Compositions comprising lignin
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A phenolic resin:
- wherein at least a portion of said phenolic resin is produced by a reaction with a phenol substitute;
wherein said phenol substitute comprises;
lignin; and
wherein said phenol substitute is a composition produced by a two stage process, said two stage process comprising;
a first stage comprising;
providing a mixture comprising lignocellulosic biomass and water; and
heating said mixture to a first temperature of about 130°
C. to about 250°
C. and maintaining said first temperature for a period of about 0.5 min to about 5 hours, thereby producing a first solids fraction and a first liquid fraction; and
a second stage comprising;
subjecting said first solids fraction obtained from said first stage to a supercritical or near-critical fluid under a pressure of about 40 bar to about 300 bar;
wherein said supercritical or near-critical fluid comprises water;
wherein said supercritical or near-critical fluid is at a temperature of about 374°
C. to about 600°
C.;
wherein said subjecting step elevates said first solids fraction to a second temperature of about 250°
C. to about 450°
C.;
wherein said first solids fraction is maintained at said second temperature for a period of about 0.05 sec to about 10 sec, thereby producing a second solids fraction and a second liquid fraction; and
wherein said composition comprises said second solids fraction.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Compositions comprising lignin and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed.
-
Citations
22 Claims
-
1. A phenolic resin:
-
wherein at least a portion of said phenolic resin is produced by a reaction with a phenol substitute; wherein said phenol substitute comprises; lignin; and wherein said phenol substitute is a composition produced by a two stage process, said two stage process comprising; a first stage comprising; providing a mixture comprising lignocellulosic biomass and water; and heating said mixture to a first temperature of about 130°
C. to about 250°
C. and maintaining said first temperature for a period of about 0.5 min to about 5 hours, thereby producing a first solids fraction and a first liquid fraction; anda second stage comprising; subjecting said first solids fraction obtained from said first stage to a supercritical or near-critical fluid under a pressure of about 40 bar to about 300 bar; wherein said supercritical or near-critical fluid comprises water; wherein said supercritical or near-critical fluid is at a temperature of about 374°
C. to about 600°
C.;wherein said subjecting step elevates said first solids fraction to a second temperature of about 250°
C. to about 450°
C.;wherein said first solids fraction is maintained at said second temperature for a period of about 0.05 sec to about 10 sec, thereby producing a second solids fraction and a second liquid fraction; and wherein said composition comprises said second solids fraction. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 19, 21)
-
-
10. A phenol formaldehyde resin comprising:
-
a reaction product of phenol and formaldehyde; and an extender, wherein said extender comprises; lignin; and wherein said extender is a composition produced by a two stage process, said two stage process comprising; a first stage comprising; providing a mixture comprising lignocellulosic biomass and water; and heating said mixture to a first temperature of about 130°
C. to about 250°
C. and maintain said first temperature for a period of about 0.5 min to about 5 hours, thereby producing a first solids fraction and a first liquid fraction; anda second stage comprising; subjecting said first solids obtained from said first stage to a supercritical or near-critical fluid under a pressure of about 40 bar to about 300 bar; wherein said supercritical or near-critical fluid comprises water; wherein said supercritical or near-critical fluid is at a temperature of about 374°
C. to about 600°
C.;wherein said subjecting step elevates said first solids fraction to a second temperature of about 250°
C. to about 450°
C.;wherein said first solids fraction is maintained at said second temperature for a period of about 0.05 sec to about 10 sec, thereby producing a second solids fraction and a second liquid fraction; and wherein said composition comprises said second solids fraction. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22)
-
Specification