Systems and methods for moving and circulating fluid to treat Alzheimer's disease

• US 9,919,138 B2
• Filed: 08/01/2016
• Issued: 03/20/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ecole polytechnique fãdãrale de lausanne epfl (Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft)
• Original Assignee: Ecole polytechnique fãdãrale de lausanne epfl (Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft)
• Inventors: Lenihan, Tim, Meadows, Bruce
• Primary Examiner(s): Wiest, Philip R
• Application Number:
  US15/225,640
• Publication Number:
  US 20160339216A1
• Time in Patent Office: 596 Days
• Field of Search: 604 8- 10
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0464 Cerebrospinal fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/0693 Brain, cerebrum
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/10 Trunk
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/1017 Peritoneal cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/1021 Abdominal cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/1085 Bladder
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 27/006 Cerebrospinal drainage; Accessories therefor, e.g. valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 39/24 Check- or non-return valves

Abstract

A system for the treatment of Alzheimer'"'"'s disease is provided by moving cerebrospinal fluid containing particles know to contribute to onset of Alzheimer'"'"'s disease from a source of cerebrospinal fluid to the stomach or bladder, where the particles are safely digested by gastric acid or excreted, the system including an implantable pump, an inlet catheter, an outlet catheter, and a one-way valve. The system further includes at least one filter to filter harmful particles from the cerebrospinal fluid and return the filtered cerebrospinal fluid back to the source of cerebrospinal fluid, where the harmful particles blocked by the filter may be rinsed off the filter and transported to the stomach or bladder.

Claims

1. A system for treating a neurodegenerative disorder of a patient, the system comprising:

an implantable pump;

an inlet catheter in fluid communication with a biological source of cerebrospinal fluid and the implantable pump;

a filter in fluid communication with the implantable pump, the filter configured to block deleterious particles in the cerebrospinal fluid from the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid associated with the neurodegenerative disorder;

a return catheter in fluid communication with the filter and a different area in the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid; and

a reservoir in fluid communication with the filter, the reservoir configured to hold a fluid configured to wash the filter,

wherein the implantable pump is configured to pump the cerebrospinal fluid from the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid through the inlet catheter, through the filter to form filtered cerebrospinal fluid, and through the return catheter such that the filtered cerebrospinal fluid returns to the different area in the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid, and

wherein the fluid contained in the reservoir may wash the deleterious particles off of the filter and transport the deleterious particles through an outlet catheter such that the deleterious particles enter a stomach or bladder of the patient through the outlet catheter.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising an outlet catheter in fluid communication with the implantable pump and a stomach or bladder of the patient.

3. The system of claim 2, further comprising:

a one-way valve disposed between the inlet catheter and the outlet catheter, the one-way valve configured to permit cerebrospinal fluid to flow in only one direction.

4. The system of claim 2, further comprising a bacterial filter disposed between the inlet catheter and the outlet catheter.

5. The system of claim 2, further comprising an ultraviolet light module disposed between the inlet catheter and the outlet catheter and configured to irradiate fluid passing through the outlet catheter.

6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a microcontroller that controls operation of the implantable pump.

7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a pressure sensor disposed in communication with the inlet catheter to monitor pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the inlet catheter, wherein the microcontroller activates the implantable pump responsive to an output of the pressure sensor.

8. The system of claim 6, further comprising a flow sensor disposed in communication with the inlet catheter to monitor at least one of volume and flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid passing through the inlet catheter, wherein the microcontroller controls the implantable pump responsive to an output of the flow sensor.

9. The system of claim 6, wherein the microcontroller includes a clock, and further is programmed to activate the implantable pump periodically responsive to the clock to pump a predetermined amount of cerebrospinal fluid from the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid.

10. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

a battery coupled to the implantable pump; and

an implantable inductive charging circuit coupled to the battery.

