Method and apparatus for detecting change in health status

• US 9,974,466 B2
• Filed: 10/03/2012
• Issued: 05/22/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 10/17/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Atlas5D, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Atlas5D, Inc.
• Inventors: Kimmel, Zebadiah M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Akar, Serkan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Negarestan, Farshad
• Application Number:
  US14/352,305
• Publication Number:
  US 20140243686A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,057 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0013 Medical image data A61B1/00011, A61B6/56, A61B8/56 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1113 Local tracking of patients, e.g. in a hospital or private home
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1114 Tracking parts of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1118 Determining activity level
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 for remote operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/30 for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
• CPC Class Codes: G16Z 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass

Abstract

A system for early warning of health status decline includes at least one energy emitter configured to emit energy onto a field-of-view that contains an individual, and at least one energy sensor configured to capture reflected energy from within the field-of-view. A spatial measurement module calculates spatial measurements of a surface portion of the body of the individual when the individual is either stationary or moving about in real-time, based on data from the energy sensor. A comparator module detects deviations in measurements from baseline values indicative of a deterioration in health status of the individual.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring a health status of an individual, the method comprising:

providing, by an energy emitter, over a period of time, energy within a field-of-view for generating a depth map of the field-of-view;

capturing, by an energy sensor, over the period of time, energy reflected from an individual positioned within the field-of-view;

generating, by a processor of a computing device, depth data for the field-of-view based on the captured data from the energy sensor;

at each of a plurality of instances within the period of time, determining, by the processor, a user profile of the individual based at least in part on the generated depth data for the field-of-view, wherein the user profile is a view that the individual presents to the energy sensor at the corresponding instance, wherein the view that the individual presents to the energy sensor is a member selected from the group consisting of a front profile, a side profile, and a back profile;

at each of the plurality of instances within the period of time, selecting, by the processor, one or more direct measurements from a predetermined set of direct measurements of a body of the individual to perform based on the user profile of the individual at the corresponding instance and determining, by the processor, the one or more selected direct measurements of the body of the individual using the generated depth data for the field-of-view at the corresponding instance, thereby repeatedly selecting and determining one or more direct measurements over the period of time in order to track the health status of the individual over time;

determining, by the processor, a plurality of derivative measurements indicative of the health status based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements are repeatedly determined over a period of time in order to track the health status of the individual over time, wherein;

the plurality of derivative measurements comprise measurements that indicate (i) whether the individual is sitting and (ii) a walking speed of the individual, and said determining the plurality of derivative measurements comprises;

determining, by the processor, whether the individual is sitting based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements;

determining, by the processor, a first location of at least a portion of a body part of the individual at a first time based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements;

determining, by the processor, a second location of at least a portion of the body part of the individual at a second time based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements; and

determining, by the processor, the walking speed of the individual based at least in part on a distance between the first location and the second location and a difference between the first time and the second time;

storing in a database, by the processor, at least a portion of the one or more direct measurements and the plurality of derivative measurements such that historic measurements are stored for the individual for use in monitoring the health status of the individual; and

displaying, in real time, the plurality of derivative measurements.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the data captured corresponding to the individual within the field-of-view is captured in real-time while the individual moves about in real-time.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the health status of the individual is monitored without acquiring visual-light images or video.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the energy emitted by the energy emitter comprises a pattern of emitted energy,

the energy detected by the energy sensor comprises a pattern of reflected energy, and

the depth data for the field-of-view is generated based a difference between the pattern of the emitted energy and the pattern of reflected energy.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein

the depth data for the field-of-view is generated based a difference between a phase of the emitted energy and a phase of captured energy.

