Identifying receivers in a wireless charging transmission field

• US 9,906,275 B2
• Filed: 09/15/2015
• Issued: 02/27/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/15/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Energous Corporation
• Original Assignee: Energous Corporation
• Inventors: Leabman, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): BARNIE, REXFORD N
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dhillon, Jagdeep
• Application Number:
  US14/854,820
• Publication Number:
  US 20170077995A1
• Time in Patent Office: 896 Days
• Field of Search: 307104, 307 80, 307 66, 307 64, 320109, 320108, 370208, 235375, 235439, 455509, 455507, 455511, 455524
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/402 the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/72 for local intradevice communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Abstract

Embodiments disclosed herein may generate and transmit power waves that, as result of their physical waveform characteristics (e.g., frequency, amplitude, phase, gain, direction), converge at a predetermined location in a transmission field to generate a pocket of energy. Receivers associated with an electronic device being powered by the wireless charging system, may extract energy from these pockets of energy and then convert that energy into usable electric power for the electronic device associated with a receiver. The pockets of energy may manifest as a three-dimensional field (e.g., transmission field) where energy may be harvested by a receiver positioned within or nearby the pocket of energy.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

transmitting, by a transmitter, to a plurality of segments of a transmission field sequentially, a respective exploratory power wave and a respective communications signal for each respective segment in the transmission field,

wherein each respective communications signal transmitted to each respective segment contains data indicating a respective segment to which a respective exploratory power wave is transmitted;

upon receiving a response message from a receiver at a first location within a first segment of the transmission field;

transmitting, by the transmitter, sequentially to one or more sub-segments of the first segment, a respective additional exploratory power wave and a respective additional communications signal, for each respective sub-segment in the first segment,

wherein the each respective additional communications signal transmitted to each respective sub-segment contains data indicating a respective sub-segment to which the a respective additional exploratory power wave is transmitted;

determining, by the transmitter, a set of one or more characteristics of one or more power waves to transmit to the receiver at the first location;

generating, by the transmitter, the one or more power waves having the one or more characteristics; and

identifying, by the transmitter, a rate of displacement of the receiver based upon a plurality of updated transmission responses indicating a plurality of new locations within the transmission field.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising transmitting, by the transmitter, the one or more power waves having the one or more characteristics to the first location.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising storing, by the transmitter, information identifying the one or more characteristics into a record of a mapping memory of a server that is communicatively coupled with the transmitter.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the data indicating to which respective segment the respective exploratory power wave is transmitted comprises one or more characteristics used to generate the respective exploratory power wave.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein a characteristic in the one or more characteristics used to generate the respective exploratory power wave is selected from the group consisting of:

a distance coordinate, a height coordinate, a lateral coordinate, an azimuth, an elevation, and a power level.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising identifying, by the transmitter, a displacement of the receiver to a second location based upon data contained within an updated transmission response.

7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising:

determining, by the transmitter, one or more updated characteristics of the one or more power waves based upon the displacement of the receiver; and

transmitting, by the transmitter, the one or more power waves having the updated characteristics to the second location.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising updating, by the transmitter, a database record associated with the receiver based upon the one or more updated characteristics.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

determining, by the transmitter, a second location of the receiver based upon the rate of displacement;

determining, by the transmitter, one or more updated characteristics of the one or more power waves based upon the second location of the receiver; and

transmitting, by the transmitter, the one or more power haves having the updated characteristics to the second location.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, upon the transmitter receiving a second response message from a second receiver at a second location within a second segment of the transmission field:

transmitting, by the transmitter, sequentially to one or more sub-segments of the second segment, a respective second additional exploratory power wave and a respective second additional communications signal, for each respective sub-segment in the second segment,

wherein each respective second additional communications signal transmitted to each respective sub-segment contains data indicating a respective sub-segment in the second segment to which a respective second additional exploratory power wave is transmitted;

determining, by the transmitter, a set of one or more characteristics of one or more power waves to transmit to the second receiver at the second location; and

transmitting, by the transmitter, to the second location in the sub-segment of the second segment, the one or more power waves having the one or more characteristics.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the transmitter comprises one or more antennas, a first subset of antennas configured to transmit one or more power waves to the first location in the transmission field, and a second subset of antennas configured to transmit the one or more power waves to the second location in the transmission field.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the transmitter further comprises a third subset of antennas configured to continuously transmit respective exploratory power waves to each respective segment of the transmission field.

