Power conversion apparatus with frequency operation change based on input voltage

• US 9,887,638 B2
• Filed: 02/24/2016
• Issued: 02/06/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Norimatsu, Yasuaki, Kanouda, Akihiko, Mabuchi, Yuuichi, Chida, Tadahiko, Ishigaki, Takuya, Shimada, Takae
• Primary Examiner(s): Torres-Rivera, Alex
• Application Number:
  US15/052,274
• Publication Number:
  US 20160254758A1
• Time in Patent Office: 713 Days
• Field of Search: 363 15, 363 16, 363 17, 363 20, 363 2102, 363 40, 363 41, 363 59, 363 60, 363 98, 363120, 363131, 363132, 323906
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/32 Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/335 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/458 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/4807 having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/487 Neutral point clamped inverters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/56 Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

If an input voltage of a DC/DC converter is lower than a first voltage value that is set in advance, a converter controller maintains an output voltage of the DC/DC converter within a first voltage range that is set in advance by changing an operation frequency of switching of the DC/DC converter in compliance with the input voltage as a first voltage maintaining control. If the input voltage is higher than a second voltage value that is higher than the first voltage value, the converter controller maintains the output voltage within a second voltage range that is higher than the first voltage range by changing the operation frequency in compliance with the input voltage as a second voltage maintaining control.

Claims

1. A power conversion apparatus comprising:

an LLC resonant type DC/DC converter that changes a voltage of DC power from a power supply;

an inverter that converts DC power from the DC/DC converter into AC power;

a converter controller that controls the DC/DC converter; and

an inverter controller that controls the inverter,

wherein if an input voltage of the DC/DC converter is lower than a first voltage value that is set in advance, the converter controller maintains an output voltage of the DC/DC converter within a first voltage range that is set in advance by changing an operation frequency of switching of the DC/DC converter in compliance with the input voltage as a first voltage maintaining control,

wherein if the input voltage is higher than a second voltage value that is higher than the first voltage value, the converter controller maintains the output voltage within a second voltage range that is higher than the first voltage range by changing the operation frequency in compliance with the input voltage as a second voltage maintaining control,

wherein the converter controller increases the operation frequency as the input voltage is increased in the first voltage maintaining control and increases the operation frequency as the input voltage is increased in the second voltage maintaining control,

wherein if the input voltage is higher than a third voltage value and is lower than a fourth voltage value, the converter controller uses;

(i) the third voltage value that is higher than the first voltage value and (ii) the fourth voltage value that is higher than the third voltage value and lower than the second voltage value, and maintains the output voltage within a third voltage range that is higher than the first voltage range and lower than the second voltage range by increasing the operation frequency as the input voltage is increased as a third voltage maintaining control,

wherein if the input voltage is equal to or greater than the first voltage value and is equal to or less than the third voltage value, the converter controller maintains the operation frequency within a second frequency range that is set in advance as a second frequency maintaining control, and

wherein if the input voltage is equal to or greater than the fourth voltage value and is equal to or less than the second voltage value, the converter controller maintains the operation frequency within a third frequency range that is higher than the second frequency range as a third frequency maintaining control.

2. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein if the input voltage is equal to or greater than the first voltage value and is equal to or less than the second voltage value, the converter controller increases the output voltage as the input voltage is increased by maintaining the operation frequency within a first frequency range that is set in advance as a first frequency maintaining control.

3. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 2,

wherein the converter controller increases the operation frequency as the input voltage is increased in the first frequency maintaining control, and

wherein for a change rate indicating a change in the operation frequency with respect to a change in the input voltage, a change rate in the first frequency maintaining control is smaller than change rates in the first voltage maintaining control and the second voltage maintaining control.

4. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 3,

wherein the inverter is a two-level inverter.

5. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein the converter controller increases the operation frequency as the input voltage is increased in the second frequency maintaining control and the third frequency maintaining control, and

wherein for a change rate indicating a change in the operation frequency with respect to a change in the input voltage, change rates in the second frequency maintaining control and the third frequency maintaining control are smaller than change rates in the first voltage maintaining control, the second voltage maintaining control, and the third voltage maintaining control.

6. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 5,

wherein the inverter is a three-level inverter.

7. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 6,

wherein the inverter controller switches the inverter between a three-level operation and a two-level operation in the third voltage maintaining control.

8. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein the converter controller maintains a duty ratio of a driving signal of the DC/DC converter within a duty ratio range that is set in advance.

9. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein the converter controller stops an output of the DC/DC converter by an over voltage protection (OVP) in the second voltage maintaining control.

10. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein the power supply is a solar power generation device;

and

wherein the converter controller performs a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with respect to the DC/DC converter,

wherein the first voltage value is equal to or less than a lower limit of a maximum power point voltage of the solar power generation device, and

wherein the second voltage value is equal to or greater than an upper limit of the maximum power point voltage.