Data transmission for an internet of vehicles system

• US 9,954,952 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2014
• Issued: 04/24/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Duan, Ning, Hu, Guo Q., Ji, Peng, Zhu, Jun
• Primary Examiner(s): WHITTINGTON, JESS G
• Application Number:
  US14/526,951
• Publication Number:
  US 20150120087A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,273 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/12 specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/125 involving control of end-device applications over a network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/61 taking into account QoS or priority requirements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/62 Establishing a time schedule for servicing the requests
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/04 Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 Location-based management or tracking services
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/30 Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/40 for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/44 for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]

Abstract

The present invention discloses a data transmission method and apparatus. The method comprises: obtaining information of a vehicle, the information comprising a current location of the vehicle; predicting a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time and corresponding communication connection quality; predicting changes of the communication connection quality in the vehicle running course according to the communication connection quality at the current location of the vehicle and the communication connection quality at the predicted location; and according to the changes, determining an adjustment policy of computing resources for processing data uploaded by the vehicle. By means of the method and apparatus of the embodiments of the present invention, computing resources for processing real-time data uploaded by vehicles can be determined dynamically.

Claims

1. A data transmission method for an Internet of Vehicles system, the method comprising:

obtaining information of a vehicle, the information comprising a current location of the vehicle, the vehicle including computing hardware that enables the vehicle to transmit and receive data wirelessly;

predicting a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time and corresponding communication connection quality;

determining that there are a plurality of trajectory patterns that the vehicle may take to reach the possible location, based, at least in part, on one or more of;

trajectory patterns of similar vehicles, congestion laws of the area the vehicle is in, road networks, GPS data, the current location of the vehicle, and the predicted possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time;

predicting changes in the communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns, wherein predicted changes in the communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns that the vehicle may take are based, at least in part, on the communication connection quality at the current location of the vehicle and the communication connection quality at the predicted location, wherein the plurality of trajectory patterns includes the current location and the predicted location, and wherein communication connection quality i) is determined based, at least in part, on packet loss and ii) reflects a degree of stability of communication between the vehicle and a computing system;

determining which one of the plurality of trajectory patterns has the lowest associated communication connection quality based, at least in part, on both measured and predicted changes in communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns;

based, at least in part, on the changes that were predicted and the lowest associated communication connection quality for the determined one of the plurality of trajectory patterns, determining an adjustment policy of computing resources for processing data uploaded and downloaded by the vehicle; and

implementing the adjustment policy such that a given degree of stability of communication is maintained between the vehicle and a given computing system that is in wireless communication with the vehicle.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the computing resources comprise a buffer space that is set for the vehicle, the adjustment policy comprising:

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will decrease, increasing the buffer space; and

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will increase, reducing the buffer space.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the computing resources comprise a data uploading frequency that is set for the vehicle, the adjustment policy comprising:

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will decrease, notifying the vehicle to increase the data uploading frequency for uploading as much data as possible before the communication quality gets worse; and

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will increase, notifying the vehicle to maintain or decrease the data uploading frequency.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the computing resources comprise:

a decompression parameter that is set for the vehicle, the adjustment policy comprising;

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will decrease, the server adjusting the decompression parameter to support uploaded data with higher compression efficiency from the vehicle, and notifying the vehicle to use a corresponding compression parameter for compressing data with the higher compression efficiency; and

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will increase, the server adjusting the decompression parameter to support data with lower compression efficiency from the vehicle, and notifying the vehicle to use a corresponding compression parameter for compressing data with the lower compression efficiency.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

generating a diagram of a distribution of the communication connection quality, the diagram of the distribution of the communication connection quality comprising communication connection quality information at multiple locations in a certain area;

wherein the predicting a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time and corresponding communication connection quality comprises;

determining communication connection quality at a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time according to the diagram of the distribution of the communication connection quality.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the predicting a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time and corresponding communication connection quality comprises:

filtering the distribution of the communication connection quality according to the vehicle information, so as to obtain a distribution of the communication connection quality that is specific to the vehicle.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the establishing a diagram of a distribution of the communication connection quality comprises:

receiving information of locations periodically uploaded by the vehicle and communication connection quality at the locations; and

determining communication connection quality at each location according to information uploaded by the vehicle.

15. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

predicting a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time and corresponding communication connection quality by;

obtaining a distribution of the communication connection quality that is specific to the vehicle by filtering a distribution of the communication connection quality according to communication information specific to the vehicle; and

determining communication connection quality of the vehicle at the possible location in the future period of time based, at least in part, on the communication connection quality distribution that is specific to the vehicle.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the distribution of the communication connection quality is filtered using status and information communication connection quality of other vehicles that have one or more characteristics in common with the vehicle of the type.

17. The method according to claim 5, further comprising:

generating the diagram of the distribution of the communication connection quality based, at least in part, on i) information regarding locations, which is periodically uploaded by the vehicle, and ii) respective communication connection qualities associated with those locations.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein communication connection quality is further determined based on one or more of:

data transmission ability of the vehicle, signal reception ability of the vehicle, distance from the vehicle to a network, a number of vehicles, signal reception ability of the vehicle, distance from the vehicle to a network, a number of vehicles connected to that network, retransmission rate of the network, and response time of the network.

