Rotating multi-monolith bed movement system for removing CO2 from the atmosphere

• US 9,925,488 B2
• Filed: 12/31/2014
• Issued: 03/27/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Global Thermostat Operations LLC
• Original Assignee: Graciela Chichilnisky
• Inventors: Eisenberger, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Jones, Christopher P
• Application Number:
  US14/587,716
• Publication Number:
  US 20150273385A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,182 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/204 Amines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/104 Alumina
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/106 Silica or silicates
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/202 Polymeric adsorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/25 Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/342 Monoliths
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4009 using hot gas
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4067 using ten beds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/65 Employing advanced heat integration, e.g. Pinch technology
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/06 with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds B01D53/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/08 according to the "moving bed" method
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3204 Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/327 Polymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2

Abstract

A system for removing carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide laden gas mixture, the system comprising two groups of carbon dioxide removal structures, each removal structure within each group comprising a porous solid mass substrate supported on the structure and a sorbent that is capable of adsorbing or binding to carbon dioxide, to remove carbon dioxide from a gas mixture, the sorbent being supported upon the surfaces of the porous mass substrate solid; an endless loop support for each of the groups of the removal structures, the endless loop support being so arranged as to move the support structures of each group along a closed curve while being exposed to a stream of the gas mixture; and a sealable regeneration box at one location along each of the endless loop supports, in which, when a porous solid mass substrate is sealed in place therein, carbon dioxide adsorbed upon the sorbent is stripped from the sorbent and the sorbent regenerated; each removal structural supporting a porous substrate in a position to be exposed to a flow of carbon dioxide laden gas mixture so as to allow for the removal of CO₂ from the gas mixture; the number of removal structures to the number of regeneration boxes being directly determined by the ratio of the time to adsorb CO₂, from a base level to desired level on the sorbent, to the time to strip the CO₂ from the desired level back to the base level.

Claims

1. A system for removing carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide laden gas mixture, the system comprising two groups of individual carbon dioxide removal structures, each individual removal structure within each group comprising a porous solid substrate supported on the removal structure, each porous substrate having a sorbent supported upon its surfaces, the sorbent being capable of adsorbing or binding to carbon dioxide, to remove carbon dioxide from a gas mixture;

a closed loop support for each of the groups of the removal structures, the closed loop supports being so arranged as to permit movement of the individual removal structures of each group along the closed loop and a sealable regeneration box at one location along each of the closed loop supports, into which a removal structure can be sealably placed, such that when a removal structure is sealed in place therein, carbon dioxide sorbed upon the sorbent is stripped from the sorbent and captured, and the sorbent regenerated;

the sealable regeneration box further comprising a sealable conduit connecting the regeneration box to a source of process steam, and a conduit connecting to an exhaust pump for removing gases from the regeneration box;

each of the removal structures supporting the porous substrates in a position along the closed loop support outside of the regeneration box such that at least one major surface of the substrate is being exposed to a stream of the carbon dioxide laden gas mixture and the opposed major surface of the substrate is being directly exposed to the atmosphere;

such that when the sorbent is exposed to a flow of carbon dioxide laden gas mixture it allows for the removal of CO₂ from the gas mixture;

the number of removal structures to the number of regeneration boxes being directly determined by the ratio of the adsorption time (for removing CO₂ from the gas mixture) to the regeneration time (for stripping CO₂ from the sorbent on the porous substrate), the adsorption time being the time to adsorb, on the sorbent, CO₂ from a gas mixture from a base level to a desired level on the sorbent, and the regeneration time being the time to strip the CO₂ from the desired level back to the base level on the sorbent.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the two groups of carbon dioxide removal structures comprises one regeneration box and between five and ten removal structures.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the regeneration boxes and the removal structures further comprise interacting fluid seals, such that fluid-tight seals are formed when a removal structure is held within the regeneration box.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a sealable fluid connection between each regeneration box and an exhaust pump for reducing the atmospheric pressure within the sealed regeneration box after a removal structure is sealed within the regeneration box.

5. The system of claim 4, further comprising a sealable fluid connection between each of the regeneration boxes, and a source of process heat steam for each regeneration box;

and a sealable fluid connection between each regeneration box and a CO₂ collection chamber.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the regeneration box for each group of carbon dioxide removal structures is located at a vertically different level than the removal structures further comprising elevating apparatus for vertically moving a carbon dioxide removal structure into and out of a sealable position within a regeneration box.

7. The system of claim 2, further comprising fans drawing in ambient air for admixture with a high concentration CO₂ gas mixture to create a flow of a carbon dioxide laden gas mixture through each of the removal structures in order to allow the sorbent to adsorb the CO₂ from the gas mixture.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a sealable fluid conduit between the two regeneration boxes, and wherein the rotational movement of each of the two groups of carbon dioxide removal structures is off-set such that a carbon dioxide removal structure enters one of the regeneration boxes after the regeneration of a carbon dioxide removal structure in the other regeneration box has started.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein the fans are stationary and located at positions radially inwardly of the endless loop support such that when one of the carbon dioxide removal structures in the group of carbon dioxide removal structure is within the regeneration box for that group, each of the other carbon dioxide removal structures is in a sealed position with one of the fans to receive the flow of carbon dioxide-laden gas mixture.

10. The system of claim 7, wherein the fans are located radially inwardly of the closed curve track, and are each attached to one of the carbon dioxide removal structures so as to move around the enclosed curve with its carbon dioxide removal structure.