Radiation measuring systems and methods thereof

• US 9,939,319 B2
• Filed: 07/05/2017
• Issued: 04/10/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 07/05/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Arable Labs, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Arable Labs, Inc.
• Inventors: Wolf, Lawrence Adam, Siegfried, Benjamin Joseph
• Primary Examiner(s): DECENZO, SHAWN H
• Application Number:
  US15/642,150
• Publication Number:
  US 20180010963A1
• Time in Patent Office: 279 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0271 Housings; Attachments or accessories for photometers
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0474 Diffusers cavities G01J2001/0481
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2001/4266 for measuring solar light
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2001/4285 Pyranometer, i.e. integrating over space
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0205 Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0264 Electrical interface; User interface
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0286 Constructional arrangements for compensating for fluctuations caused by temperature, humidity or pressure, or using cooling or temperature stabilization of parts of the device; Controlling the atmosphere inside a spectrometer, e.g. vacuum
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0291 Housings; Spectrometer accessories; Spatial arrangement of elements, e.g. folded path arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0294 Multi-channel spectroscopy
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0297 Constructional arrangements for removing other types of optical noise or for performing calibration
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/457 Correlation spectrometry, e.g. of the intensity G01J3/453 takes precedence

Abstract

A radiation measuring device for measuring electromagnetic radiation originating from an external source. The radiation measuring device includes, a spectrometer, a pyranometer, a pyrgeometer, a diffuser, and a control unit. The spectrometer and a pyranometer are positioned in a sensor zone of a housing of the radiation measuring device. The spectrometer measures visible shortwave radiation and near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the sensor zone. The pyranometer measures shortwave radiation received at the sensor zone. The pyrgeometer is positioned in another sensor zone of the housing and measures longwave radiation received at the other sensor zone. The control unit receives radiation measurements from the spectrometer, pyranometer, and pyrgeometer. A corrected amount of radiation received at the sensor zones of the radiation measuring device is determined from the received radiation measurements. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Claims

1. A radiation measuring device, comprising:

a housing having a top side and a bottom side, the top side of the housing defines a first recess and a second recess, the first recess is positioned adjacent to the second recess and defines a first sensor zone of the housing and the second recess defines a second sensor zone of the housing;

a spectrometer positioned in the first sensor zone within the first recess, the spectrometer configured to measure visible shortwave radiation and near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a pyranometer positioned in the first sensor zone within the first recess, the pyranometer configured to measure shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a pyrgeometer positioned in the second sensor zone within the second recess, the pyrgeometer configured to measure longwave radiation received at the second sensor zone;

a first diffuser positioned in the first sensor zone and covering the first recess, the spectrometer, and the pyranometer, the first diffuser configured to scatter the visible shortwave radiation and the near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a second diffuser positioned in the second sensor zone and covering the second recess and the pyrgeometer, the second diffuser is different from the first diffuser; and

a control unit electrically coupled to the spectrometer, the pyranometer, and the pyrgeometer, the control unit configured to receive measurements from the spectrometer, the pyranometer, and the pyrgeometer.

2. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, wherein the first diffuser comprises a polycarbonate material or an acrylic material.

3. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, wherein the first diffuser and the second diffuser comprise thermoplastic materials.

4. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, wherein the second diffuser comprises a polyethylene material.

5. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, further comprising communication circuity in electrical communication with the control unit, the communication circuity configured for outbound communication of the measurements received from the spectrometer, the pyranometer, and the pyrgeometer.

6. The radiation measuring device of claim 5, further comprising a location sensor electrically coupled to the control unit, the location sensor is configured to generate location data indicative of a physical location of the radiation measuring device;

and

wherein the communication circuity is further configured for outbound communication of the location data of the radiation measuring device.

7. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, further comprising an orientation sensor configured to determine levelness of the first sensor zone and the second sensor zone.

8. The radiation measuring device of claim 7, wherein the orientation sensor is selected from a group consisting of a bubble level, a magnetometer, and a combination thereof.

9. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, wherein the spectrometer is configured to measure radiation within a water absorption band.

10. The radiation measuring device of claim 9, wherein the radiation within the water absorption band has a wavelength centered at about 950 nm or about 1450 nm.

11. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, wherein the spectrometer is further configured to generate voltages indicative of the measured visible shortwave radiation and near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

wherein the pyranometer is further configured to generate a voltage indicative of the measured shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

wherein the pyrgeometer is further configured to generate a voltage indicative of the measured longwave radiation received at the second sensor zone; and

wherein the control unit is configured to receive the voltages from the spectrometer, the voltage from the pyranometer, and the voltage from the pyrgeometer.

12. The radiation measuring device of claim 1, wherein the pyranometer is configured to measure any of the visible shortwave radiation and the near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone.

