Fixed frequency discontinuous conduction mode flyback power converters employing zero voltage switching

• US 9,973,098 B2
• Filed: 10/02/2015
• Issued: 05/15/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/19/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Astec International Limited (Emerson Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: Astec International Limited (Emerson Electric Company)
• Inventors: Phadke, Vijay Gangadhar, Begino, III, John Faustino Boqueo
• Primary Examiner(s): Moody, Kyle J
• Application Number:
  US14/873,495
• Publication Number:
  US 20170054375A1
• Time in Patent Office: 956 Days
• Field of Search: 363 2112, 363 2118, 363 5609, 363 5611
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0058 by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero using an auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuit connected to an intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches of an inverter bridge H02M7/4811; in resonant inverters H02M7/4815; in inverters operating from a resonant DC source H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/01 Resonant DC/DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33569 having several active switching elements H02M3/3353 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A power supply system includes a flyback power converter and a control circuit coupled to the flyback power converter. The power converter includes an input, an output, a transformer having a plurality of windings coupled between the input and the output, a first power switch coupled to the transformer and a clamping circuit having a capacitor, a diode, and a second power switch coupled to one of the plurality of windings. The capacitor and the diode are coupled in parallel between the winding and the second power switch. The control circuit is configured to operate the power converter in a discontinuous conduction mode and control the first power switch and the second power switch at a fixed frequency to achieve substantially zero voltage switching during turn on of the first power switch. Various other example power supply systems, power converters, and methods for controlling a power converter are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A power supply system for supplying power to a load, the power supply system comprising:

a flyback power converter including an input for receiving an input voltage, an output for supplying an output voltage, a transformer having a plurality of windings coupled between the input and the output, a first power switch coupled to the transformer, and a clamping circuit having a capacitor, a diode, and a second power switch coupled to one of the plurality of windings, the capacitor and the diode of the clamping circuit coupled in parallel between said one of the plurality of windings and the second power switch; and

a control circuit coupled to the flyback power converter, the control circuit configured to operate the flyback power converter in a discontinuous conduction mode and control the first power switch and the second power switch at a fixed frequency to allow an effective capacitance across the first power switch to discharge to said one of the plurality of windings to cause a voltage across the first power switch to decrease to substantially zero to achieve substantially zero voltage switching during turn on of the first power switch.

2. The power supply system of claim 1 wherein said one of the plurality of windings includes a first end and a second end, wherein the capacitor and the diode are coupled to the first end of said one of the plurality of windings, and wherein the second power switch is coupled to the second end of said one of the plurality of windings.

3. The power supply system of claim 2 wherein said one of the plurality of windings is a secondary winding of the transformer and wherein the second power switch of the clamping circuit is coupled to the secondary winding of the transformer.

4. The power supply system of claim 2 wherein said one of the plurality of windings is a primary winding of the transformer and wherein the second power switch of the clamping circuit is coupled to the primary winding of the transformer.

5. The power supply system of claim 4 wherein the diode is a zener diode.

6. The power supply system of claim 1 wherein the control circuit is configured to provide opposing pulse width modulated signals to the first power switch and the second power switch and wherein ON times of the opposing pulse width modulated signals are separated by a period of time.

7. The power supply system of claim 1 wherein the capacitor is configured to discharge a voltage to said one of the plurality of windings when the second power switch is switched on and wherein the diode is configured to clamp a voltage of said one of the plurality of windings when the capacitor is discharged.

8. The power supply system of claim 7 wherein the diode is configured to prevent the capacitor from charging after the capacitor is discharged when the second power switch is switched on.

9. The power supply system of claim 1 wherein the transformer includes a primary side coupled to the input of the flyback power converter and a secondary side coupled to the output of the flyback power converter and wherein the flyback power converter includes a rectification circuit coupled to the secondary side of the transformer.

10. The power supply system of claim 1 wherein the control circuit is configured to control the second power switch of the clamping circuit to achieve substantially zero voltage switching during turn on of the second power switch.

11. A method for controlling a flyback power converter to operate in a discontinuous conduction mode, the flyback power converter including a transformer having a plurality of windings, a first power switch coupled to the transformer, a capacitor, a diode, and a second power switch coupled to one of the plurality of windings, the capacitor and the diode coupled in parallel between said one of the plurality of windings and the second power switch, the first power switch and the second power switch switched at a fixed frequency to achieve substantially zero voltage switching during turn on of the first power switch, the method comprising:

discharging at least a portion of a voltage of the capacitor to said one of the plurality of windings;

in response to discharging the capacitor, clamping a voltage of said one of the plurality of windings such that current circulates through the diode and the second power switch to prevent the capacitor from being charged; and

switching the second power switch off to drain the voltage of said one of the plurality of windings to an input of the flyback power converter thereby causing a voltage across the first power switch to be substantially zero.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising switching the second power switch on to charge the capacitor to a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage across said one of the plurality of windings.

13. The method of claim 11 further comprising switching the first power switch on after a period of time from when the second power switch is switched off to couple a primary side of the transformer to an input of the power converter.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein said one of the plurality of windings is a secondary winding of the transformer.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein said one of the plurality of windings is a primary winding of the transformer.