System and method for a switching converter

• US 9,887,624 B2
• Filed: 08/04/2014
• Issued: 02/06/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Infineon Technologies Austria Ag (Infineon Technologies AG)
• Original Assignee: Infineon Technologies Austria Ag (Infineon Technologies AG)
• Inventors: Hofmann, Andreas, Varga, Roberto
• Primary Examiner(s): Dole, Timothy J
• Assistant Examiner(s): PEREZ, BRYAN REYNALDO
• Application Number:
  US14/451,058
• Publication Number:
  US 20160036324A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,282 Days
• Field of Search: 323271, 323280-285, 315185 R, 315209 R, 315291, 315299
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/14 Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/156 with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/3725 Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/375 using buck topology
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/38 using boost topology

Abstract

According to various embodiments, a method for operating a switching converter includes determining an operating parameter of the switching converter and, if the operating parameter is outside a first operating range, adjusting a control parameter in order to adjust the operating parameter to be within the first operating range. The operating parameter includes at least one of a switching frequency of the switching converter and a current ripple value of an output current.

Claims

1. A method for operating a switching converter, the method comprising:

generating an output current with a current ripple; and

generating a switching signal, the switching signal switching between a high state and a low state with a switching frequency and a switching period, the switching period being one over the switching frequency, wherein generating the switching signal comprises

maintaining the output current of the switching converter with a substantially constant average value during a first mode of operation;

determining a switching frequency value of the switching signal during the first mode of operation;

comparing the switching frequency value to a first frequency range during the first mode of operation, wherein the first frequency range comprises a lower frequency limit and a higher frequency limit, the higher frequency limit being higher than the lower frequency limit;

if the switching frequency value is below the lower frequency limit or above the higher frequency limit, adjusting the current ripple of the output current in order to adjust the switching frequency to be above the lower frequency limit and below the higher frequency limit during the first mode of operation, wherein the current ripple is determined as a difference between a maximum current peak and a minimum current peak during a switching cycle of the switching signal, wherein the switching cycle has a duration of the switching period of the switching signal;

determining a current ripple value of the output current during the first mode of operation as a difference between a maximum current peak and a minimum current peak during a switching cycle of the switching signal, wherein the switching cycle has a duration of the switching period of the switching signal;

comparing the determined current ripple value of the output current to a first current ripple range during the first mode of operation, wherein the first current ripple range comprises a lower current limit and a higher current limit, the higher current limit being higher than the lower current limit; and

if the determined current ripple value of the output current is outside the first current ripple range, adjusting the current ripple value of the output current so that the current ripple value of the output current is within the first current ripple range during the first mode of operation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the current ripple comprises adjusting at least one of a variable capacitance of the switching converter, a variable inductance of the switching converter, an on time period of the switching converter, an off time period of the switching converter, a maximum output current threshold, and a minimum output current threshold.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the current ripple comprises adjusting at least one of a maximum output current threshold and a minimum output current threshold.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein adjusting the current ripple further comprises adjusting a switching off time.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the current ripple and the switching frequency are inversely related.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising operating as a buck converter to step an input voltage down to an output voltage.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the current ripple value of the output current comprises adjusting a maximum output current threshold.

8. A switching converter comprising:

a controller configured to;

generate an output current with a current ripple; and

generate a switching signal, the switching signal switching between a high state and a low state with a switching frequency and a switching period, the switching period being one over the switching frequency, wherein generating the switching signal comprises;

maintaining an output current of the switching converter having a substantially constant average value during a first mode of operation,

determining a switching frequency value of the switching converter during the first mode of operation,

comparing the switching frequency value to a first frequency range during the first mode of operation, wherein the first frequency range comprises a lower frequency limit and a higher frequency limit, the higher frequency limit being higher than the lower frequency limit,

if the switching frequency value is below the lower frequency limit or above the higher frequency limit, adjusting the current ripple of the output current in order to adjust the switching frequency to be above the lower frequency limit and below the higher frequency limit during the first mode of operation, wherein the current ripple is determined as a difference between a maximum current peak and a minimum current peak during a switching cycle of the switching signal, wherein the switching cycle has a duration of the switching period of the switching signal

determining a current ripple value of the output current during the first mode of operation as a difference between a maximum current peak and a minimum current peak during a switching cycle of the switching signal, wherein the switching cycle has a duration of the switching period of the switching signal,

comparing the determined current ripple value of the output current to a first current ripple range during the first mode of operation, wherein the first current ripple range comprises a lower current limit and a higher current limit, the higher current limit being higher than the lower current limit, and

if the determined current ripple value is outside the first current ripple range, adjusting the current ripple value to be within the first current ripple range during the first mode of operation.

9. The switching converter of claim 8, wherein adjusting the current ripple comprises adjusting at least one of a maximum output current threshold and a minimum output current threshold.

10. The switching converter of claim 9, wherein adjusting the current ripple further comprises adjusting a switching off time.

11. The switching converter of claim 8, wherein the current ripple and the switching frequency are inversely related.

12. The switching converter of claim 8, wherein the switching converter comprises a buck converter.

13. The switching converter of claim 8, further comprising a load configured to receive the output current, wherein the load comprises a light emitting diode (LED).

14. The switching converter of claim 13, wherein the load comprises a plurality of LEDs.

15. The switching converter of claim 8, wherein

maintaining the output current of the switching converter comprises turning on and off a switch;

and

adjusting the current ripple value comprises;

opening the switch by asserting a first signal when the output current reaches a first threshold,

enabling a first timer when the output current reaches a first threshold,

closing the switch when the first timer counts to a predetermined first time.

16. The switching converter of claim 15, wherein

the determining the switching frequency comprises measuring a time with a second timer receiving the first signal, and

the controller is further configured to vary the first threshold based on switching frequency.

17. A switching converter comprising:

a switching unit configured to be coupled to an energy storage element;

an average current controller coupled to the switching unit and configured to maintain an output current to the energy storage element having a substantially constant average value; and

a frequency ripple controller coupled to the switching unit and configured to;

determine a switching frequency of the switching converter,

compare the switching frequency of the switching converter to a first frequency range, wherein the first frequency range comprises a lower frequency limit and a higher frequency limit, the higher frequency limit being higher than the lower frequency limit,

determine a current ripple value of the output current from the switching converter, wherein the current ripple value as a difference between a maximum current peak and a minimum current peak during a switching cycle of the switching converter, wherein the switching cycle has a duration of a switching period, the switching period being one over the switching frequency, and

adjust the current ripple value and the switching frequency if either the current ripple value is outside of a first current ripple range or the switching frequency is below the lower frequency limit or above the higher frequency limit.

18. The switching converter of claim 17, further comprising the energy storage element, wherein the energy storage element comprises an inductor configured to conduct the output current to a load.

19. The switching converter of claim 18, wherein the load comprises a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs).

20. The switching converter of claim 17, wherein adjusting the current ripple value and the switching frequency comprises adjusting at least one of a maximum output current threshold, a minimum output current threshold, an on time for the switching unit, and an off time for the switching unit.

21. The switching converter of claim 17, wherein

the average current controller is configured to maintain the output current to the energy storage element having a substantially constant average value during a primary mode of operation;

and

the frequency ripple controller is configured to;

determine the switching frequency of the switching converter during the primary mode of operation,

determine the current ripple value of the output current from the switching converter during the primary mode of operation, and

adjust the current ripple value and the switching frequency if either the current ripple value is outside of the first current ripple range or the switching frequency is outside the first frequency range during the primary mode of operation.