Displays

• US 9,946,069 B2
• Filed: 03/25/2014
• Issued: 04/17/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BAE Systems Plc
• Original Assignee: BAE Systems Plc
• Inventors: Valera, Mohmed Salim, Simmonds, Michael David, Fares, Maha
• Primary Examiner(s): Radkowski, Peter
• Application Number:
  US14/780,268
• Publication Number:
  US 20160041387A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,484 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0116 comprising devices for correcting chromatic aberration
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0125 Field-of-view increase by wavefront division
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0081 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0101 characterised by optical features G02B27/0172 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/045 Prism arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0018 Redirecting means on the surface of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0031 Reflecting element, sheet or layer
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/005 provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0053 Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0055 Reflecting element, sheet or layer
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0056 for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements

Abstract

An optical component for a display apparatus comprises an optical waveguide part (11) arranged to guide light therealong between surface parts thereof by internal reflection, an input part (13) arranged to receive light and direct the received light into the optical waveguide part, and an output part comprising a partially transmissive angularly reflective optical coating (25) arranged upon a surface part of the optical waveguide part. The output part is optically coupled to the input part by the optical waveguide part to receive guided light and to transmit some but not all of said guided light out from the optical waveguide part. The angularly reflective optical coating extends along a dimension of the optical waveguide part to expand the guided light in said dimension along the output part by repeated partial transmission thereof for output.

Claims

1. An optical component for a display apparatus comprising:

an optical waveguide part arranged to guide light therealong between surface parts thereof by internal reflection thereat;

an input part arranged to receive light and direct the received light into the optical waveguide part; and

,

an output part comprising;

a partially transmissive angularly reflective optical coating arranged upon a said surface part of the optical waveguide part and optically coupled to the input part by the optical waveguide part to receive said guided light and to transmit a portion of said guided light out from the optical waveguide part, the angularly reflective optical coating configured to transmit more than reflect light incident upon the coating in a first angular range and reflect more than transmit light incident upon the coating in a second angular range, wherein angles in the second angular range of light are greater than angles in the first angular range of incident light; and

a reflective coating inclined with respect to said surface part of the optical waveguide part and arranged to reflect said portion of said guided light back toward the angularly reflective optical coating and the optical waveguide part;

wherein the angularly reflective optical coating extends along a dimension of the optical waveguide part to expand the guided light in said dimension along the output part by repeated partial transmission thereof for output.

2. An optical component according to claim 1 in which the output part includes a prism in optical contact with the said transmissive angularly reflective optical coating and arranged to receive light from the said waveguide part and to direct the received light out of the optical waveguide part.

3. An optical component according to claim 1 in which the reflective coating is arranged to receive said transmitted light from the angularly reflective optical coating and reflect the transmitted light in a direction through surface parts of the waveguide part for output such that the light transmitted from the angularly reflective optical coating to the reflective coating is incident upon the angularly reflective optical coating in the second angular range and the light reflected by the reflective coating is incident upon the angularly reflective optical coating in the first angular range.

4. An optical component according to claim 1 in which the refractive index of the angularly reflective optical coating at optical wavelengths is less than a refractive index of the waveguide part at corresponding optical wavelengths.

5. An optical component according to claim 1 in which the input part is arranged to direct light into the optical waveguide part to an angle of incidence sufficiently oblique to a said surface part as to totally internally reflect thereat wherein said angle of incidence is insufficiently oblique to totally internally reflect said light at said surface part along which said partially transmissive angularly reflective optical coating is arranged, thereby to enable transmission of some of said incident light therethrough.

6. An optical component according to claim 5 in which the input part comprises an input reflector part for receiving light through surface parts of the optical waveguide part and for reflecting said light into the optical waveguide part to an angle of incidence sufficiently oblique to a said surface part as to totally internally reflect thereat for guided propagation along the optical waveguide part.

7. An optical component according to claim 3 in which the output reflector part is arranged to direct light through surface parts of the optical waveguide part at an angle of incidence insufficiently oblique to totally internally reflect said light thereat.

8. An optical component according to claim 3 in which at least one of the output part and the input part each comprise a prism upon a surface of which is formed a reflective coating arranged to reflect light from the waveguide in a direction back through a surface part of the waveguide by reflection.

9. An optical component according to claim 3 in which the output part includes a quarter (¼

) wave plate arranged between the angularly reflective optical coating and the output reflector part, the wave plate arranged to transmit light from the optical waveguide part to the output reflector part and from the output reflector part to the optical waveguide part.

16. An optical component according to claim 2 in which the output part includes an output reflector part for receiving said transmitted light from the angularly reflective optical coating and reflecting the transmitted light in a direction through surface parts of the waveguide part for output.