6. The method of claim 1, comprising:

establishing a first portion of the plurality of derivative measurements as baseline measurements for the individual; and

comparing a second portion of the plurality of derivative measurements against the baseline measurements to detect deviations in the health status of the individual.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein measurements stored in the database are accessible via an online portal wherein the historic measurements for the individual are viewable, wherein an amount of time the individual is sitting and the walking speed of the individual over time are compared to baseline measurements to determine the health status of the individual.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more direct measurements comprise one or more members selected from the group consisting of an angle of left- or right-leaning body relative to horizontal, an angle of forward- or backward-leaning body relative to horizontal, an angle of head-and-neck relative to torso, an angle of head-and-neck relative to torso, an angle of torso relative to legs, a position of hand relative to shoulder, a position of hand relative to other hand, a position of knee relative to hip, a position of knee relative to other knee, a tip of foot, a back of heel, a bottom of sole of foot, a position of foot relative to hip, a position of foot relative to other foot, and a position of head relative to floor.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of a rotation of upper body relative to lower body, a maximum distance between two feet during a stride, a maximum distance between hand and torso during a stride, a maximum angle of rotation at shoulder during a stride, a speed of locomotion, a stride distance of locomotion, a frequency of locomotion, average and/or maximum acceleration of hand and/or foot, a qualitative estimate of stance, a time per day spent standing, a time per day spent walking, and a time per day spent sitting.

10. A system for monitoring a health status of an individual, comprising:

at least one energy emitter for emitting energy within a field of view for generating a depth map of the field-of-view;

at least one energy sensor for capturing energy reflected from the individual positioned within the field of view; and

a computing device comprising a processor and a memory storing instructions thereon, that when executed by the processor, cause the processor to;

generate, over a period of time, depth data for the field-of-view based on the captured data from the at least one energy sensor;

at each of a plurality of instances within the period of time, determine a user profile of the individual based at least in part on the generated depth data for the field-of-view, wherein the user profile is a view that the individual presents to the energy sensor at the corresponding instance, wherein the view that the individual presents to the energy sensor is a member selected from the group consisting of a front profile, a side profile, and a back profile;

at each of the plurality of instances within the period of time, select one or more direct measurements from a predetermined set of direct measurements of a body of the individual to perform based on the user profile of the individual at the corresponding instance and determine the one or more selected direct measurements of the body of the individual using the generated depth data for the field-of-view at the corresponding instance to track the health status of the individual over time;

determine a plurality of derivative measurements indicative of the health status based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements are repeatedly determined over a period of time in order to track the health status of the individual over time, wherein;

the plurality of derivative measurements comprise measurements that indicate (i) whether the individual is sitting and (ii) a walking speed of the individual, and

said determining the plurality of derivative measurements comprises;

determining the-whether the individual is sitting based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements;

determining a first location of at least a portion of a body part of the individual at a first time based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements;

determining a second location of at least a portion of the body part of the individual at a second time based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements; and

determining the walking speed of the individual based at least in part on a distance between the first location and the second location and a difference between the first time and the second time;

store, in a database, at least a portion of the one or more direct measurements and the plurality of derivative measurements such that historic measurements are stored for the individual for use in monitoring the health status of the individual; and

display, in real time, the plurality of derivative measurements.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions stored on the memory, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to compare at least a portion of the plurality of derivative measurements against baseline measurements for the individual to detect deviations indicative of a deviation in health status, wherein the baseline measurements comprise a portion of the plurality of derivative measurements.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein

the energy emitted by the at least one energy emitter comprises a pattern of emitted energy,

the energy detected by the at least one energy sensor comprises a pattern of reflected energy, and

the depth data for the field-of-view is generated based a difference between the pattern of the emitted energy and the pattern of reflected energy.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions stored in the memory, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to extract skeleton data from the generated depth data.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements are determined based at least in part on a combination of the generated depth data and the extracted skeleton data.

15. The system of claim 10, the system comprising a visible light energy sensor configured to acquire visible light.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements are determined based at least in part on a combination of the generated depth data and data corresponding to the acquired visible light.

17. The system of claim 10, wherein the energy emitted by the energy emitter is infrared light and the reflected energy captured by the energy sensor is reflected infrared light.