13. A radiation measuring device, comprising:

a housing comprising;

a top side defining a first recess and a second recess positioned in a first orientation relative to the housing, the first recess is positioned adjacent to the second recess and defines a first sensor zone of the housing and the second recess defines a second sensor zone of the housing, and

a bottom side defining a third recess and a fourth recess positioned in a second orientation relative to the housing, the third recess is positioned adjacent to the fourth recess and defines a third sensor zone of the housing and the fourth recess defines a fourth sensor zone of the housing;

a first spectrometer positioned in the first sensor zone within the first recess, the first spectrometer configured to measure visible shortwave radiation and near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a first pyranometer positioned in the first sensor zone within the first recess, the first pyranometer configured to measure shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a first pyrgeometer positioned in the second sensor zone within the second recess, the first pyrgeometer configured to measure longwave radiation received at the second sensor zone;

a first diffuser positioned in the first sensor zone and covering the first recess, the first spectrometer, and the first pyranometer, the first diffuser configured to scatter the visible shortwave radiation and the near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a second diffuser positioned in the second sensor zone and covering the second recess and the first pyrgeometer, the second diffuser is different from the first diffuser;

a second spectrometer positioned in the third sensor zone within the third recess, the second spectrometer configured to measure visible shortwave radiation and near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the third sensor zone;

a second pyranometer positioned in the third sensor zone within the third recess, the second pyranometer configured to measure shortwave radiation received at the third sensor zone;

a second pyrgeometer positioned in the fourth sensor zone within the fourth recess, the second pyrgeometer configured to measure longwave radiation received at the fourth sensor zone;

a third diffuser positioned in the third sensor zone and covering the third recess, the second spectrometer, and the second pyranometer, the third diffuser configured to scatter the visible shortwave radiation and the near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the third sensor zone;

a fourth diffuser positioned in the fourth sensor zone and covering the fourth recess and the second pyrgeometer, the fourth diffuser is different from the third diffuser;

a control unit electrically coupled to the first spectrometer, the first pyranometer, the first pyrgeometer, the second spectrometer, the second pyranometer, and the second pyrgeometer, the control unit configured to receive measurements from the first spectrometer, the first pyranometer, the first pyrgeometer, the second spectrometer, the second pyranometer, and the second pyrgeometer.

14. The radiation measuring device of claim 13, wherein the second orientation is substantially opposite the first orientation.

15. The radiation measuring device of claim 13, wherein the first sensor zone and the second sensor zone are configured to receive downwelling radiation;

and

wherein the third sensor zone and the fourth sensor zone are configured to receive upwelling radiation.

16. The radiation measuring device of claim 13, wherein the first diffuser, the second diffuser, the third diffuser, and the fourth diffuser comprise thermoplastic materials.

17. The radiation measuring device of claim 13, further comprising an orientation sensor configured to determine levelness of the first sensor zone, the second sensor zone, the third sensor zone, and the fourth sensor zone.

18. The radiation measuring device of claim 13, wherein the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer are configured to measure radiation within a water absorption band.

19. The radiation measuring device of claim 13, wherein the first spectrometer is further configured to generate voltages indicative of the measured visible shortwave radiation and the measured near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

wherein the first pyranometer is further configured to generate a voltage indicative of the measured shortwave radiation received at the first sensor zone;

wherein the first pyrgeometer is further configured to generate a voltage indicative of the measured longwave radiation received at the second sensor zone;

wherein the second spectrometer is further configured to generate voltages indicative of the measured visible shortwave radiation and the measured near-infrared shortwave radiation received at the third sensor zone;

wherein the second pyranometer is further configured to generate a voltage indicative of the measured shortwave radiation received at the third sensor zone;

wherein the second pyrgeometer is further configured to generate a voltage indicative of the measured longwave radiation received at the fourth sensor zone;

wherein the control unit is configured to receive the voltages from the first spectrometer, the voltage from the first pyranometer, the voltage from the first pyrgeometer, the voltages from the second spectrometer, the voltage from the second pyranometer, and the voltage from the second pyrgeometer.

20. A system for collecting and analyzing radiation measurements, the system comprising:

a radiation measuring device, comprising;

a housing comprising;

a top side defining a first recess and a second recess positioned in a first orientation relative to the housing, the first recess is positioned adjacent to the second recess and defines a first sensor zone of the housing and the second recess defines a second sensor zone of the housing, the first sensor zone and the second sensor zone configured to receive downwelling radiation, and

a bottom side defining a third recess and a fourth recess positioned in a second orientation relative to the housing, the third recess is positioned adjacent to the fourth recess and defines a third sensor zone of the housing and the fourth recess defines a fourth sensor zone of the housing, the third sensor zone and the fourth sensor zone configured to receive upwelling radiation;

