Three-dimensional measuring method and surveying system

• US 9,958,268 B2
• Filed: 10/20/2014
• Issued: 05/01/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon
• Inventors: Ohtomo, Fumio, Kumagai, Kaoru, Otani, Hitoshi, Osaragi, Kazuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Hellner, Mark
• Application Number:
  US14/518,479
• Publication Number:
  US 20150116693A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,289 Days
• Field of Search: 356 401
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 15/002 Active optical surveying means optical plumbing G01C15/105
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/42 Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates indirect measurement G01S17/46
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/66 Tracking systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

Abstract

The invention provides a surveying system comprising a total station installed at a known point and having a tracking function, at least one movable measuring device having a prism for retro-reflecting a distance measuring light and a tracking light projected from the total station and capable of moving and of performing three-dimensional measurement on an object to be measured and an arithmetic control part, wherein the movable measuring device has an auxiliary measuring unit capable of measuring a distance and an angle of the object to be measured and an attitude detector capable of detecting a measuring direction, a tilting and a tilting direction of the movable measuring device, wherein the movable measuring device performs three-dimensional measurement on the object to be measured with reference to direction of the total station based on the measurement result of the auxiliary measuring unit and on the detection result of the attitude detector at an arbitrary measurement position as being sighted from the total station, wherein the total station performs three-dimensional measurement on the measurement position, and wherein the arithmetic control part performs three-dimensional measurement on the object to be measured with reference to the total station based on the result of three-dimensional measurement obtained by the movable measuring device and on the measurement result by the total station.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional measuring method comprising a total station having tracking function and a movable measuring device having a prism for retro-reflecting a distance measuring light and a tracking light, which is a polarized light emitted in pulses via a rotary polarizing plate, projected from said total station, an attitude detector which detects a tilting of said movable measuring device, a tilting direction with respect to said total station and a directional angle with respect to said total station, and designed as movable and capable of performing three-dimensional measurement on an object to be measured, wherein said attitude detector comprises a tilt sensor having a fixed polarizing plate in which said movable measuring device is set in a vertical direction at a horizontal attitude and a photodetection sensor, and an attitude sensor having an image pickup unit, a relationship of the fixed polarizing plate and said rotary polarizing plate is set in such a manner that the light amount of a tracking light which is received by the photodetection sensor via the fixed polarizing plate is to reach a maximum value when the movable measuring device is in a horizontal attitude, a measuring direction, a tilting and a tilting direction of said movable measuring device is detected based on a phase difference with respect to a tilt of said movable measuring device of a sine curve of a change of the light amount acquired by the rotation of said rotary polarizing plate and an amount of deviation and a direction of deviation from a reference position of said tracking light with respect to said image pickup unit, wherein said total station is installed at a known point, said movable measuring device performs three-dimensional measurement on the object to be measured with reference to a direction of said total station and from an arbitrary position capable of sighting from said total station, said total station measures a measurement position where said movable measuring device performs three-dimensional measurement, and three-dimensional measurement result of said movable measuring device is converted to data of a reference coordinate system of said total station based on detection result of said attitude detector and the measurement position of said movable measuring device measured by said total station.

2. A surveying system, comprising a total station installed at a known point and having a tracking function, at least one movable measuring device having a prism for retro-reflecting a distance measuring light and a tracking light, which is a polarized light emitted in pulses via a rotary polarizing plate, projected from said total station and capable of moving and of performing three-dimensional measurement on an object to be measured and an arithmetic control part, wherein said movable measuring device has an auxiliary measuring unit capable of measuring a distance and an angle of the object to be measured and an attitude detector capable of detecting a measuring direction, a tilting and a tilting direction of said movable measuring device, wherein said attitude detector comprises a tilt sensor having a fixed polarizing plate in which said movable measuring device is set in a vertical direction at a horizontal attitude, and a photodetection sensor, and an attitude sensor having an image pickup unit, a relationship of the fixed polarizing plate and said rotary polarizing plate is set in such a manner that the light amount of a tracking light which is received by the photodetection sensor via the fixed polarization plate is to reach a maximum value when the movable measuring device is in a horizontal attitude, a measuring direction, a tilting and a tilting direction of said movable measuring device is detected based on a phase difference with respect to a tilt of said movable measuring device of a sine curve of a change of the light amount acquired by the rotation of said rotary polarizing plate and an amount of deviation and a direction of deviation from a reference position of said tracking light with respect to said image pickup unit, wherein said movable measuring device performs three-dimensional measurement on the object to be measured with reference to direction of said total station based on the measurement result of said auxiliary measuring unit and on the detection result of said attitude detector at an arbitrary measurement position as being sighted from the total station, wherein said total station performs three-dimensional measurement on said measurement position, and wherein said arithmetic control part performs three-dimensional measurement on said object to be measured with reference to said total station based on the result of three-dimensional measurement obtained by said movable measuring device and on the measurement result by said total station.

3. A surveying system according to claim 2, wherein said auxiliary measuring unit of said movable measuring device is an image pickup unit, and three-dimensional measurement of an object to be measured is performed based on images picked up from two arbitrary measurement positions and on a detection result by said attitude detector.

4. A surveying system according to claim 2, wherein said auxiliary measuring unit of said movable measuring device is a laser distance measuring unit.

5. A surveying system according to claim 2, wherein said auxiliary measuring unit of said movable measuring device is a laser scanner.

6. A surveying system according to claim 2, wherein said movable measuring device comprises a small flying vehicle, an image pickup unit installed on said small flying vehicle and a prism for tracking purpose.

7. A surveying system according to claim 2, wherein said auxiliary measuring unit of said movable measuring device is an image pickup unit, and three-dimensional measurement of an object to be measured is performed based on images picked up from two arbitrary measurement positions and on a detection result by said attitude detector, and said movable measuring device comprises a small flying vehicle, an image pickup unit installed on said small flying vehicle and a prism for tracking purpose.

8. A surveying system according to claim 2, wherein said auxiliary measuring unit of said movable measuring device is a laser distance measuring unit, and said movable measuring device comprises a small flying vehicle, an image pickup unit installed on said small flying vehicle and a prism for tracking purpose.

9. A surveying system according to claim 2, wherein said auxiliary measuring unit of said movable measuring device is a laser scanner, and said movable measuring device comprises a small flying vehicle, an image pickup unit installed on said small flying vehicle and a prism for tracking purpose.