17. An optical component according to claim 4 in which the input part is arranged to direct light into the optical waveguide part to an angle of incidence sufficiently oblique to a said surface part as to totally internally reflect thereat wherein said angle of incidence is insufficiently oblique to totally internally reflect said light at said surface part along which said partially transmissive angularly reflective optical coating is arranged, thereby to enable transmission of some of said incident light therethrough, and wherein the input part comprises an input reflector part for receiving light through surface parts of the optical waveguide part and for reflecting said light into the optical waveguide part to an angle of incidence sufficiently oblique to a said surface part as to totally internally reflect thereat for guided propagation along the optical waveguide part.

18. An optical component according to claim 6 in which the output reflector part is arranged to direct light through surface parts of the optical waveguide part at an angle of incidence insufficiently oblique to totally internally reflect said light thereat.

19. An optical component according to claim 7 in which at least one of the output part and the input part each comprise a prism upon a surface of which is formed a reflective coating arranged to reflect light from the waveguide in a direction back through a surface part of the waveguide by reflection.

20. An optical component according to claim 8 in which the output part includes a quarter (¼

) wave plate arranged between the angularly reflective optical coating and the output reflector part, the wave plate arranged to transmit light from the optical waveguide part to the output reflector part and from the output reflector part to the optical waveguide part.

10. A method of manufacturing an optical component for a display apparatus comprising:

providing an optical waveguide part including surface parts for guiding light therebetween by internal reflection thereat;

providing an input part to receive light and to direct the received light into the optical waveguide part;

applying a partially transmissive angularly reflective optical coating upon a said surface part to receive said guided light and to transmit a portion of said guided light out from the optical waveguide part, the angularly reflective optical coating configured to transmit more than reflect light incident upon the coating in a first angular range and reflect more than transmit light incident upon the coating in a second angular range, wherein angles in the second angular range of light are greater than angles in the first angular range of incident light; and

attaching an output part to the angularly reflective optical coating thereby optically coupling the output part to the angularly reflective optical coating, the output part for receiving transmitted light from the angularly reflective optical coating and outputting the light so received, the output part comprising a reflective coating inclined with respect to said surface part of the optical waveguide part and arranged to reflect said portion of said guided light back toward the angularly reflective optical coating and the optical waveguide part.

11. A method according to claim 10 in which the reflective coating is arranged to receive light transmitted from the angularly reflective optical coating and reflect the transmitted light in a direction through surface parts of the waveguide part for output such that the light transmitted from the angularly reflective optical coating to the reflective coating is incident upon the angularly reflective optical coating in the second angular range and the light reflected by the reflective coating is incident upon the angularly reflective optical coating in the first angular range.

12. A method of displaying an image comprising:

receiving light at an optical waveguide part and directing the received light into the optical waveguide part to guide light therealong between surface parts thereof by internal reflection thereat;

receiving said guided light at an output part of the optical waveguide part comprising a partially transmissive angularly reflective optical coating arranged upon a said surface part of the optical waveguide part, the angularly reflective optical coating configured to transmit more than reflect light incident upon the coating in a first angular range and reflect more than transmit light incident upon the coating in a second angular range, wherein angles in the second angular range of light are greater than angles in the first angular range of incident light;

transmitting a portion of said guided light out from the optical waveguide part through the angularly reflective optical coating, thereby expanding the guided light in a dimension of the optical waveguide part along which the angularly reflective optical coating extends by repeated partial transmission of guided light for output through the angularly reflective optical coating; and

reflecting said portion of said guided light back toward the angularly reflective optical coating and the optical waveguide part using a reflective coating inclined with respect to said surface part of the optical waveguide part.

13. A method according to claim 12 including receiving said transmitted light from the angularly reflective optical coating at the reflective coating and therewith reflecting the transmitted light in a direction through surface parts of the waveguide part for output such that the light transmitted from the angularly reflective optical coating to the reflective coating is incident upon the angularly reflective optical coating in the second angular range and the light reflected by the reflective coating is incident upon the angularly reflective optical coating in the first angular range.

14. A method according to claim 12 including receiving light through surface parts at an input reflector part and reflecting said light into the optical waveguide part to an angle of incidence sufficiently oblique to surface parts thereof as to totally internally reflect thereat for guided propagation therealong.

15. A method according to claim 12 including directing light into the optical waveguide part to an angle of incidence sufficiently oblique to said surface parts as to totally internally reflect thereat wherein said angle of incidence is insufficiently oblique to totally internally reflect said light at those parts of a said surface along which said partially transmissive angularly reflective optical coating is arranged, thereby to enable transmission of some of said incident light therethrough.