a first spectrometer positioned in the first sensor zone within the first recess, the first spectrometer configured to measure visible shortwave downwelling radiation and near-infrared shortwave downwelling radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a first pyranometer positioned in the first sensor zone within the first recess, the first pyranometer configured to measure shortwave downwelling radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a first pyrgeometer positioned in the second sensor zone within the second recess, the first pyrgeometer configured to measure longwave downwelling radiation received at the second sensor zone;

a first diffuser positioned in the first sensor zone and covering the first recess, the first spectrometer, and the first pyranometer, the first diffuser configured to scatter the visible shortwave downwelling radiation and the near-infrared shortwave downwelling radiation received at the first sensor zone;

a second diffuser positioned in the second sensor zone and covering the second recess and the first pyrgeometer, the second diffuser is different from the first diffuser;

a second spectrometer positioned in the third sensor zone within the third recess, the second spectrometer configured to measure visible shortwave upwelling radiation and near-infrared shortwave upwelling radiation received at the third sensor zone;

a second pyranometer positioned in the third sensor zone within the third recess, the second pyranometer configured to measure shortwave upwelling radiation received at the third sensor zone;

a second pyrgeometer positioned in the fourth sensor zone within the fourth recess, the second pyrgeometer configured to measure longwave upwelling radiation received at the fourth sensor zone;

a third diffuser positioned in the third sensor zone and covering the third recess, the second spectrometer, and the second pyranometer, the third diffuser configured to scatter the visible shortwave upwelling radiation and the near-infrared shortwave upwelling radiation received at the third sensor zone;

a fourth diffuser positioned in the fourth sensor zone and covering the fourth recess and the second pyrgeometer, the fourth diffuser is different from the third diffuser;

a control unit electrically coupled to the first spectrometer, the first pyranometer, the first pyrgeometer, the second spectrometer, the second pyranometer, and the second pyrgeometer, the control unit configured to receive measurement data generated by each of the first spectrometer, the first pyranometer, the first pyrgeometer, the second spectrometer, the second pyranometer, and the second pyrgeometer;

a radiation analysis device comprising a processor executing instructions stored in memory, wherein the instructions cause the processor of the radiation analysis device to;

receive, from the radiation measuring device, the measurement data generated by each of the first spectrometer, the first pyranometer, the first pyrgeometer, the second spectrometer, the second pyranometer, and the second pyrgeometer;

determine an amount of downwelling radiation received at the first sensor zone and the second sensor zone; and

determine an amount of upwelling radiation received at the third sensor zone and the fourth sensor zone.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein the instructions of the radiation analysis device further cause the processor of the radiation analysis device to determine a ratio of hemispherical upwelling radiation to hemispherical downwelling radiation in at least one spectral band based at least in part on the determined amount of the upwelling radiation and the determined amount of the downwelling radiation.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the radiation measuring device further comprises one or more sensors configured to measure radiation in a spectral band selected from a group consisting of a blue spectral band, a green spectral band, a yellow spectral band, a red spectral band, a red edge spectral band, and a near-infrared spectral band.

23. The system of claim 21, wherein the instructions of the radiation analysis device further cause the processor of the radiation analysis device to:

retrieve one or more reference measurement correction factors from a data store, each of the one or more reference measurement correction factors corresponds to a different one of the first spectrometer, the first pyranometer, the first pyrgeometer, the second spectrometer, the second pyranometer, and the second pyrgeometer;

correct the received measurement data generated by one or more of the first spectrometer, the first pyranometer, the first pyrgeometer, the second spectrometer, the second pyranometer, and the second pyrgeometer based at least in part on the corresponding reference measurement correction factor; and

wherein to determine the amount of downwelling radiation and the amount of upwelling radiation comprises to determine the amount of downwelling radiation and the amount of upwelling radiation based on the corrected measurement data.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the radiation measuring device further comprises a location sensor electrically coupled to the control unit, the location sensor is configured to generate location data indicative of a physical location of the radiation measuring device;

and

wherein the instructions of the radiation analysis device further cause the processor of the radiation analysis device to;

receive the location data from the radiation measuring device;

determine a solar position based at least in part on the received location data; and

determine an amount of direct radiation and an amount of diffuse radiation based at least in part on a measured amount of solar radiation and a potential amount of solar radiation, wherein the measured amount of solar radiation is based at least in part on the determined amount of upwelling radiation and the determined amount of downwelling radiation, and the potential amount of solar radiation is based at least in part on the determined solar position.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the instructions of the radiation analysis device further cause the processor of the radiation analysis device to determine one or more indices selected from a group consisting of a Photochemical Reflectance Index, a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, a Chlorophyll Index, and combinations thereof.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein one or more of the first spectrometer, the second spectrometer, the first pyranometer, and the second pyranometer are configured to measure radiation comprising wavelengths centered at about 530 nm and about 570 nm for determination of the Photochemical Reflectance Index, wavelengths centered at about 650 nm and about 850 nm for determination of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and wavelengths centered at about 725 nm and about 850 nm for determination of the Chlorophyll Index.