Systems, apparatus and methods for quantifying and identifying diversion of electrical energy
First Claim
1. A method for identifying and locating non-technical losses in an electric utility power distribution inventory zone, the inventory zone comprising a plurality of nodes including at least one metered distribution node and at least two metered consumer nodes, the method comprising:
- obtaining inventory zone load profile data;
obtaining consumer load profile data for the consumer nodes;
determining bypass diversion factors for the consumer nodes and aggregate tap loads for the inventory zone that;
solve a system of load balance equations for the inventory zone having known values corresponding to the inventory zone load profile data and to the consumer load profile data and having slack variables representing the aggregate tap loads, in which the known values corresponding to the consumer load profile data are scaled by the bypass diversion factors; and
minimize an objective function whose value is positively related to the sum of the slack variables representing the aggregate tap loads;
identifying a bypass diversion factor of at least two as a bypass theft and locating the bypass theft based on a location of the consumer node corresponding to that bypass diversion factor; and
,cutting power to the consumer node corresponding to the bypass theft.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Systems, apparatus and methods for quantifying and identifying diversion of electrical energy are provided. Bypass and tap diversions may be identified in an electric utility power distribution inventory zone having both bypass and tap diversions. Bypass diversion factors for consumer nodes in an inventory zone are determined by finding a solution to a system of load balance equations having slack variables representing aggregate tap loads for the inventory zone and in which consumer load profile data is scaled by the bypass diversion factors, which solution minimizes an objective function whose value is positively related to the sum of the slack variables representing the aggregate tap loads. Tap loads are correlated with nodes in an inventory zone by solving a first system of power flow equations not having variables representing tap loads, and then solving a second system of power flow equations having variables representing tap loads using an iterative numerical solution technique initialized based on the solution to the first system of power flow equations.
20 Citations
25 Claims
-
1. A method for identifying and locating non-technical losses in an electric utility power distribution inventory zone, the inventory zone comprising a plurality of nodes including at least one metered distribution node and at least two metered consumer nodes, the method comprising:
-
obtaining inventory zone load profile data; obtaining consumer load profile data for the consumer nodes; determining bypass diversion factors for the consumer nodes and aggregate tap loads for the inventory zone that; solve a system of load balance equations for the inventory zone having known values corresponding to the inventory zone load profile data and to the consumer load profile data and having slack variables representing the aggregate tap loads, in which the known values corresponding to the consumer load profile data are scaled by the bypass diversion factors; and minimize an objective function whose value is positively related to the sum of the slack variables representing the aggregate tap loads; identifying a bypass diversion factor of at least two as a bypass theft and locating the bypass theft based on a location of the consumer node corresponding to that bypass diversion factor; and
,cutting power to the consumer node corresponding to the bypass theft. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
-
-
10. A method for identifying and locating tap loads in an electric utility power distribution inventory zone, the inventory zone comprising a plurality of nodes including a metered distribution node and at least two metered consumer nodes, the method comprising:
-
obtaining an admittance matrix modeling the electrical admittance between the nodes of the inventory zone; obtaining real and reactive load data for each of the metered nodes of the inventory zone; obtaining voltage magnitude data for each of the metered nodes of the inventory zone; determining a voltage phase angle for each of the consumer nodes that solve a first system of power flow equations for the inventory zone having known values corresponding to the real and reactive load data for the consumer nodes and in which the distribution node is treated as a slack node; determining real and reactive unmetered tap loads corresponding to select ones of the consumer nodes that; solve a second system of power flow equations for the inventory zone having known values corresponding to the real and reactive load data for each of the nodes, voltage magnitude values corresponding to the voltage data for each of the metered nodes, and having slack variables representing the real and reactive unmetered tap loads, and minimize an objective function whose value is positively related to at least one of the slack variables representing the real and reactive unmetered tap loads using an iterative numerical solution technique wherein variables in the second system of power flow equations corresponding to the voltage phase angles of the select ones of the consumer nodes are initialized to values corresponding to the corresponding determined voltage phase angles that solve the first system of power flow equations; identifying any of the real and reactive unmetered tap loads having a value exceeding a pre-determined threshold as a tap theft and locating the tap theft based on a location of the corresponding consumer node; and
,cutting power to the consumer node corresponding to the tap theft. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
-
-
25. A system for identifying and locating tap loads in an electric utility power distribution inventory zone, the inventory zone comprising a plurality of nodes including at least one metered distribution node and at least two metered consumer nodes, the system comprising:
-
a data store comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium containing an admittance matrix modeling the electrical admittance between the nodes of the inventory zone, real and reactive load data for each of the metered nodes of the inventory zone, and voltage magnitude data for each of the metered nodes of the inventory zone; and a data processor communicatively coupled to the data store and configured to; obtain the admittance matrix from the data store; obtain the real and reactive load data from the data store; obtain the voltage magnitude data from the data store; determine a voltage phase angle for each of the consumer nodes that solve a first system of power flow equations for the inventory zone having known values corresponding to the real and reactive load data for the consumer nodes and in which the distribution node is treated as a slack node; determine real and reactive unmetered tap loads corresponding to select ones of the consumer nodes that; solve a second system of power flow equations for the inventory zone having known values corresponding to the real and reactive load data for each of the nodes, voltage magnitude values corresponding to the voltage data for each of the metered nodes, and having slack variables representing the real and reactive unmetered tap loads, and minimize an objective function whose value is positively related to at least one of the slack variables representing the real and reactive unmetered tap loads using an iterative numerical solution technique wherein variables in the second system of power flow equations corresponding to the voltage phase angles of the select ones of the consumer nodes are initialized to values corresponding to the corresponding determined voltage phase angles that solve the first system of power flow equations; identify any of the real and reactive unmetered tap loads having a value exceeding a pre-determined threshold as a tap theft and locate the tap theft based on a location of the corresponding consumer node; and
,cut power to the consumer node corresponding to the tap theft.
-
Specification