13. A wireless charging system comprising:

a transmitter comprising;

an array of one or more antennas configured to transmit one or more power waves having one or more characteristics according to a transmitter processor;

a communications component configured to communicate one or more communications signals with one or more receivers according to the transmitter processor; and

the transmitter processor comprising instructions for the transmitter to;

transmit a plurality of segments of a transmission field sequentially, a respective exploratory power wave and a respective communications signal, for each respective segment in the transmission field,

wherein each respective communications signal transmitted to each respective segment contains data indicating a respective segment to which a respective exploratory power wave is transmitted;

upon receiving a response message from a receiver at a first location within a first segment of the transmission field, transmit sequentially to one or more sub-segments of the first segment, a respective additional exploratory power wave and a respective additional communications signal, for each respective sub-segment in the first segment, wherein each respective additional communications signal transmitted to each respective sub-segment contains data indicating a respective sub-segment to which a respective additional exploratory power wave is transmitted;

determine a set of one or more characteristics of one or more power waves to transmit to the receiver at the first location; and

generate the one or more power waves having the one or more characteristics.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transmitter to transmit the one or more power waves having the one or more characteristics to the first location.

15. The system according to claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transmitter to store information identifying the one or more characteristics into a record of a mapping memory of a server that is communicatively coupled with the transmitter.

16. The system according to claim 13, wherein the data indicating to which respective segment the respective exploratory power wave is transmitted comprises one or more characteristics used to generate the respective exploratory power wave, and

wherein a characteristic in the one or more characteristics used to generate the respective exploratory power wave is selected from the group consisting of:

a distance coordinate, a height coordinate, a lateral coordinate, an azimuth, an elevation, and a power level.

17. The system according to claim 13, wherein the transmitter processor is further configured to identify a displacement of the receiver to a second location based upon data contained within an updated transmission response received by the communications component of the transmitter.

18. The system according to claim 17, wherein the transmitter processor is further configured to determine one or more updated characteristics of the one or more power waves based upon the displacement of the receiver;

and

wherein the antenna array of the transmitter is further configured to transmit the one or more power waves having the updated characteristics to the second location.

19. The system according to claim 13, wherein, upon the communications component of the transmitter receiving a second response message from a second receiver at a second location within a second segment of the transmission field, the transmitter processor is further configured to:

sequentially transmit to one or more sub-segments of the second segment, a respective second additional exploratory power wave and a respective second additional communications signal, for each respective sub-segment in the second segment,

wherein each respective second additional communications signal transmitted to each respective sub-segment contains data indicating a respective sub-segment in the second segment to which a respective second additional exploratory power wave is transmitted;

determine a set of one or more characteristics of one or more power waves to transmit to the second receiver at the second location; and

transmit to the second location in the sub-segment of the second segment, the one or more power waves having the one or more characteristics.

20. A method comprising:

transmitting, by a transmitter, to a plurality of segments of the transmission field sequentially, a respective exploratory power wave and a respective communications signal for each respective segment in the transmission field,

wherein each respective communications signal transmitted to each respective segment contains data indicating a respective segment to which a respective exploratory power wave is transmitted, wherein the transmitter comprises;

an array of one or more antennas configured to transmit the respective exploratory power waves; and

a communications component configured to communicate the respective communications signals to one or more receivers; and

upon receiving a response message from a receiver at a first location within a first segment of the transmission field;

transmitting, by the transmitter, sequentially to one or more sub-segments of the first segment, a respective additional exploratory power wave and a respective additional communications signal, for each respective sub-segment in the first segment,

wherein each respective additional communications signal transmitted to each respective sub-segment contains data indicating a respective sub-segment to which a respective additional exploratory power wave is transmitted;

determining, by the transmitter, a set of one or more characteristics of one or more power waves to transmit to the receiver at the first location; and

generating, by the transmitter, the one or more power waves having the one or more characteristics.

21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising updating, by the transmitter, a mapping database comprising non-transitory machine-readable storage media configured to store one or more records of one or more receivers in the transmission field.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein determining, by the transmitter, the set of one or more characteristics of one or more power waves to transmit to the receiver at the first location is based upon a set of parameters received in the response message from the receiver.

23. The method according to claim 22, further comprising transmitting, by the transmitter, the one or more power waves to the receiver, whereby the one or more power waves converge constructively to form a pocket of energy at the first location.

24. The method according to claim 22, wherein each respective communications signal includes a respective power level indication associated with a respective exploratory power wave.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the receiver determines whether a received power level of the respective exploratory power wave, exceeds a threshold amount of energy for detecting the receiver.

26. The method according to claim 24, further comprising, determining, by the transmitter, whether a received power level of the respective exploratory wave, exceeds a threshold amount of energy for detecting the receiver based upon the response message from the receiver.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the transmitter identifies the receiver in a particular segment or sub-segment upon receiving the response message, the response message indicating that the received power level of the respective exploratory wave exceeds the threshold amount of energy for detecting the receiver.

28. The method according to claim 26, wherein the transmitter transmits the one or more power waves upon determining that the received power level of the respective exploratory wave exceeds the threshold amount of energy for detecting the receiver.