Battery charging system and charging method using same

• US 9,937,805 B2
• Filed: 06/05/2013
• Issued: 04/10/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LG Energy Solution Limited (LG Corporation)
• Original Assignee: LG Chem Limited (LG Corporation)
• Inventors: Lee, Sun Jong
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhanu, Samuel
• Assistant Examiner(s): RANKINE, TARIKH KANEM
• Application Number:
  US13/910,223
• Publication Number:
  US 20130264995A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,770 Days
• Field of Search: 320103-105, 320107
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/16 by display
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/20 Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

Disclosed are a battery charging system and method. The battery charging system according to the present invention includes a first connector connected to both ends of a battery of a charging providing car; a second connector connected to both ends of a battery of a charging target car; a converter configured to convert a voltage transmitted from the battery of the charging providing car through the first connector and transmit the converted voltage to the battery of the charging target car through the second connector; and a controller connected to each of a battery management system (BMS) of the charging providing car and a BMS of the charging target car to control a voltage conversion ratio of the converter based on a state information on each of the batteries transmitted from each of the BMSs.

Claims

1. A battery charging system comprising:

a first connector connected to both ends of a battery of a charge providing car;

a second connector connected to both ends of a battery of a charging target car;

a converter connected between the first connector and the second connector and configured to convert a voltage transmitted from the battery of the charge providing car through the first connector and transmit the converted voltage to the battery of the charging target car through the second connector;

a controller configured to control an electrical connection of the first connector and the second connector and connected to each of a battery management system (BMS) of the charge providing car and a BMS of the charging target car to control a voltage conversion ratio of the converter based on battery state information on the batteries transmitted from the BMSs of the charge providing car and the charging target car, respectively,

wherein the first connector comprises;

a first positive electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a positive electrode of the battery of the charge providing car,

a positive electrode of a relay unit of the charge providing car connected between the positive electrode of the battery of the charge providing car and a positive electrode of a motor of the charge providing car, wherein the positive electrode of the battery of the charge providing car is indirectly connected to the positive electrode of the motor of the charge providing car via a positive electrode of a direct current-alternating current (DC-AC) inverter of the charge providing car, and

a positive electrode of an input terminal of the converter;

a first negative electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a negative electrode of the battery of the charge providing car,

a negative electrode of a relay unit of the charge providing car connected between the negative electrode of the battery of the charge providing car and a negative electrode of the motor of the charge providing car, wherein the negative electrode of the battery of the charge providing car is indirectly connected to the negative electrode of the motor of the charge providing car via a negative electrode of the DC-AC inverter of the charge providing car, and

a negative electrode of the input terminal of the converter; and

a first precharge unit connected to the first positive electrode relay in parallel, the first precharge unit including a first precharge relay and a first precharge resistor connected to the first precharge relay in series;

a first capacitive element connected to the input terminal of the converter in parallel, and connected between the converter and the first connector that includes the first positive and first negative electrode relays, both of the first connector and the first capacitive element being connected in parallel with both of the battery and the motor of the charge providing car,

wherein the second connector comprises;

a second positive electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a positive electrode of the battery of the charging target car,

a positive electrode of a relay unit of the charging target car connected between the positive electrode of the battery of the charging target car and a positive electrode of a motor of the charging target car, wherein the positive electrode of the battery of the charging target car is indirectly connected to the positive electrode of the motor of the charging target car via a positive electrode of a DC-AC inverter of the charging target car, and

a positive electrode of an output terminal of the converter;

a second negative electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a negative electrode of the battery of the charging target car,

a negative electrode of a relay unit of the charging target car connected between the negative electrode of the battery of the charging target car and a negative electrode of the motor of the charging target car, wherein the negative electrode of the battery of the charging target car is indirectly connected to the negative electrode of the motor of the charging target car via a negative electrode of the DC-AC inverter of the charging target car, and

a negative electrode of the output terminal of the converter; and

a second precharge unit connected to the second positive electrode relay in parallel, the second precharge unit including a second precharge relay and a second precharge resistor connected to the second precharge relay in series;

a second capacitive element connected to the output terminal of the converter in parallel, and connected between the converter and the second connector that includes the second positive and second negative electrode relays, both of the second connector and the second capacitive element being connected in parallel with both of the battery and the motor of the charging target car; and

a display unit connected to the controller and configured to;

display a transmitted power quantity provided to the battery of the charging target car from the battery of the charge providing car, and

display, in real time, a power rate calculated based on the transmitted power quantity,

wherein the first connector, the second connector, the converter, the controller, the first precharge unit, the first capacitive element, the second precharge unit, the second capacitive element, and the display unit are all included in the battery charging system, which is a single system connected to, and separate from, the charge providing car and charging target car.

