Contactless power feeding apparatus and contactless power feeding system

• US 9,905,358 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2014
• Issued: 02/27/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Maxell, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Funai Electric Co., Ltd. (Funai Electric Holdings Company Limited)
• Inventors: Wakabayashi, Naoyuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Chang, Joseph
• Application Number:
  US14/526,605
• Publication Number:
  US 20150115731A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,217 Days
• Field of Search: 307104
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A contactless power feeding apparatus includes a power source portion, a power feeding coil, and a power feeding apparatus side control portion, and the power feeding apparatus side control portion is configured to perform feeding voltage control in order to control the feeding voltage value of the power source portion on the basis of a coupling coefficient such that power transmission efficiency to a power receiving apparatus including a power receiving coil is in the vicinity of a maximum.

Claims

1. A contactless power feeding apparatus comprising:

a power source portion capable of changing a feeding voltage value;

a power feeding coil generating a power feeding magnetic field by supply of an AC thereto from the power source portion;

a power feeding apparatus side control portion controlling the feeding voltage value of the power source portion; and

a communication portion communicating with a power receiving apparatus, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion that acquires a coupling coefficient between the power feeding coil and a power receiving coil provided outside, receiving electric power through the power feeding magnetic field of the power feeding coil, and performs feeding voltage control in order to control the feeding voltage value of the power source portion on the basis of the coupling coefficient; and

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of acquiring an inductance of the power receiving coil and a receiving AC voltage value that is a value of an AC voltage of the power receiving coil received through the power feeding magnetic field from the power receiving apparatus through the communication portion and calculating the coupling coefficient on the basis of the inductance and the receiving AC voltage value of the power receiving coil that are acquired, an inductance of the power feeding coil, and the feeding voltage value of the power source portion.

2. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs the feeding voltage control in order to control the feeding voltage value of the power source portion on the basis of the coupling coefficient that power transmission efficiency to a power receiving apparatus including the power receiving coil is in the vicinity of a maximum.

3. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion acquires a receiving DC voltage value that is a value of a DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC voltage of the power receiving coil and a load power value of the power receiving apparatus through the communication portion, and

the power feeding apparatus side control portion sets a target receiving voltage value of the receiving DC voltage value in a case where the power transmission efficiency is in the vicinity of the maximum on the basis of the load power value of the power receiving apparatus that is acquired, the coupling coefficient, and the receiving AC voltage value and performs the feeding voltage control wherein the receiving DC voltage value that is acquired becomes the target receiving voltage value that is set.

4. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of calculating load resistance in the case where the power transmission efficiency is in the vicinity of the maximum on the basis of the coupling coefficient, a resistance value of the power receiving coil, a quality factor of the power receiving coil, and a quality factor of the power feeding coil and setting the target receiving voltage value corresponding to the load resistance.

5. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of setting the target receiving voltage value corresponding to the load resistance, using a value of a square root of a value obtained by multiplying the load power value of the power receiving apparatus by the load resistance.

6. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of acquiring the receiving AC voltage value at a prescribed time interval.

7. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of calculating the coupling coefficient represented by k with a following formula (1), k=(V2/V1)·

√

{square root over (L1/L2)} . . . (1), setting an inductance of the power feeding coil to L1, an inductance of the power receiving coil to L2, the feeding voltage value of the power source portion to V1, and a receiving AC voltage value that is a value of an AC voltage of the power receiving coil to V2.

8. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 7, wherein

the formula (1) is derived from a following formula (2), M=k·

√

{square root over (L1×

L2)} . . . (2), used to calculate a mutual inductance M between the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil and a following formula (3),

9. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion is configured not to feed electric power when the coupling coefficient is smaller than a prescribed value.

10. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of acquiring model information about the power receiving apparatus through the communication portion and determining whether or not to start the feeding voltage control on the basis of the model information that is acquired.

11. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power source portion includes a resonance capacitor, a voltage variable AC-DC converter, and a switching circuit generating the AC by turning on/off a DC voltage from the voltage variable AC-DC converter at a resonance frequency of the power feeding coil and the resonance capacitor.

12. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 11, wherein

the resonance capacitor is connected in series to the power feeding coil.

13. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 11, wherein

the switching circuit comprises a half-bridge switching circuit including a gate drive circuit and two field effect transistors.

14. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 11, wherein

the switching circuit comprises a full-bridge switching circuit including a gate drive circuit and four field effect transistors.

15. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the power source portion includes a sine-wave generator and a variable amplifier.

16. A contactless power feeding apparatus comprising:

a power source portion capable of changing a feeding voltage value;

a power feeding coil generating a power feeding magnetic field by supply of an AC thereto from the power source portion; and

a power feeding apparatus side control portion controlling the feeding voltage value of the power source portion, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs feeding voltage control in order to control the feeding voltage value of the power source portion on the basis of a coupling coefficient between the power feeding coil and a power receiving coil provided outside, receiving electric power through the power feeding magnetic field of the power feeding coil wherein power transmission efficiency to a power receiving apparatus including the power receiving coil is in the vicinity of a maximum,

further comprising a communication portion communicating with the power receiving apparatus, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of acquiring an inductance of the power receiving coil and a receiving AC voltage value that is a value of an AC voltage of the power receiving coil received through the power feeding magnetic field from the power receiving apparatus through the communication portion and calculating the coupling coefficient on the basis of the inductance and the receiving AC voltage value of the power receiving coil that are acquired, an inductance of the power feeding coil, and the feeding voltage value of the power source portion.

17. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 16, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion acquires a receiving DC voltage value that is a value of a DC voltage obtained by rectifying the AC voltage of the power receiving coil and a load power value of the power receiving apparatus through the communication portion, and

the power feeding apparatus side control portion sets a target receiving voltage value of the receiving DC voltage value in a case where the power transmission efficiency is in the vicinity of the maximum on the basis of the load power value of the power receiving apparatus that is acquired, the coupling coefficient, and the receiving AC voltage value and performs the feeding voltage control wherein the receiving DC voltage value that is acquired becomes the target receiving voltage value that is set.

18. The contactless power feeding apparatus according to claim 17, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of calculating load resistance in the case where the power transmission efficiency is in the vicinity of the maximum on the basis of the coupling coefficient, a resistance value of the power receiving coil, a quality factor of the power receiving coil, and a quality factor of the power feeding coil and setting the target receiving voltage value corresponding to the load resistance.

19. A contactless power feeding apparatus comprising:

a power source portion capable of changing a feeding voltage value;

a power feeding coil generating a power feeding magnetic field by supply of an AC thereto from the power source portion; and

a power feeding apparatus side control portion controlling the feeding voltage value of the power source portion, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs feeding voltage control in order to control the feeding voltage value of the power source portion on the basis of a coupling coefficient between the power feeding coil and a power receiving coil provided outside, receiving electric power through the power feeding magnetic field of the power feeding coil wherein power transmission efficiency to a power receiving apparatus including the power receiving coil is in the vicinity of a maximum,

further comprising a communication portion communicating with the power receiving apparatus, wherein

the power feeding apparatus side control portion performs control of acquiring model information about the power receiving apparatus through the communication portion and determining whether or not to start the feeding voltage control on the basis of the model information that is acquired.