Vein imaging using detection of pulsed radiation

• US 9,971,948 B1
• Filed: 11/12/2015
• Issued: 05/15/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 11/12/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Herrington, Andrew T., Nawasra, Jawad, Smith, Scott T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Saini, Amandeep
• Application Number:
  US14/938,857
• Time in Patent Office: 915 Days
• Field of Search: 382115
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/32 using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/145 Illumination specially adapted for pattern recognition, e.g. using gratings
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/10 Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/14 Vascular patterns

Abstract

Imaging apparatus includes an image capture device, which includes an optical transmitter, which is configured to emit one or more pulses of infrared radiation toward an area containing a body surface of a living subject, and an optical receiver, which is configured to receive the pulses reflected from the body surface and to generate an output indicative of a modulation of the pulses by tissue below the body surface. A processor is configured to generate, based on the modulation of the pulses, an image of blood vessels located beneath the body surface within the area.

Claims

1. Imaging apparatus, comprising:

an image capture device, which comprises;

an optical transmitter, which is configured to emit one or more pulses of infrared radiation toward an area containing a body surface of a living subject; and

an optical receiver, which is configured to receive the one or more pulses reflected from the body surface and to generate an output indicative of a modulation of the pulses by tissue below the body surface; and

a processor, which is configured to generate, based on the modulation of the one or more pulses, an image of blood vessels located beneath the body surface within the area.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image capture device comprises scanning optics, which are configured to scan a sequence of the pulses over the area.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical transmitter comprises a laser.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pulses emitted by the laser have a duration less than 10 ns.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the duration of the pulses is less than 2 ns.

6. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the infrared radiation emitted by the laser is in a band having a center wavelength greater than 900 nm.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output of the optical receiver is indicative of a shift in a phase of the received pulses.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to compare the image to a stored map of the blood vessels in order to authenticate an identity of the living subject.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to generate, based on a time of flight of the pulses, a three-dimensional map of the body surface.

10. A method for imaging, comprising:

illuminating an area containing a body surface of a living subject with one or more pulses of infrared radiation;

receiving the one or more pulses reflected from the body surface and generating an output, in response to the received pulses, that is indicative of a modulation of the pulses by tissue below the body surface; and

generating, based on the modulation of the one or more pulses, an image of blood vessels located beneath the body surface within the area.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein illuminating the area comprises scanning a sequence of the pulses over the area.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the pulses of the infrared radiation are emitted by a laser.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the pulses emitted by the laser have a duration less than 10 ns.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the duration of the pulses is less than 2 ns.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the infrared radiation emitted by the laser is in a band having a center wavelength greater than 900 nm.

16. The method according to claim 10, wherein the output generated is indicative of a shift in a phase of the received pulses.

17. The method according to claim 10, and comprising comparing the image to a stored map of the blood vessels in order to authenticate an identity of the living subject.

18. The method according to claim 10, and comprising generating, based on a time of flight of the pulses, a three-dimensional map of the body surface.