18. The system of claim 10, wherein the system monitors the health status of the individual without acquiring visual-light images or video.

19. The system of claim 10, wherein

the depth data for the field-of-view is generated based a difference between a phase of the emitted energy and a phase of captured energy.

20. The system of claim 10, wherein measurements stored in the database are accessible via an online portal wherein the historic measurements for the individual are viewable, wherein an amount of time the individual is sitting and the walking speed of the individual over time are compared to baseline measurements to determine the health status of the individual.

21. The system of claim 10, wherein the one or more direct measurements comprise one or more members selected from the group consisting of an angle of left- or right-leaning body relative to horizontal, an angle of forward- or backward-leaning body relative to horizontal, an angle of head-and-neck relative to torso, an angle of head-and-neck relative to torso, an angle of torso relative to legs, a position of hand relative to shoulder, a position of hand relative to other hand, a position of knee relative to hip, a position of knee relative to other knee, a tip of foot, a back of heel, a bottom of sole of foot, a position of foot relative to hip, a position of foot relative to other foot, and a position of head relative to floor.

22. The system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of a rotation of upper body relative to lower body, a maximum distance between two feet during a stride, a maximum distance between hand and torso during a stride, a maximum angle of rotation at shoulder during a stride, a speed of locomotion, a stride distance of locomotion, a frequency of locomotion, average and/or maximum acceleration of hand and/or foot, a qualitative estimate of stance, a time per day spent standing, a time per day spent walking, and a time per day spent sitting.

23. A method of monitoring a health status of an individual, the method comprising:

receiving, by a processor of a computing device, over a period of time, depth data for a field-of-view of an energy sensor, wherein the depth data has been generated based on energy emitted or reflected from the individual that is captured by the energy sensor when the individual is within the field-of-view of the energy sensor;

at each of a plurality of instances within the period of time, determining, by the processor, a user profile of the individual based at least in part on the received depth data for the field-of-view, wherein the user profile is a view that the individual presents to the energy sensor at the corresponding instance, wherein the view that the individual presents to the energy sensor is a member selected from the group consisting of a front profile, a side profile, and a back profile;

at each of the plurality of instances within the period of time, selecting, by the processor, one or more direct measurements from a predetermined set of direct measurements of a body of the individual to perform based on the user profile of the individual at the corresponding instance and determining, by the processor, the one or more selected direct measurements of the body of the user using the received depth data for the field-of-view, thereby repeatedly selecting and determining one or more direct measurements over the period of time in order to track the health status of the individual;

determining, by the processor, a plurality of derivative measurements indicative of the health status of the individual over time based at least in part on the one or more direct measurements, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements are repeatedly determined over a period of time to track the health status of the individual, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements comprise measurements that indicate (i) whether the individual is sitting and (ii) a walking speed of the individual;

storing in a database, by the processor, at least a portion of the plurality of direct measurements and the plurality of derivative measurements such that historic measurements are stored for the individual for use in monitoring the health status of the individual; and

displaying, in real time, the plurality of derivative measurements.

24. The method of claim 23, the method comprising:

prompting the individual to assume a particular user profile.

25. The method of claim 23, the method comprising:

determining, by the processor, a change in the user profile to a second user profile;

determining, by the processor, one or more new direct measurements based at least in part on the second user profile, wherein the one or more new direct measurements are repeatedly determined over a period of time to track the health status of the individual and the one or more new direct measurements are different measurements from the one or more direct measurements;

determining, by the processor, a plurality of derivative measurements indicative of the health status based at least in part on the one or more new direct measurements, wherein the plurality of derivative measurements are repeatedly determined over a period of time in order to track the health status of the individual over time;

storing in a database, by the processor, a portion of the plurality of derivative measurements wherein historic measurements are stored for the individual for use in monitoring the health status of the individual; and

displaying, in real time, the plurality of derivative measurements.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein the energy reflected from the individual is reflected ambient light or reflected energy that has been emitted by an energy emitter.