Method and system for geophysical modeling of subsurface volumes based on label propagation
First Claim
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1. A method of converting data into a subsurface model comprising:
- obtaining a data volume associated with a subsurface volume, wherein the data volume has a plurality of traces and each of the plurality of traces includes a plurality of samples;
forming a vector volume from the data volume, using a computer, wherein each sample within one or more of the traces in the data volume is assigned a vector representing one or more of dip, azimuth and confidence;
using the computer, generating a labeled volume based on the vector volume by propagating labels from at least one initial trace, wherein each of the samples is associated with one of the labels, wherein the generating the labeled volume includes,selecting a first trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume,assigning first labels to samples within the selected first trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the first labels,propagating the first labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned first labels, the vectors and a first propagation pattern to create a first labeled volume,selecting a second trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume,assigning second labels to samples within the selected second trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the second labels,propagating the second labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned second labels, the vectors and a second propagation pattern to create a second labeled volume, andcombining the first labeled volume and the second labeled volume into the labeled volume;
one or more of storing the labeled volume in memory accessible by a computer system and displaying the labeled volume on a display accessible by the computer system; and
using the labeled volume to generate a subsurface model.
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Abstract
Method and system are described for generating a stratigraphic model of a subsurface volume. Measured geophysical data are converted into a vector volume (106) by assigning to each sample in each trace in the data volume a vector representing dip, azimuth or confidence. Then a labeled volume is generated from the vector volume by assigning a label to each sample in an initial trace (1006), then selecting a propagation pattern (1008) and propagating the labels to other traces (1010). Horizons can be extracted (110) from the labeled volume, and utilized to enhance the process of producing hydrocarbons (114).
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Citations
34 Claims
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1. A method of converting data into a subsurface model comprising:
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obtaining a data volume associated with a subsurface volume, wherein the data volume has a plurality of traces and each of the plurality of traces includes a plurality of samples; forming a vector volume from the data volume, using a computer, wherein each sample within one or more of the traces in the data volume is assigned a vector representing one or more of dip, azimuth and confidence; using the computer, generating a labeled volume based on the vector volume by propagating labels from at least one initial trace, wherein each of the samples is associated with one of the labels, wherein the generating the labeled volume includes, selecting a first trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume, assigning first labels to samples within the selected first trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the first labels, propagating the first labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned first labels, the vectors and a first propagation pattern to create a first labeled volume, selecting a second trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume, assigning second labels to samples within the selected second trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the second labels, propagating the second labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned second labels, the vectors and a second propagation pattern to create a second labeled volume, and combining the first labeled volume and the second labeled volume into the labeled volume; one or more of storing the labeled volume in memory accessible by a computer system and displaying the labeled volume on a display accessible by the computer system; and using the labeled volume to generate a subsurface model. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of converting data into a subsurface model comprising:
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obtaining a data volume associated with a subsurface volume, wherein the data volume has a plurality of traces and each of the plurality of traces includes a plurality of samples; forming a vector volume from the data volume, using a computer, wherein each sample within one or more of the traces in the data volume is assigned a vector representing one or more of dip, azimuth and confidence; using the computer, generating a labeled volume based on the vector volume by propagating labels from at least one initial trace, wherein each of the samples is associated with one of the labels, wherein the generating the labeled volume includes, selecting one of the plurality of traces within a data volume, selecting one or more labels for a surface location in the data volume, assigning labels to samples within the one of the plurality of traces in the data volume, and propagating the labels to at least one trace in the labeled volume based on the assigned labels for the samples and the vectors, wherein the propagation includes storing in memory the surface location for the selected label and for each trace that has been processed discarding the labels; one or more of storing the labeled volume in memory accessible by a computer system and displaying the labeled volume on a display accessible by the computer system; and using the labeled volume to generate a subsurface model. - View Dependent Claims (19)
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20. A method of producing hydrocarbons comprising:
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utilizing a labeled volume to determine the location of hydrocarbons, wherein the labeled volume is created by; obtaining a data volume associated with a subsurface volume having hydrocarbons, wherein the data volume has a plurality of traces and each of the plurality of traces include a plurality of samples; forming a vector volume from the data volume, wherein the each sample within one or more traces is assigned a vector representing one or more of dip, azimuth and confidence; generating the labeled volume based on the vector volume by propagating labels from at least one initial trace, wherein each sample is associated with a label, wherein the generating the labeled volume includes, selecting a first trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume, assigning first labels to samples within the selected first trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the first labels, propagating the first labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned first labels, the vectors and a first propagation pattern to create a first labeled volume, selecting a second trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume, assigning second labels to samples within the selected second trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the second labels, propagating the second labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned second labels, the vectors and a second propagation pattern to create a second labeled volume, and combining the first labeled volume and the second labeled volume into the labeled volume; identifying a potential hydrocarbon reservoir from the labeled volume; drilling a well to access the hydrocarbons; and producing the hydrocarbons from the well.
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21. A system for converting data into a subsurface model comprising:
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a processor; a tangible, non-transitory machine-readable storage medium that stores a set of instructions for execution by the processor, wherein the set of instructions are configured to; obtain a data volume associated with a subsurface volume, wherein the data volume has a plurality of traces and each of the plurality of traces include a plurality of samples; form a vector volume from the data volume, wherein the each data sample within one or more traces is assigned a vector representing one or more of dip, azimuth and confidence; generate a labeled volume based on the vector volume by propagating labels from at least one initial trace, wherein each sample is associated with a label, wherein the generate the labeled volume includes, select a first trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume, assign first labels to samples within the selected first trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the first labels, propagate the first labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned first labels, the vectors and a first propagation pattern to create a first labeled volume, select a second trace from the plurality of traces within the data volume, assign second labels to samples within the selected second trace, wherein each sample is associated with one of the second labels, propagate the second labels to samples in at least one of the plurality of traces based on the assigned second labels, the vectors and a second propagation pattern to create a second labeled volume, and combine the first labeled volume and the second labeled volume into the labeled volume; provide access to one or more of store the labeled volume in memory accessible by the processor and display the labeled volume on a display; and use the labeled volume to generate a subsurface model. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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Specification