Method for controlling the ratio between supplied and drawn electric energy in an electric energy supply network

• US 9,912,153 B2
• Filed: 07/19/2012
• Issued: 03/06/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 07/19/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Easy Smart Grid GmbH
• Original Assignee: Easy Smart Grid GmbH
• Inventors: Walter, Thomas Joachim
• Primary Examiner(s): Fennema, Robert
• Assistant Examiner(s): Patel, Jigneshkumar
• Application Number:
  US14/415,901
• Publication Number:
  US 20150280434A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,056 Days
• Field of Search: 700295
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/042 using digital processors G05B19/05 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/2639 Energy management, use maximum of cheap power, keep peak load low
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/12 The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/38 Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Abstract

A method for controlling the ratio between injected and extracted electric energy in an electric energy supply grid with a number of grid participants, which are selected from a group including producers, consumers, and storage devices, with at least two of the group being included. A grid state variable is used as a control variable, the value of said variable depending on the ratio between inserted and extracted electric energy and being ascertainable from the grid by the grid participants. The invention is characterized in that a number of grid participants ascertain the grid state variable from the grid and use said variable at least indirectly to control the grid in a decentralized manner based on a respective specific grid participant behavior.

Claims

1. A method to control a ratio between electrical energy injected into and extracted from an electric energy supply grid with a number of participants, which include energy producers and consumers, comprising:

using a grid state variable as a control variable whose value depends on the ratio between the electrical energy injected and extracted, and which is determinable by the grid participants from the grid itself, and at least some of the grid participants determining the grid state variable in a decentralised way from the grid and use said grid state variable at least indirectly to control their own behaviour concerning the injection of electric energy into the electric grid, also at least some of the consumers determining said grid state variable in a decentralized way and use said grid state variable at least indirectly to control their own behaviour concerning the extraction of electric energy from the energy supply grid, coupling the grid state variable with a valuation variable such that the valuation variable has a base value if the ratio between electric energy injected into and extracted from the grid is optimal, and if said ratio deviates from said optimum, deviating the valuation variable from the base value such that in case of a surplus of electrical energy injected, injection of energy into the grid creates a malus value and extraction creates a bonus value, and, in case of a surplus energy extracted, injection of energy into the grid creates a bonus value and extraction creates a malus value, and the grid participants which control their own specific grid participation behaviour that depends on at least one of the grid state variable or the valuation variable, determining the grid state variable within certain intervals or continuously and using the grid state value to control their own specific participation behaviour, and using a specific algorithm which considers a specific time dependent demand function and includes predictions of likely future developments of the value of the valuation variable, the specific algorithm combining the specific time dependent demand function with the predictions such that at least one of as little malus or as many bonus values as possible are generated, for decentralized stabilizing of the electric energy supply grid;

the grid state variable having a range between maximum and minimum values, and splitting the range between a maximum and minimum value of the grid state variable into a certain number of sub ranges, and assigning a sub range value of the valuation variable to each of the sub ranges; and

the grid participants which control their own specific grid participation behaviour depending on at least one of the grid state variable or the valuation variable, using a priority algorithm to determine a current priority value which is equivalent to a sub range value of the valuation variable, and comparing said current priority value continuously or within certain intervals with the current sub range value and connecting to or disconnecting from the grid if the current priority value equals the current sub range value.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a variable price per electric energy unit is used as the valuation variable.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the demand function contains limit values and the specific grid participation behaviour changes when the limit values are reached.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising maintaining the grid state variable between the maximum and the minimum value by decentralized determination and control of the specific grid participation behaviour, and in case the grid state variable leaves the range between the maximum and the minimum values, taking central regulatory control measures to ensure the grid state variable stays within the desired range between maximum and minimum values.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the participants further include storage devices.