8. A data transmission apparatus for an Internet of Vehicles system, the apparatus comprising:

one or more computer processors;

one or more computer readable storage medium;

program instructions stored on the computer readable storage medium for execution by at least one of the one or more processors, the program instructions being included in one or more modules, the one or more modules comprising;

an obtaining module configured to obtain information of a vehicle, the information comprising a current location of the vehicle, the vehicle including computing hardware that enables the vehicle to transmit and receive data wirelessly;

a predicting module configured to predict a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time and corresponding communication connection quality;

a first determining module configured to determines a plurality of trajectory patterns that the vehicle may take to reach the possible location, based, at least in part, on one or more of;

trajectory of similar vehicles, congestion laws of the area the vehicle is in, road networks, GPS data, the current location of the vehicle, and the predicted possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time;

a communication connection quality predicting module configured to predict changes in the communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns,

wherein predicted changes in communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns that the vehicle may take are based, at least in part, on the communication connection quality at the current location of the vehicle and the communication connection quality at the predicted location, wherein the plurality of trajectory patterns includes the current location and the predicted location, and wherein communication connection quality i) is determined based, at least in part, on packet loss and ii) reflects a degree of stability of communication between the vehicle and a computing system;

a second determining module configured to determine which one of the plurality of trajectory patterns has the lowest associated communication connection quality based, at least in part, on both measured and predicted changes in communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns;

an adjustment policy determining module configured to, according to the changes and the lowest associated communication connection quality for the determined one of the plurality of trajectory patterns, determine an adjustment policy of computing resources for processing data uploaded and downloaded by the vehicle; and

an implementing module configured to implement the adjustment policy such that a given degree of stability of communication is maintained between the vehicle and a given computing system that is in wireless communication with the vehicle.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the computing resources comprise a buffer space that is set for the vehicle, the adjustment policy comprising:

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will decrease, increasing the buffer space; and

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will increase, reducing the buffer space.

10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the computing resources comprise a data uploading frequency that is set for the vehicle, the adjustment policy comprising:

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will decrease, notifying the vehicle to increase the data uploading frequency for uploading as much data as possible before the communication quality gets worse; and

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will increase, notifying the vehicle to maintain or decrease the data uploading frequency.

11. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the computing resources comprise a decompression parameter that is set for the vehicle, the adjustment policy comprising:

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will decrease, the server adjusting the decompression parameter to support uploaded data with higher compression efficiency from the vehicle, and notifying the vehicle to use a corresponding compression parameter for compressing data with the higher compression efficiency; and

in response to a prediction that the communication connection quality will increase, the server adjusting the decompression parameter to support data with lower compression efficiency from the vehicle, and notifying the vehicle to use a corresponding compression parameter for compressing data with the lower compression efficiency.

12. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising:

a module configured to establish a diagram of a distribution of the communication connection quality, the diagram of the distribution of the communication connection quality comprising communication connection quality information at multiple locations in a certain area; and

the predicting module comprising a module configured to determine communication connection quality at a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time according to the diagram of the distribution of the communication connection quality.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, the predicting module comprising:

a module configured to filter the distribution of the communication connection quality according to the vehicle information, so as to obtain a distribution of the communication connection quality that is specific to the vehicle.

14. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the module configured to establish a diagram of a distribution of the communication connection quality comprises:

a module configured to receive information of locations periodically uploaded by the vehicle and communication connection quality at the locations; and

a module configured to determine communication connection quality at each location according to information uploaded by the vehicle.

19. A computer program product comprising:

one or more computer readable storage medium and program instructions stored on the computer readable storage medium, the program instructions comprising;

program instructions to obtain information of a vehicle, the information comprising a current location of the vehicle, the vehicle including computing hardware that enables the vehicle to transmit and receive data wirelessly;

program instructions to predict a possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time and corresponding communication connection quality;

program instructions to determine that there are a plurality of trajectory patterns that the vehicle may take to reach the possible location, based, at least in part, on one or more of;

trajectory of similar vehicles, congestion laws of the area the vehicle is in, road networks, GPS data, the current location of the vehicle, and the predicted possible location of the vehicle in a future period of time;

program instructions to predict changes in the communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns, wherein program instructions to predict changes in the communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns that the vehicle may take are based, at least in part, on the communication connection quality at the current location of the vehicle and the communication connection quality at the predicted location, wherein the plurality of trajectory pattern includes the current location and the predicted location, and wherein communication connection quality i) is determined based, at least in part, on packet loss and ii) reflects a degree of stability of communication between the vehicle and a computing system;

program instructions to determine which one of the plurality of trajectory patterns has the lowest associated communication connection quality based, at least in part, on both measured and predicted changes in communication connection quality along the plurality of trajectory patterns;

based, at least in part, on the changes that were predicted and the lowest associated communication connection quality for the determined one of the plurality of trajectory patterns, program instructions to determine an adjustment policy of computing resources for processing data uploaded and downloaded by the vehicle; and

program instructions to implement the adjustment policy such that a given degree of stability of communication is maintained between the vehicle and a given computing system that is in wireless communication with the vehicle.