Systems and methods for detecting driver phone operation using device position and orientation data

• US 9,936,358 B2
• Filed: 06/25/2015
• Issued: 04/03/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 06/25/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Rutgers University, Stevens Institute Of Technology
• Original Assignee: Rutgers University, Stevens Institute Of Technology
• Inventors: Gruteser, Marco, Martin, Richard P., Chen, Yingying, Wang, Yan
• Primary Examiner(s): MEHRA, INDER P
• Application Number:
  US14/751,086
• Publication Number:
  US 20150382156A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,013 Days
• Field of Search: 4554563, 4554561, 455419, 455574
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/166 Mechanical, construction or arrangement details of inertial navigation systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/021 Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/026 using orientation information, e.g. compass
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/027 using movement velocity, acceleration information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/40 for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/44 for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]

Abstract

A method for determining the position in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor may include receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device; receiving, at the microprocessor, a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle; and determining, using the microprocessor, the position of the first device in the vehicle by comparing the first set of inertial data with the second set of inertial data.

Claims

1. A method for determining the position in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor, the method comprising:

receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

receiving, at the microprocessor, a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle; and

determining, using the microprocessor, the position of the first device in the vehicle based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data, wherein determining the position of the first device comprises detecting whether the first device is located on a driver side or a passenger side of the vehicle;

wherein the reference device in the vehicle is one of the following;

a device fixed at a reference point in the vehicle;

a device connected to an on-board diagnostics system;

a component of the vehicle;

a second device within the vehicle;

or

a second device at an unknown position;

wherein the device fixed at the reference point is a cigarette lighter adapter configured to transmit data to the microprocessor.

2. A method for determining the position in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor, the method comprising:

receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

receiving, at the microprocessor, a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle; and

determining, using the microprocessor, the position of the first device in the vehicle based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data, wherein determining the position of the first device comprises detecting whether the first device is located on a driver side or a passenger side of the vehicle;

wherein the first set of inertial data comprises a one or a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device associated with the vehicle making at least one turn, and the second set of inertial data comprises one or a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device associated with the vehicle making the at least one turn;

wherein determining the position of the first device based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data comprises;

determining whether the vehicle is making a right turn or a left turn; and

processing the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device and the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device for the at least one turn to determine whether the whether a cumulative difference between the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device and the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device is positive or negative.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising determining that the first device is on a driver side of the vehicle:

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a right turn and the cumulative difference is positive;

or

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a left turn and the cumulative difference is negative.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising estimating a centripetal acceleration of a reference point in the vehicle using the reference device located at a point other than the reference point within the vehicle, wherein the reference point is at a central location in the vehicle.

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising determining that the first device is on a passenger side of the vehicle:

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a right turn and the cumulative difference is negative;

or

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a left turn and the cumulative difference is positive.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising estimating a centripetal acceleration of a reference point in the vehicle using the reference device located at a point other than the reference point within the vehicle, wherein the reference point is at a central location in the vehicle.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein processing the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device and the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device for the at least one turn comprises performing at least one of the following:

noise filtering, trace synchronization, or acceleration adjustment.

8. A method for determining the position in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor, the method comprising:

receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

receiving, at the microprocessor, a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle;

determining, using the microprocessor, the position of the first device in the vehicle based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data, wherein determining the position of the first device comprises detecting whether the first device is located on a driver side or a passenger side of the vehicle; and

processing inertial data from a plurality of turns to improve accuracy of determining the position of the first device;

wherein the first set of inertial data comprises a one or a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device associated with the vehicle making at least one turn, and the second set of inertial data comprises one or a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device associated with the vehicle making the at least one turn.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising performing a majority voting process for the plurality of turns.

10. A system for determining the position of a first device in a vehicle, the system comprising:

a non-transitory, computer readable memory;

one or more processors; and

a computer-readable medium containing programming instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the system to;

receive a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

receive a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle; and

determine the position of the first device in the vehicle based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data, wherein determining the position of the first device comprises detecting whether the first device is located on a driver side or a passenger side of the vehicle;

wherein the first set of inertial data comprises a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device associated with the vehicle making at least one turn, and the second set of inertial data comprises a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device associated with the vehicle making the at least one turn.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein programming instructions that when executed cause the system to determine the position of the first device by comparing the first set of inertial data with the second set of inertial data comprise programming instructions to:

determine whether the vehicle is making a right turn or a left turn; and

process the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device and the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device for the at least one turn to determine whether the whether a cumulative difference between the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device and the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device is positive or negative.