2. The battery charging system according to claim 1, wherein the controller performs an input side precharge of charging a predetermined voltage in the first capacitive element by opening the first positive electrode relay to disconnect a connection and closing the first negative electrode relay and the first precharge relay when the first connector is connected to the battery of the charge providing car, and performs power transmission to the converter from the battery of the charge providing car by closing the first positive electrode relay and opening the first precharge relay when the input side precharge is completed.

3. The battery charging system according to claim 1, wherein the controller performs an output side precharge of charging a predetermined voltage in the second capacitive element by opening the second positive electrode relay to disconnect a connection and closing the second negative electrode relay and the second precharge relay when the second connector is connected to the battery of the charging target car, and performs power transmission to the battery of the charging target car from the converter by closing the second positive electrode relay and opening the second precharge relay when the output side precharge is completed.

4. The battery charging system according to claim 1, wherein the state information on the battery of the charge providing car transmitted from the BMS of the charge providing car contains at least one of energy transmittable from the BMS of the charge providing car, a maximum instantaneous output power allowance, an output voltage of the battery of the charge providing car, and a power quantity transmitted from the battery of the charge providing car.

5. The battery charging system according to claim 1, wherein the state information on the battery of the charging target car transmitted from the BMS of the charging target car contains at least one of energy receivable from the BMS of the charging target car, a maximum instantaneous input power allowance, an input voltage of the battery of the charging target car, and a power quantity transmitted to the battery of the charging target car.

6. The battery charging system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a power meter connected to the converter and configured to measure a transmitted power quantity provided to the battery of the charging target car from the battery of the charging providing car.

7. The battery charging system according to claim 6, wherein the controller receives the transmitted power quantity from the power meter and calculates a rate based on the transmitted power quantity.

8. The battery charging system according to claim 7, further comprising:

a display unit connected to the controller,

wherein the display unit displays the transmitted power quantity and/or information on the rate.

19. The battery charging system according to claim 1, wherein the state information on the battery of the charge providing car transmitted from the BMS of the charge providing car includes each of energy transmittable from the BMS of the charge providing car, a maximum instantaneous output power allowance, an output voltage of the battery of the charge providing car, and a power quantity transmitted from the battery of the charge providing car, and

wherein the state information on the battery of the charging target car transmitted from the BMS of the charging target car includes each of energy receivable from the BMS of the charging target car, a maximum instantaneous input power allowance, an input voltage of the battery of the charging target car, and a power quantity transmitted to the battery of the charging target car.

20. The battery charging system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a display unit connected to the controller; and

a power meter connected to the converter and configured to measure a transmitted power quantity provided to the battery of the charging target car from the battery of the charge providing car,

wherein the controller is further configured to receive the transmitted power quantity from the power meter, and calculate a power rate based on the transmitted power quantity,

wherein the display unit is configured to display the transmitted power quantity and the calculated power rate in real time, and

wherein the controller is further configured to;

compare a power quantity and charging amount selected by a user to the transmitted power quantity and calculated power rate when charging of the battery of the charging target car is initiated and determine whether the charging is completed based on the compared power quantity and selected charging amount,

continue, when the transmitted power quantity and calculated power rate are lower than the power quantity and charging amount selected by the user, the charging of the battery of the charging target car, and

stop, when the transmitted power quantity and calculated power rate are equal to the power quantity and charging amount selected by the user, the charging of the battery of the charging target car.

9. A battery charging method comprising:

providing, in a first connector, a first positive electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a positive electrode of a battery of a providing car,

a positive electrode of a relay unit of the charge providing car connected between the positive electrode of the battery of the charge providing car and a positive electrode of a motor of the charge providing car, wherein the positive electrode of the battery of the charge providing car is indirectly connected to the positive electrode of the motor of the charge providing car via a positive electrode of a direct current-alternating current (DC-AC) inverter of the charge providing car, and

a positive electrode of an input terminal of a converter;

providing, in the first connector, a first negative electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a negative electrode of the battery of the providing car,

a negative electrode of a relay unit of the charge providing car connected between the negative electrode of the battery of the charge providing car and a negative electrode of the motor of the charge providing car, wherein the negative electrode of the battery of the charge providing car is indirectly connected to the negative electrode of the motor of the charge providing car via a negative electrode of the DC-AC inverter of the charge providing car, and

a negative electrode of the input terminal of a converter;

providing, in the first connector, a first precharge unit including a first precharge relay and a first precharge resistor, the first precharge unit connected to the first positive electrode relay in parallel, the first precharge resistor connected to the first precharge relay in series;