11. The system of claim 10, further comprising an extracorporeal controller, the controller including an inductive energy transmission circuit configured to transmit energy to the implantable inductive charging circuit.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the microcontroller is coupled to a first transceiver and the controller is coupled to a second transceiver, and the first and second transceivers communicate information relating to at least one of operation of the implantable pump and status of the system.

13. The system of claim 1, further comprising a valve in fluid communication with the implantable pump, the filter, and the reservoir, wherein the valve is configured to permit transport of cerebrospinal fluid from the implantable pump to at least one of the filter and the reservoir.

16. The system of claim 1, further comprising a coarse filter disposed between the implantable pump and the filter, the coarse filter configured to block particles larger than the deleterious particles in the cerebrospinal fluid from the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid associated with the neurodegenerative disorder and transport the coarse filtered cerebrospinal fluid to the filter,

wherein the coarse filter is in fluid communication with the reservoir and the return catheter such that the fluid contained in the reservoir may wash the particles larger than the deleterious particles off the coarse filter and transport the particles to the return catheter for returning to the different area in the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid.

17. The system of claim 16, further comprising a valve in fluid communication with the reservoir, the coarse filter, and the filter, wherein the valve is configured to transport the fluid contained in the reservoir to at least one of the coarse filter or the filter.

14. A system for treating a neurodegenerative disorder of a patient, the system comprising:

an implantable pump;

an inlet catheter in fluid communication with a biological source of cerebrospinal fluid and the implantable pump;

a filter in fluid communication with the implantable pump, the filter configured to block deleterious particles in the cerebrospinal fluid from the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid associated with the neurodegenerative disorder;

a return catheter in fluid communication with the filter and a different area in the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid;

a reservoir in fluid communication with the filter, the reservoir configured to hold a fluid configured to wash the filter; and

a valve in fluid communication with the implantable pump, the filter, and the reservoir, wherein the valve is configured to permit transport of cerebrospinal fluid from the implantable pump to at least one of the filter and the reservoir,

wherein the implantable pump is configured to pump the cerebrospinal fluid from the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid through the inlet catheter, through the filter to form filtered cerebrospinal fluid, and through the return catheter such that the filtered cerebrospinal fluid returns to the different area in the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the fluid contained in the reservoir may wash the deleterious particles off of the filter and transport the deleterious particles through an outlet catheter such that the deleterious particles enter a stomach or bladder of the patient through the outlet catheter.

18. A method for treating a neurodegenerative disorder of a patient, the method comprising:

activating an implantable pump to pump cerebrospinal fluid from a biological source of cerebrospinal fluid within a patient through an inlet catheter in fluid communication with the implantable pump;

filtering the cerebrospinal fluid via a filter in fluid communication with the implantable pump to form filtered cerebrospinal fluid, the filter configured to block deleterious particles in the cerebrospinal fluid associated with the neurodegenerative disorder;

returning the filtered cerebrospinal fluid to a different area in the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid via a return catheter in fluid communication with the filter;

rinsing the filter with fluid stored in a reservoir in fluid communication with the filter; and

transporting the fluid rinsing the filter to at least one of the patient'"'"'s stomach or bladder via an outlet catheter in fluid communication the filter.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

providing a battery coupled to the implantable pump, the battery further coupled to an implantable inductive charging circuit;

providing an extracorporeal controller, the controller including an inductive energy transmission circuit configured to transmit energy to the implantable inductive charging circuit; and

transmitting energy to the implantable inductive charging circuit via the controller to power the implantable pump.

20. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

filtering the cerebrospinal fluid via a coarse filter in fluid communication with the implantable pump and the filter prior to filtering the cerebrospinal fluid via the filter, the coarse filter configured to block particles larger than the deleterious particles in the cerebrospinal fluid associated with the neurodegenerative disorder; and

transporting the coarse filtered cerebrospinal fluid to the filter.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

rinsing the coarse filter with the fluid stored in the reservoir; and

transporting the fluid rinsing the coarse filter to the return catheter for returning to the different area in the biological source of cerebrospinal fluid.