Charging system for electric vehicle and electric vehicle comprising the same

• US 9,969,290 B2
• Filed: 12/31/2012
• Issued: 05/15/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BYD Company Limited
• Original Assignee: BYD Company Limited, Shenzhen BYD Auto R&D Company Limited
• Inventors: Tang, Zheqing, Du, Zhiyong, Tang, Fu
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhanu, Samuel
• Assistant Examiner(s): Rankine, Tarikh
• Application Number:
  US14/369,946
• Publication Number:
  US 20150042277A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,961 Days
• Field of Search: 320109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/006 to power outlets
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/12 Buck converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/14 Boost converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/42 Voltage source inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/527 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/529 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/12 by confirmation, e.g. of the input
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/22 Standstill, e.g. zero speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/26 Transition between different drive modes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/147 electro magnetic [EMI]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/20 Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 : characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/52 : characterised by DC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/60 : using power supplied by batteries in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 : DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 : Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/16 : Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 : Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 : characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 : Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/24 : Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/60 : Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 : Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 : for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 : responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/25 : by controlling the electric load
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 : Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/40 : adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 : for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 : the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 5/00 : Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks H02J3/36 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0036 : using connection detecting circuits H02J7/0034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0063 : with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 : Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 : in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 : of the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 : for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 : The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 : using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/542 : the information being in digital form
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A charging system for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle including the same are provided. The charging system includes: a power battery; a first charging interface and a second charging interface connected with an external power source respectively; a first charging control branch connected between the power battery and the first charging interface, and a second charging control branch connected between the power battery and the second charging interface; and a controller connected with the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively.

Claims

1. A charging system for an electric vehicle, comprising:

a power battery;

a first charging interface connected with a first external charging device, and a second charging interface connected with a second external charging device, both the first external charging device and the second external charging device being connected with an external power source;

a first charging control branch connected between the power battery and the first charging interface, and a second charging control branch connected between the power battery and the second charging interface; and

a controller connected with the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively,

wherein during a charge, the controller is configured to;

control the first charging control branch to start to establish a charging path between the power battery and the first charging interface until the first charging control branch enters a half-load operation state in which a charging power of the first charging control branch reaches half-load;

control the second charging control branch to start to establish a charging path between the power battery and the second charging interface until the second charging control branch enters a half-load operation state in which a charging power of the second charging control branch reaches half-load;

after both the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch entered the half-load operation state and stably operate in the half-load state, adjust an operation power of the first charging control branch and an operation power of the second charging control branch so as to make the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch enter a full-load operation state respectively.

2. The charging system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a high-voltage distribution box connected with the power battery and comprising;

a first pre-charging control module and a first switch connected with the first pre-charging control module in parallel, wherein a first terminal of the first pre-charging control module and a first terminal of the first switch are connected with a first terminal of the power battery respectively, and a second terminal of the first pre-charging control module and a second terminal of the first switch are connected with a second terminal of the first charging control branch and a second terminal of the second charging control branch;

a driving control switch having a first terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery, and connected with a third terminal of the first charging control branch and a third terminal of the second charging control branch respectively,

wherein the first pre-charging control module, the first switch and the driving control switch are connected with the controller respectively.

3. The charging system according to claim 2, wherein when the electric vehicle is in a charge-discharge mode, the controller pre-charges the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch via the first pre-charging control module and controls the first pre-charging control module to turn on, and when a bus voltage of the first charging control branch and a bus voltage of the second charging control branch are a predetermined multiple of a voltage of the power battery, the controller controls the first pre-charging control module to turn off and controls the first switch to turn on.

4. A charging system for an electric vehicle, comprising:

a power battery;

a first charging interface connected with a first external charging device, and a second charging interface connected with a second external charging device, both the first external charging device and the second external charging device being connected with an external power source;

a first charging control branch connected between the power battery and the first charging interface, and a second charging control branch connected between the power battery and the second charging interface; and

a controller connected with the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively,

wherein during a charge, the controller is configured to;

control the first charging control branch to start to establish a charging path between the power battery and the first charging interface until the first charging control branch enters a half-load operation state in which a charging power of the first charging control branch reaches half-load;

control the second charging control branch to start to establish a charging path between the power battery and the second charging interface until the second charging control branch enters a half-load operation state in which a charging power of the second charging control branch reaches half-load;

adjust an operation power of the first charging control branch and an operation power of the second charging control branch so as to make the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch enter a full-load operation state respectively;

wherein the charging system further includes;

a high-voltage distribution box connected with the power battery and comprising;

a first pre-charging control module and a first switch connected with the first pre-charging control module in parallel, wherein a first terminal of the first pre-charging control module and a first terminal of the first switch are connected with a first terminal of the power battery respectively, and a second terminal of the first pre-charging control module and a second terminal of the first switch are connected with a second terminal of the first charging control branch and a second terminal of the second charging control branch;

a driving control switch having a first terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery, and connected with a third terminal of the first charging control branch and a third terminal of the second charging control branch respectively,

wherein the first pre-charging control module, the first switch and the driving control switch are connected with the controller respectively;

wherein each of the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch comprises;

a bidirectional DC/DC module having a first DC terminal connected with a second terminal of the power battery and a second DC terminal connected with a second terminal of the first switch, wherein the first DC terminal is a common DC terminal for an input to and an output from the bidirectional DC/DC module;

a bidirectional DC/AC module having a first DC terminal connected with a second terminal of the driving control switch and a second DC terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery;

a charge-discharge control module having a first terminal connected with an AC terminal of the bidirectional DC/AC module, wherein a second terminal of the charge-discharge control module of the first charging control branch is connected with the first charging interface, and a second terminal of the charge-discharge control module of the second charging control branch is connected with the second charging interface.

