Receivers for wireless power transmission

• US 9,912,199 B2
• Filed: 05/10/2013
• Issued: 03/06/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 07/06/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Energous Corporation
• Original Assignee: Energous Corporation
• Inventors: Leabman, Michael A., Brewer, Gregory Scott
• Primary Examiner(s): Henze-Gongola, David V
• Application Number:
  US13/891,399
• Publication Number:
  US 20140008992A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,761 Days
• Field of Search: 320108
• CPC Class Codes: A41B 1/08 Details
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 1/002 adapted to accommodate electronic equipment patients' garments for medical monitoring A41D13/1281; luminous ornaments A41D27/085
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 1/02 Jackets
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 13/0051 Heated garments heated divers' suits B63C11/28
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 13/0053 Cooled garments
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 19/0027 Measuring instruments, e.g. watch, thermometer
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 19/015 Protective gloves A41D19/0055 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A42B 1/008 with means for heating or cooling ventilating arrangements for head coverings A42C5/04
• CPC Class Codes: A43B 17/003 characterised by the material made of wood A43B17/12, made of sponge, rubber or plastic materials A43B17/14
• CPC Class Codes: A43B 17/04 with metal insertions or coverings
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/23 characterised by the type of transmitting antennas, e.g. directional array antennas or Yagi antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/27 characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/402 the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 : Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/38 : TPC being performed in particular situations

Abstract

The present invention may provide various electric receiver arrangements which may be used to provide wireless power transmission using suitable power transmission techniques such as pocket-forming. In some embodiments, receivers may include at least one antenna connected to at least one rectifier and one power converter. In other embodiments, receivers including a plurality of antennas, a plurality of rectifiers or a plurality of power converters may be provided. In addition, receivers may include communications components which may allow for communication to various electronic equipment including transmitters, phones, computers and others. Lastly, various implementation arrangements may be provided for including receivers in electronic devices.

Claims

1. A radio frequency (RF) receiver for receiving RF wireless power signals, comprising:

a plurality of RF antenna/rectifier sets each comprising;

a plurality of RF antenna elements configured to receive RF power waves from a remote power transmitter; and

only one RF rectifier connected to the plurality of RF antenna elements, the RF rectifier configured to rectify alternating current (AC) generated by the plurality of RF antenna elements to direct current (DC) voltage;

a single DC power converter connected to the plurality of RF antenna/rectifier sets, the single DC power converter configured to regulate the DC voltage for powering a portable electronic device or charging a battery coupled with the portable electronic device; and

a communications component configured to generate a communication RF signal identifying a tracking location of the RF receiver with respect to the remote power transmitter, wherein the remote power transmitter is configured to generate and transmit the RF power waves controlled through phase and relative amplitude to form constructive interference patterns of energy aimed at the tracking location for powering the portable electronic device or for charging the battery.

2. The RF receiver of claim 1, wherein the RF receiver is external hardware that is added to different electronic devices in the form of a case or is embedded within a housing of a respective electronic device of the different electronic devices.

3. The RF receiver of claim 1, wherein the plurality of RF antenna elements includes:

suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands similar to the bands of the remote power transmitter for 900 MHz, 2.5 GHz or 5.8 GHz, and

vertical or horizontal polarization, right hand or left hand polarization, elliptical polarization, or multiple polarizations.

4. The RF receiver of claim 1, wherein an RF antenna element of the plurality of RF antenna elements is a patch or dipole antenna made out of meta-materials with a height of approximately ⅛

th of an inch to 6 inches and a width of approximately ⅛

th of an inch to 6 inches, and the RF receiver further includes a processor to dynamically modify polarization of the RF antenna element polarization to optimize wireless power transmission to the portable electronic device.

5. The RF receiver of claim 1, wherein the only one RF rectifier includes diodes, resistors, inductors, or capacitors to rectify the AC voltage generated by the plurality of RF antenna elements to the DC voltage and wherein the only one RF rectifier is located closely adjacent to the plurality of RF antenna elements to minimize losses.

6. The RF receiver of claim 1, wherein the single DC power converter is a DC-DC converter configured to generate a constant voltage output, regardless of input, to the portable electronic device, or to the battery in voltage outputs from approximately 5 to 10 volts.

7. The RF receiver of claim 6, wherein the single DC power converter includes an electronic switch mode DC-DC converter to provide high efficiency including a capacitor to handle initial high inrush currents for the portable electronic device to protect the electronic switched mode DC-DC converter and to provide extra energy as required.

8. The RF receiver of claim 1, wherein the communications component communicates status information about the tracking location and power levels of the portable electronic device with the remote power transmitter or to other electronic equipment used to regulate power on the portable electronic device.

9. A method for receiving RF wireless power signals, comprising:

at a radio frequency (RF) receiver including a plurality of antenna/rectifier sets, a single direct current (DC) power converter connected to the plurality of antenna/rectifier sets, and a communications component, wherein the plurality of antenna/rectifier sets each comprises a plurality of RF antenna elements and only one RF rectifier connected to the plurality of RF antenna elements;

receiving, via the plurality of RF antenna elements, RF power waves from a remote power transmitter; and

rectifying, via the RF rectifier, alternating current (AC) generated by the plurality of RF antenna elements to DC voltage;

regulating, via the single DC power converter, the DC voltage for powering a portable electronic device directly or a charging a battery coupled with the portable electronic device; and

generating, via the communications component, a communication RF signal identifying a tracking location of the RF receiver with respect to the remote power transmitter, wherein the remote power transmitter is configured to generate and transmit the RF power waves controlled through phase and relative amplitude to form constructive interference patterns of energy aimed at the tracking location for powering the portable electronic device or for charging the battery.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the RF receiver is external hardware that is added to the portable electronic device in the form of a case or is embedded within a housing of the portable electronic device.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of RF antenna elements includes:

suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands similar to the bands of the remote power transmitter for 900 MHz, 2.5 GHz or 5.8 GHz, and

vertical or horizontal polarization, right hand or left hand polarization, elliptical polarization, or multiple polarizations.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein an RF antenna element of the plurality of RF antenna elements is a patch or dipole antenna made out of meta-materials with a height of approximately ⅛

th of an inch to 6 inches and a width of approximately ⅛

th of an inch to 6 inches, and the RF receiver further includes a processor to dynamically modify polarization of the antenna element to optimize wireless power transmission to the portable electronic device.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the only one RF rectifier includes diodes, resistors, inductors, or capacitors to rectify the AC voltage generated by the plurality of RF antenna elements to the DC voltage and wherein the only one RF rectifier is located closely adjacent to the plurality of RF antenna elements to minimize losses.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the single DC power converter is a DC-DC converter configured to generate a constant voltage output, regardless of input, to the portable electronic device, or to the battery in voltage outputs from approximately 5 to 10 volts.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the single DC power converter includes an electronic switch mode DC-DC converter to provide high efficiency including a capacitor to handle initial high inrush currents for the portable electronic device to protect the electronic switched mode DC-DC converter and to provide extra energy as required.

16. The method of claim 9, wherein the communications component communicates status information about the tracking location and power levels of the portable electronic device with the remote power transmitter or to other electronic equipment used to regulate power on portable the electronic device.