6. An electric energy supply grid with a number of participants which include producers and consumers, and with a grid state variable whose value depends on a ratio between electric energy injected and extracted, and which is determinable by grid users from the grid itself, where at least some of the producers are provided such that they determine the grid state variable in a decentralized way from the grid and at least indirectly use the grid state variable to control their own specific grid participation behaviour concerning the injection of electric energy into the grid, also at least some of the consumers are provided such that said consumers determine the grid state variable in a decentralized way from the grid and at least indirectly use the grid state variable to control their own specific grid participation behaviour concerning the extraction of electric energy from the grid, the grid state variable is coupled with a valuation variable such that the valuation variable assumes a base value when the ratio between electric energy injected and extracted is optimal, and if said ratio deviates from the optimum, the valuation variable also deviates from the base value such that, in case of surplus electric energy being injected, the injection of electric energy leads to generation of a malus value, and extraction to the generation of a bonus value, and in case of surplus electric energy being extracted, the injection of electric energy leads to the generation of a bonus value, and extraction to the generation of a malus value, the grid participants which control their own specific grid participation behaviour depending on at least one of the grid state variable or the valuation variable are provided such that the grid participants determine the grid state variable continuously or within certain intervals and use the grid state value to control of their own specific grid participation behaviour, and a specific algorithm is used which considers a specific time dependent demand function and includes predictions of likely future developments of the valuation variable, and the specific algorithm combines the specific time dependent demand function with the predictions such that at least one of a number of malus values is minimized or a number of bonus values is maximized, for decentralized stabilizing of the electric energy supply grid;

the grid state variable having a range between maximum and minimum values, and splitting the range between a maximum and minimum value of the grid state variable into a certain number of sub ranges, and assigning a sub range value of the valuation variable to each of the sub ranges; and

the grid participants which control their own specific grid participation behaviour depending on at least one of the grid state variable or the valuation variable, using a priority algorithm to determine a current priority value which is equivalent to a sub range value of the valuation variable, and comparing said current priority value continuously or within certain intervals with the current sub range value and connecting to or disconnecting from the grid if the current priority value equals the current sub range value.

7. An apparatus for participants of an electric energy supply grid according to claim 6 provided to extract energy from the grid, wherein said apparatus is programmed to determine the grid state variable within certain time intervals or continuously from the grid and is adapted to use the grid variable at least indirectly to control its own specific grid participation behaviour concerning the extraction of electric energy from the grid, using the specific algorithm which considers the specific time dependent demand function as well as the predictions of likely developments of the valuation variable, and the specific algorithm combines the specific time dependent demand function with the predictions of the valuation variable such that at least one of as few malus values or as many bonus values as possible are generated.

8. The apparatus for participants of an electric energy supply grid according to claim 7, wherein said apparatus includes the demand function that contains limit values and the specific grid participation behaviour changes when these are reached.

9. A control module for one or a group of equipment of participants of an electric energy supply grid according to claim 6.

10. An apparatus for participants of an electric energy supply grid with a number of participants which include producers and consumers, the electric energy supply grid having a grid state variable whose value depends on a ratio between electric energy injected and extracted, and which is determinable by grid users from the grid itself, where at least some of the producers are provided such that they determine the grid state variable in a decentralized way from the grid and at least indirectly use the grid state variable to control their own specific grid participation behaviour concerning the injection of electric energy into the grid, also at least some of the consumers are provided such that said consumers determine the grid state variable in a decentralized way from the grid and at least indirectly use the grid state variable to control their own specific grid participation behaviour concerning the extraction of electric energy from the grid, the grid state variable is coupled with a valuation variable such that the valuation variable assumes a base value when the ratio between electric energy injected and extracted is optimal, and if said ratio deviates from the optimum, the valuation variable also deviates from the base value such that, in case of surplus electric energy being injected, the injection of electric energy leads to generation of a malus value, and extraction to the generation of a bonus value, and in case of surplus electric energy being extracted, the injection of electric energy leads to the generation of a bonus value, and extraction to the generation of a malus value, the grid participants which control their own specific grid participation behaviour depending on at least one of the grid state variable or the valuation variable are provided such that the grid participants determine the grid state variable continuously or within certain intervals and use the grid state value to control of their own specific grid participation behaviour, and a specific algorithm is used which considers a specific time dependent demand function and includes predictions of likely future developments of the valuation variable, and the specific algorithm combines the specific time dependent demand function with the predictions such that at least one of a number of malus values is minimized or a number of bonus values is maximized;

said apparatus is programmed to determine the grid state variable within certain time intervals or continuously from the grid and is adapted to use the grid variable at least indirectly to control its own specific grid participation behaviour concerning the extraction of electric energy from the grid, using the specific algorithm which considers the specific time dependent demand function as well as the predictions of likely developments of the valuation variable, and the specific algorithm combines the specific time dependent demand function with the predictions of the valuation variable such that at least one of as few malus values or as many bonus values as possible are generated, said apparatus is further programmed with a priority algorithm adapted to determine a current priority value that is equivalent to a sub range value of the valuation variable, and compares said current priority value continuously or within certain intervals with the current sub range value, and connects to or disconnects from the grid if the current priority value and sub range value are equal.