Electrochemical energy storage devices
First Claim
1. An electrochromic device comprising:
- a cathodic material covalently attached to, or confined within, a first polymer matrix; and
an anodic compound polymerized into a second polymer matrix;
wherein;
the cathodic material is a viologen;
the anodic compound is a phenazine, a bisphenazine, a phenothiazine, a bisphenothiazine, a triphenodithiazine, a bis(triphenodithiazine), a carbazole, a indolocarbazole, a biscarbazole, or a ferrocene;
the electrochromic device exhibits a high transmission state at short circuit and a low transmission state upon application of an electric potential;
the high transmission state is at least 5 times greater than the low transmission state; and
the electrochromic device is configured to maintain a transmission percentage within 20% of the low transmission state for at least 5 hours at open circuit after application of a potential sufficient to reach to the low transmissions state.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An energy storage device includes a cathodic material in an activated state; and an anodic material in an activated state; wherein: the cathodic material is a viologen covalently attached to, or confined within, a first polymer matrix, the first polymer matrix is configured to prevent or minimize substantial diffusion of the cathodic material in the activated state; and the anodic material is a phenazine, a phenothiazine, a triphenodithiazine, a carbazole, a indolocarbazole, a biscarbazole, or a ferrocene covalently attached to, or confined within, a second polymer matrix, the second polymer matrix is configured to prevent or minimize substantial diffusion of the anodic material in the activated state.
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Citations
7 Claims
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1. An electrochromic device comprising:
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a cathodic material covalently attached to, or confined within, a first polymer matrix; and an anodic compound polymerized into a second polymer matrix; wherein; the cathodic material is a viologen; the anodic compound is a phenazine, a bisphenazine, a phenothiazine, a bisphenothiazine, a triphenodithiazine, a bis(triphenodithiazine), a carbazole, a indolocarbazole, a biscarbazole, or a ferrocene; the electrochromic device exhibits a high transmission state at short circuit and a low transmission state upon application of an electric potential; the high transmission state is at least 5 times greater than the low transmission state; and the electrochromic device is configured to maintain a transmission percentage within 20% of the low transmission state for at least 5 hours at open circuit after application of a potential sufficient to reach to the low transmissions state. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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Specification