12. The system of claim 11, further comprising programming instructions that when executed cause the system to determine that the first device is located on a driver side of the vehicle:

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a right turn and the cumulative difference is positive;

or

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a left turn and the cumulative difference is negative.

13. The system of claim 11, further comprising programming instructions that when executed cause the system to determine that the first device is located on a passenger side of the vehicle:

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a right turn and the cumulative difference is negative;

or

if it is determined that the vehicle is making a left turn and the cumulative difference is positive.

14. A method for estimating an orientation in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor, the method comprising:

receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device; and

processing, at the microprocessor, the first set of inertial data to determine the orientation of the first device with respect to the vehicle along one or more axes, wherein determining the orientation comprises;

estimating a gravity vector from the first set of inertial data,

estimating a moving vector of the vehicle from the first set of inertial data, and

applying a right hand vector rule to determine the orientation.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein estimating the gravity vector comprises estimating a gravity acceleration from the first set of inertial data, and normalizing the gravity acceleration to generate the gravity vector.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein estimating the gravity vector further comprises using a smoothing filter over a plurality of acceleration data in the first set of inertial data.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein estimating the moving vector of the vehicle comprises using a gyroscope sensor of the first device to determine whether or not the vehicle is driving in a straight line.

18. The method of claim 14, further comprising using the orientation to translate the first inertial data into a coordinate system of the vehicle.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising using the translated inertial data to determine at least one of the following:

a centripetal acceleration of the vehicle, or a longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle.

20. A method for translating orientation-dependent sensor measurements from a device of unknown orientation inside a vehicle into a vehicle coordinate frame, the method comprising:

receiving a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

estimating a gravity vector from the first set of inertial data;

estimating a moving vector of the vehicle from the first set of inertial data; and

using the gravity vector and the moving vector to translate said sensor measurements into a vehicle coordinate frame.

21. A method for determining the position in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor, the method comprising:

receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

receiving, at the microprocessor, a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle, wherein the reference device disposed within the vehicle is a cigarette lighter adapter fixed at a reference point and configured to transmit data to the microprocessor; and

determining, using the microprocessor, the position of the first device in the vehicle based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data.

22. A method for determining the position in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor, the method comprising:

receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

receiving, at the microprocessor, a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle; and

determining, using the microprocessor, the position of the first device in the vehicle based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data, wherein;

the first set of inertial data comprises one or a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device associated with the vehicle making at least one turn, and the second set of inertial data comprises a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device associated with the vehicle making the at least one turn, and

wherein determining the position of the first device based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data comprises;

determining whether the vehicle is making a right turn or a left turn, and

processing the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device and the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device for the at least one turn to determine whether the whether a cumulative difference between the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device and the plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device is positive or negative.

23. A system for determining the position of a first device in a vehicle, the system comprising:

a non-transitory, computer readable memory;

one or more processors; and

a computer-readable medium containing programming instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the system to;

receive a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

receive a second set of inertial data from at least one sensor of a reference device disposed within the vehicle; and

determine the position of the first device in the vehicle based on at least one difference between the first set of inertial data and the second set of inertial data,

wherein the first set of inertial data comprises a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the first device associated with the vehicle making at least one turn, and the second set of inertial data comprises a plurality of centripetal accelerations of the reference device associated with the vehicle making the at least one turn.

24. A method for estimating an orientation in a vehicle of a first device in communication with a microprocessor, the method comprising:

receiving, at the microprocessor, a first set of inertial data from at least one sensor of the first device;

processing, at the microprocessor, the first set of inertial data to determine the orientation of the first device with respect to the vehicle along one or more axes;

using the orientation to translate the first inertial data into a coordinate system of the vehicle; and

using the translated inertial data to determine at least one of the following;

a centripetal acceleration of the vehicle, or a longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle.