Apparatus and method for the analysis of the change of body composition and hydration status and for dynamic indirect individualized measurement of components of the human energy metabolism
First Claim
1. A method for dynamic indirect individualized measurement of a daily change of body composition vector, a daily utilized energy intake vector, a daily macronutrient oxidation vector, a daily resting metabolic rate, at least one of daily unknown energy losses and gains, a daily rate of endogenous lipolysis, a daily nitrogen excretion, and a daily gluconeogenesis from protein comprising:
- at a computing device configured to measure and predict metrics associated with at least one of a hydration characteristic, a body composition characteristic, and an energy metabolism characteristic;
obtaining, by a sensor, daily serial measurements from a user, wherein the daily serial measurements comprise at least one of a macronutrient energy intake, a resting metabolic rate, a physical activity energy expenditure based on a user'"'"'s movements, and a weight amount;
deriving and solving a mathematical equation to calculate said daily utilized energy intake vector if ingested daily carbohydrate intake, ingested daily fat intake, and at least one of ingested daily protein intake are available and if ingested daily carbohydrate intake, ingested daily fat intake, and ingested daily protein intake are not available, deriving a mathematical model and using a minimum variance estimation and prediction method and a measured indirectly calculated change of body composition vector that can comprise use of at least one of a reference and a nominal trajectory method to estimate a daily utilized energy intake vector;
deriving and solving mathematical equations with said daily utilized energy intake vector to calculate said daily macronutrient oxidation vector, said daily resting metabolic rate, at least one of a daily estimation of unknown forms of energy losses and gains, said daily rate of endogenous lipolysis, said daily nitrogen excretion, said daily gluconeogenesis from protein, a daily estimation of a correction factor for gluconeogenesis from amino acids, a daily gluconeogenesis from glycerol, a daily estimation of a correction factor for de novo lipogenesis, a daily rate of de novo lipogenesis, a glycerol 3-phosphate synthesis, and an energy needed for fat synthesis;
deriving and solving a mathematical model and using said minimum variance estimation and prediction method and said measured indirectly calculated change of body composition vector that can comprise use of at least one of a reference and a nominal trajectory method to obtain an estimated indirectly calculated change of body composition vector;
performing a stochastic identification of an indirectly calculated correction factor for de novo lipogenesis, an indirectly calculated correction factor for gluconeogenesis from amino acids, and an indirectly calculated correction factor for at least one of unidentified energy losses and gains;
performing a state space model identification to estimate said daily change of body composition vector, said daily utilized energy intake vector, a daily macronutrient oxidation vector, said daily resting metabolic rate, at least one of daily unknown energy losses and gains, said daily rate of endogenous lipolysis, said daily nitrogen excretion, and said daily gluconeogenesis from protein;
in response to performing the stochastic and state space model identifications, updating a self correcting model of a utilized energy intake and a self adaptive model of the energy metabolism characteristic of a user;
generating an individualized metric and trend derived from the self correcting model and the self adaptive model regarding the at least one of the hydration characteristic, the body composition characteristic, and the energy metabolism characteristic of the user; and
presenting the individualized metric and trend to the user via the computing device, whereby the individualized metric and trend provides improved predictive health information to the user for use to manage at least one of a user'"'"'s health, fitness goals, body composition goals, hydration goals, and energy expenditure goals.
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Abstract
One embodiment of an apparatus for analysis of body composition and hydration status by detecting resistance of the human subject at zero and infinite frequency including a method for measuring indirectly extracellular water mass, intracellular water mass, lean body mass, and body fat mass; daily changes of extracellular water mass, intracellular water mass, lean body mass, and body fat mass; and acute changes of extracellular water mass and intracellular water mass; and for individualized calibration of these indirect measurements.
In addition, a method for fitting mathematical models to serial measurements of indirectly measured lean body mass and fat mass and for dynamic indirect individualized measurement using minimum variance estimation and prediction of daily changes of the body composition defined as change of glycogen store, change of fat store and change of protein store; daily utilized macronutrient energy intake defined as utilized carbohydrate, fat, and protein caloric intake; daily macronutrient oxidation rate defined as rate of carbohydrate oxidation, fat oxidation, and protein oxidation; daily resting metabolic rate; daily unknown forms of energy losses or gains; daily rate of endogenous lipolysis; daily nitrogen excretion; daily gluconeogenesis from protein; daily determination of extracellular water mass; daily determination of intracellular water mass; and acute change of extracellular water mass and intracellular water mass.
7 Citations
14 Claims
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1. A method for dynamic indirect individualized measurement of a daily change of body composition vector, a daily utilized energy intake vector, a daily macronutrient oxidation vector, a daily resting metabolic rate, at least one of daily unknown energy losses and gains, a daily rate of endogenous lipolysis, a daily nitrogen excretion, and a daily gluconeogenesis from protein comprising:
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at a computing device configured to measure and predict metrics associated with at least one of a hydration characteristic, a body composition characteristic, and an energy metabolism characteristic; obtaining, by a sensor, daily serial measurements from a user, wherein the daily serial measurements comprise at least one of a macronutrient energy intake, a resting metabolic rate, a physical activity energy expenditure based on a user'"'"'s movements, and a weight amount; deriving and solving a mathematical equation to calculate said daily utilized energy intake vector if ingested daily carbohydrate intake, ingested daily fat intake, and at least one of ingested daily protein intake are available and if ingested daily carbohydrate intake, ingested daily fat intake, and ingested daily protein intake are not available, deriving a mathematical model and using a minimum variance estimation and prediction method and a measured indirectly calculated change of body composition vector that can comprise use of at least one of a reference and a nominal trajectory method to estimate a daily utilized energy intake vector; deriving and solving mathematical equations with said daily utilized energy intake vector to calculate said daily macronutrient oxidation vector, said daily resting metabolic rate, at least one of a daily estimation of unknown forms of energy losses and gains, said daily rate of endogenous lipolysis, said daily nitrogen excretion, said daily gluconeogenesis from protein, a daily estimation of a correction factor for gluconeogenesis from amino acids, a daily gluconeogenesis from glycerol, a daily estimation of a correction factor for de novo lipogenesis, a daily rate of de novo lipogenesis, a glycerol 3-phosphate synthesis, and an energy needed for fat synthesis; deriving and solving a mathematical model and using said minimum variance estimation and prediction method and said measured indirectly calculated change of body composition vector that can comprise use of at least one of a reference and a nominal trajectory method to obtain an estimated indirectly calculated change of body composition vector; performing a stochastic identification of an indirectly calculated correction factor for de novo lipogenesis, an indirectly calculated correction factor for gluconeogenesis from amino acids, and an indirectly calculated correction factor for at least one of unidentified energy losses and gains; performing a state space model identification to estimate said daily change of body composition vector, said daily utilized energy intake vector, a daily macronutrient oxidation vector, said daily resting metabolic rate, at least one of daily unknown energy losses and gains, said daily rate of endogenous lipolysis, said daily nitrogen excretion, and said daily gluconeogenesis from protein; in response to performing the stochastic and state space model identifications, updating a self correcting model of a utilized energy intake and a self adaptive model of the energy metabolism characteristic of a user; generating an individualized metric and trend derived from the self correcting model and the self adaptive model regarding the at least one of the hydration characteristic, the body composition characteristic, and the energy metabolism characteristic of the user; and presenting the individualized metric and trend to the user via the computing device, whereby the individualized metric and trend provides improved predictive health information to the user for use to manage at least one of a user'"'"'s health, fitness goals, body composition goals, hydration goals, and energy expenditure goals. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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Specification