5. The charging system according to claim 4, further comprising:

a motor control switch having a first terminal connected with the AC terminal of the bidirectional DC/AC module and a second terminal connected with a motor, and controlled by the controller, wherein when the electric vehicle is in a driving mode, the controller controls the motor control switch to turn on.

6. The charging system according to claim 5, wherein when a current operation mode of the charging system is the driving mode, the controller controls the driving control switch to turn on to stop the bidirectional DC/DC module, controls the motor control switch to turn on, and controls the charge-discharge control module to turn off.

7. The charging system according to claim 6, wherein when the current operation mode of the charging system is a charge-discharge mode, the controller controls the driving control switch to turn off to start the bidirectional DC/DC module, controls the motor control switch to turn off, and controls the charge-discharge control module to turn on.

8. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional DC/DC module comprises:

a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor connected in series, and connected between the first DC terminal and a third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, and controlled by the controller, in which a first node is defined between the first switching transistor and the second switching transistor;

a first diode connected with the first switching transistor in inverse-parallel;

a second diode connected with the second switching transistor in inverse-parallel;

a first inductor having a first terminal connected with the first node and a second terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery; and

a first capacitor having a first terminal connected with the second terminal of the first inductor and a second terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery.

9. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein each of the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch further comprises:

a leakage current reducing module connected between the first DC terminal and a third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module.

10. The charging system according to claim 9, wherein the leakage current reducing module comprises:

a second capacitor and a third capacitor, in which the second capacitor has a first terminal connected with a first terminal of the third capacitor and a second terminal connected with the third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, the third capacitor has a second terminal connected with the first DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, and a second node is defined between the second capacitor and the third capacitor.

11. The charging system according to claim 10, wherein each of the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch further comprises:

a filtering module connected between the bidirectional DC/AC module and the charge-discharge control module.

12. The charging system according to claim 11, wherein each of the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch further comprises:

a filtering control module connected between the second node and the filtering module, and controlled by the controller, in which when the current operation mode of the charging system is the driving mode, the controller controls the filtering control module to turn off.

13. The charging system according to claim 11, wherein each of the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch further comprises:

a second pre-charging control module connected with the charge-discharge control module in parallel and configured to pre-charge a capacitor in the filtering module.

14. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein the charge-discharge control module comprises:

a three-phase switch and/or a single-phase switch configured to implement a three-phase charge-discharge or a single-phase charge-discharge.

15. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein each of the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch further comprises:

a detecting module configured to detect a first phase current, a second phase current and a third phase current at an AC side of the bidirectional DC/AC module;

an adjusting module configured to adjust the first phase current, the second phase current and the third phase current when a sum of the first phase current, the second phase current and the third phase current is not zero.

16. An electric vehicle comprising a charging system, the charging system comprising:

a power battery;

a first charging interface connected with a first external charging device, and a second charging interface connected with a second external charging device, both the first external charging device and the second external charging device being connected with an external power source;

a first charging control branch connected between the power battery and the first charging interface, and a second charging control branch connected between the power battery and the second charging interface; and

a controller connected with the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively,

wherein during a charge, the controller is configured to;

control the first charging control branch to start to establish a charging path between the power battery and the first charging interface until the first charging control branch enters a half-load operation state in which a charging power of the first charging control branch reaches half-load;

control the second charging control branch to start to establish a charging path between the power battery and the second charging interface until the second charging control branch enters a half-load operation state in which a charging power of the second charging control branch reaches half-load;

after both the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch entered the half-load operation state and stably operate in the half-load state, adjust an operation power of the first charging control branch and an operation power of the second charging control branch so as to make the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch enter a full-load operation state respectively.

17. The electric vehicle according to claim 16, wherein the charging system further comprises:

a high-voltage distribution box connected with the power battery and comprising;

a first pre-charging control module and a first switch connected with the first pre-charging control module in parallel, wherein a first terminal of the first pre-charging control module and a first terminal of the first switch are connected with a first terminal of the power battery respectively, and a second terminal of the first pre-charging control module and a second terminal of the first switch are connected with a second terminal of the first charging control branch and a second terminal of the second charging control branch;

a driving control switch having a first terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery, and connected with a third terminal of the first charging control branch and a third terminal of the second charging control branch respectively,

wherein the first pre-charging control module, the first switch and the driving control switch are connected with the controller respectively.

18. The electric vehicle according to claim 17, wherein when the electric vehicle is in a charge-discharge mode, the controller pre-charges the first charging control branch and the second charging control branch via the first pre-charging control module and controls the first pre-charging control module to turn on, and when a bus voltage of the first charging control branch and a bus voltage of the second charging control branch are a predetermined multiple of a voltage of the power battery, the controller controls the first pre-charging control module to turn off and controls the first switch to turn on.