorbent layer overlying said working electrode comprising a conductive with a chemically bonded antigen or antibody; a vertical hydrophilic pore membrane layer attached to said immunosorbent layer and overlying at least said working electrode; a fluid impermeable layer overlying said vertical pore membrane layer, said fluid impermeable layer having an arcuate opening that substantially overlies the three electrodes so as to define a microfluidics chamber; a cover layer overlying said fluid impermeable layer so as to define an enclosed microfluidics chamber that includes said electrodes, said cover layer including an inlet at one end of said arcuate opening and an outlet at the opposite end; wherein when a fluid is introduced through said inlet it flows through said vertical pore membrane, then flows horizontally over said immunosorbent carbon with said antigen or antibody creating a reaction so that said fluid becomes conductive so as to interconnect said working electrode, said counter-electrode and said reference electrode producing a current signal through said leads and said measuring circuit, and the fluid flows through said outlet. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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Specification