Modeling of pharmaceutical propagation and parameter generation for injection protocols
First Claim
1. A method of controlling injection of a contrast medium comprising a contrast enhancing agent into a patient in an injection procedure, the method comprising:
- providing a control system operably associated with a first pressurizing drive member, the first pressurizing drive member being adapted to be operably associated with at least a first fluid container, and the first fluid container being adapted to contain the contrast medium; and
determining at least one parameter for the injection procedure via which the control system controls the first pressurizing drive member by modeling, prior to the injection procedure, propagation of the contrast medium to be injected into the patient using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model stored in a memory system in connection with the control system, wherein the physiologically based pharmacokinetic model has incorporated therein a non-linear saturation term in a peripheral venous compartment, wherein exogenous administration of the contrast enhancing agent is provided by the equation uexog(t)=Cinj(t)·
Qinj(t) wherein Cinj(t) is a concentration of the contrast enhancing agent as a function of time and Qinj(t) is an administration flow rate of contrast as a function of time, but wherein Qinj(t) is a constant equal to a predetermined limiting administration flow rate at administration flow rates equal to or greater than the limiting administration flow rate.
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Abstract
A system includes a parameter generation system to determine at least one parameter for an injection procedure (for example, a parameter of an injection protocol or an imaging system parameter), the parameter generator system includes a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to model propagation of a contrast medium injected into a patient including at least one of a non-linear saturation term in a peripheral venous compartment, at least one configurable transport delay term through at least one compartment, or an adaptation to model volumetric flow rate of blood and an effect thereof on the propagation of contrast medium after injection of contrast medium ceases. The physiologically based pharmacokinetic model can, for example, be discretizable.
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Citations
28 Claims
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1. A method of controlling injection of a contrast medium comprising a contrast enhancing agent into a patient in an injection procedure, the method comprising:
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providing a control system operably associated with a first pressurizing drive member, the first pressurizing drive member being adapted to be operably associated with at least a first fluid container, and the first fluid container being adapted to contain the contrast medium; and determining at least one parameter for the injection procedure via which the control system controls the first pressurizing drive member by modeling, prior to the injection procedure, propagation of the contrast medium to be injected into the patient using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model stored in a memory system in connection with the control system, wherein the physiologically based pharmacokinetic model has incorporated therein a non-linear saturation term in a peripheral venous compartment, wherein exogenous administration of the contrast enhancing agent is provided by the equation uexog(t)=Cinj(t)·
Qinj(t) wherein Cinj(t) is a concentration of the contrast enhancing agent as a function of time and Qinj(t) is an administration flow rate of contrast as a function of time, but wherein Qinj(t) is a constant equal to a predetermined limiting administration flow rate at administration flow rates equal to or greater than the limiting administration flow rate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A method of controlling injection of a contrast medium including a contrast enhancing agent into a patient in an in procedure, the method comprising:
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providing a control system operably associated with a first pressurizing drive member, the first pressurizing drive member being adapted to be operably associated with at least a first fluid container, and the first fluid container being adapted to contain the contrast medium; and determining at least one parameter for the injection procedure via which the control system controls the first pressurizing drive member by modeling, prior to the injection procedure, propagation of the contrast medium to be injected into the patient using a compartmental physiologically based pharmacokinetic model comprising a peripheral venous compartment, wherein the compartmental physiologically based pharmacokinetic model is saved in a memory system in connection with the control system, the determining comprising; modeling a volumetric flow rate of blood and an effect thereof on the propagation of contrast medium comprising inclusion of a parameter for a volumetric flow rate of an exogenous fluid in the physiologically based pharmacokinetic model, wherein the volumetric flow rate of blood and the volumetric flow rate of the exogenous fluid are treated independently and the effect of the volumetric flow rate of the exogenous fluid on the volumetric flow rate of blood is considered in mass balances in the peripheral venous compartment of the compartmental physiologically based pharmacokinetic model. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. A system comprising:
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a first pressurizing drive member adapted to be operably associated with at least a first fluid container, the first fluid container being adapted to contain a contrast medium comprising a contrast enhancing agent; a control system operably associated with the first pressurizing drive member; a memory system in connection with the control system; and a parameter generation system stored in the memory system to determine at least one parameter via which the control system controls the first pressurizing drive member during an injection procedure, the parameter generator system comprising a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to model, prior to the injection procedure, propagation of the contrast medium to be injected into a patient, the physiologically based pharmacokinetic model comprising a non-linear saturation term in a peripheral venous compartment, wherein exogenous administration of the contrast enhancing agent is provided by the equation uexog(t)=Cinj(t)·
Qinj(t) wherein Cinj(t) is a concentration of the contrast enhancing agent as a function of time and Qinj(t) is an administration flow rate of contrast as a function of time, but wherein Qinj(t) is a constant equal to a predetermined limiting administration flow rate at administration flow rates equal to or greater than the limiting administration flow rate. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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Specification