providing a first capacitive element connected to the input terminal of the converter in parallel, and connected between the converter and the first connector that includes the first positive and first negative electrode relays, both of the first connector and the first capacitive element being connected in parallel with both of the battery and the motor of the charge providing car;

providing, in a second connector, a second positive electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a positive electrode of a battery of a charging target car,

a positive electrode of a relay unit of the charging target car connected between the positive electrode of the battery of the charging target car and a positive electrode of a motor of the charging target car, wherein the positive electrode of the battery of the charging target car is indirectly connected to the positive electrode of the motor of the charging target car via a positive electrode of a DC-AC inverter of the charging target car, and

a positive electrode of an output terminal of the converter;

providing, in the second connector, a second negative electrode relay configured to connect all of;

a negative electrode of the battery of the charging target car,

a negative electrode of a relay unit of the charging target car connected between the negative electrode of the battery of the charging target car and a negative electrode of the motor of the charging target car, wherein the negative electrode of the battery of the charging target car is indirectly connected to the negative electrode of the motor of the charging target car via a negative electrode of the DC-AC inverter of the charging target car, and

a negative electrode of the output terminal of the converter;

providing, in the second connector, a second precharge unit including a second precharge relay and a second precharge resistor, the second precharge unit connected to the second positive electrode relay in parallel, the second precharge resistor connected to the second precharge relay in series in the battery charging system;

providing a second capacitive element connected to the output terminal of the converter in parallel, and connected between the converter and the second connector that includes the second positive and second negative electrode relays, both of the second connector and the second capacitive element being connected in parallel with both of the battery and the motor of the charging target car; and

providing a display unit connected to a controller and configured to;

display a transmitted power quantity provided to the battery of the charging target car from the battery of the charge providing car, and

display, in real time, a power rate calculated based on the transmitted power quantity,

receiving battery state information on the battery of the charge providing car and the battery the charging target car from a battery management system (BMS) of the charge providing car and a BMS of the charging target car, respectively;

performing an input side precharge by connecting the first precharge relay with the first precharge resistor;

performing an output side precharge by connecting the second precharge relay with the second precharge resistor;

after the input side precharge ends, transmitting power to the input terminal of the converter from the battery of the charge providing car by disconnecting a connection of the first precharge relay and closing the first positive electrode relay;

after the output side precharge ends, transmitting power to the battery of the charging target car from the output terminal of the converter by disconnecting a connection of the second precharge relay and closing the second positive electrode relay; and

controlling a voltage conversion ratio of the converter based on the battery state information on the batteries transmitted from the BMSs of the charge providing car and the charging target car, respectively, and charging the battery of the charging target car, by the controller,

wherein the first connector, the second connector, the converter, the controller, the first precharge unit, the first capacitive element, the second precharge unit, the second capacitive element, and the display unit are all included in the battery charging system, which is a single system connected to, and separate from, the charge providing car and charging target car.

10. The battery charging method according to claim 9, wherein the battery state information received from the BMS of the charge providing car by the controller contains information on at least one of energy transmittable from the BMS of the charge providing car, a maximum instantaneous output power allowance, an output voltage of the battery of the charge providing car, and a power quantity transmitted from the battery of the charge providing car.

11. The battery charging method according to claim 9, wherein the battery state information received from the BMS of the charging target car by the controller contains information on at least one of receivable energy, a maximum instantaneous input power allowance, an input voltage of the battery of the charging target car, and a power quantity transmitted to the battery of the charging target car.

12. The battery charging method according to claim 9, further comprising:

measuring a transmitted power quantity provided to the battery of the charging target car through the converter.

13. The battery charging method according to claim 12, further comprising:

calculating a power rate based on the transmitted power quantity.

14. The battery charging method according to claim 13, further comprising:

displaying information on the transmitted power quantity and/or the power rate.

15. The battery charging method according to claim 14, further comprising:

receiving the transmitted power quantity and/or the power rate before charging is initiated in order to select the transmitted power quantity and/or the power rate in advance.

16. The battery charging method according to claim 9, further comprising:

disconnecting a connection of the first positive electrode relay, the first negative electrode relay, the second positive electrode relay and the second negative electrode relay when a charging for the battery of the charging target car is completed.

17. The battery charging method according to claim 9, further comprising:

making a request for stopping power transmission/reception to the BMS of the charge providing car and the BMS of the charging target car when a charging for the battery of the charging target car is completed.

18. The battery charging method according to claim 9, further comprising:

making a request for electrically separating the battery of the charging target car from the inverter and a request for electrically separating the battery of the charge providing car from the inverter.