Digital pre-distortion (DPD) training and calibration system and related techniques

• US 9,979,421 B2
• Filed: 03/02/2016
• Issued: 05/22/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 03/02/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co Limited
• Original Assignee: ETA Devices, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Astrom, Mattias, Briffa, Mark A., Dawson, Joel L., Hoversten, John, Normark, Per-Ludvig B., Tkachenko, Yevgeniy A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Joseph, Jaison
• Application Number:
  US15/058,742
• Publication Number:
  US 20160261295A1
• Time in Patent Office: 811 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3241 using predistortion circuits H03F1/3211, H03F1/3217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/0475 with means for limiting noise, interference or distortion H04B1/0483 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/104 of other parameters, e.g. DC offset, delay or propagation times
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/11 for calibration
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0425 with linearisation using predistortion

Abstract

A radio frequency (RF) transmit system includes an observation receiver coupled to receive a portion of an RF signal propagating along an RF transmit signal path and a digital pre-distortion (DPD) system coupled to the observation receiver and configured to receive one or more signals from the observation receiver and in response thereto, to adapt one or more DPD values of the RF transmit system over a period of time and a range of operating conditions of the RF transmit system and to provide one or more adapted DPD values to said controller.

Claims

1. A radio frequency (RF) transmit system comprising:

a controller configured to provide data signals at an output thereof;

an RF signal generator having an input coupled to the output of said controller, said RF signal generator configured to receive data signals from said controller and in response thereto, to provide an RF signal at an output thereof;

an RF signal path having a first end coupled to the output of said RF signal generator and having a second end, said RF transmit signal path comprising an RF amplifier;

an RF coupler coupled to said RF transmit signal path and disposed to couple a portion of an RF signal from said RF transmit signal path;

an observation receiver having an input and an output, with the input of said observation receiver coupled to said RF coupler and said observation receiver configured to receive the coupled portion of the RF signal from said RF coupler;

a digital pre-distortion (DPD) system having an input coupled to the output of said observation receiver, said DPD system having stored therein one or more initial DPD values selected to ensure that the RF transmit system operates with a signal integrity which meets a minimum desired performance criteria upon initial power on of the RF transmit system and wherein the DPD system is configured to receive one or more signals from said observation receiver and in response thereto, to adapt one or more DPD values of the RF transmit system over a period of time and a range of operating conditions of the RF transmit system and to provide one or more adapted DPD values to said controller; and

a supply modulator coupled to receive one or more DPD values from one of;

said DPD system; and

said controller.

2. The RF system of claim 1 wherein the one or more initial DPD values enable operation of the RF transmit system at a predetermined power efficiency level and a predetermined signal integrity level at middle, low and high portions of a desired RF frequency band.

3. The RF system of claim 1 wherein said observation receiver is configured to process the coupled signal provided thereto and provide feedback information about the coupled signal to said DPD system.

4. The RF transmit system of claim 3, wherein said DPD system comprises a training system configured to adapt the one or more DPD values based upon the provided feedback information.

5. The RF system of claim 1 further comprising an antenna having an input coupled to the second end of the RF signal path and wherein the RF coupler is disposed between an output of the RF amplifier and the input of the antenna.

6. The RF system of claim 1 wherein the one or more DPD values correspond to at least one setting of the supply modulator.

7. The RF system of claim 1 wherein:

said RF amplifier is provided a drain bias terminal;

said supply modulator is coupled to the drain bias port of said RF amplifier to provide a bias voltage to said RF amplifier;

said digital pre-distortion (DPD) system is configured to adapt one or more DPD values of the RF transmit system during an operating time and a range of operating conditions of the RF transmit system, the one or more DPD values corresponding to at least one of;

(i) at least one setting of said supply modulator, and (ii) at least one setting of said RF signal generator; and

the one or more adapted DPD values provide operation of the RF transmit system at a determined power efficiency level to achieve a desired signal integrity level over the range of operating conditions of the RF transmit system.

8. The RF transmit system of claim 1, wherein said DPD system comprises one or more DPD tables configured to store one or more adapted DPD values.

9. The RF transmit system of claim 6, wherein the one or more DPD tables comprise a plurality of specialized DPD tables with each of the specialized DPD tables based upon the provided feedback information for different ones or sets of operating conditions of the RF transmit system.

10. The RF transmit system of claim 6, wherein the one or more DPD tables comprise a single DPD table and wherein the one or more initial predetermined DPD values stored in the single DPD table provide operation of the RF transmit system at a predetermined minimum power efficiency level (and a predetermined minimum signal integrity level at a middle, a low extreme, and a high extreme of a desired frequency band).

11. The RF transmit system of claim 1, wherein the initial predetermined DPD values provide operation of the at least one voltage modulator to provide the bias voltage selected from a single supply voltage level.

12. The RF transmit system of claim 11, further comprising a multilevel power supply wherein the one or more adapted DPD values provide operation of the supply modulator to provide a bias voltage selected from N discrete supply voltage levels, where N is a positive integer greater than one.

13. The RF transmit system of claim 12, wherein the at least one setting of the at least one supply modulator comprises a control signal to select one of the N discrete supply signal levels to bias the RF amplifier.

14. The RF transmit system of claim 1, wherein the initial predetermined DPD values provide operation of the RF transmit system with a predetermined initial compression level.

15. The RF transmit system of claim 14, wherein the one or more adapted DPD values provide operation of the RF transmit system with a determined adapted compression level, the adapted compression level employing higher compression than the predetermined initial compression level.

16. The RF transmit system of claim 1 wherein:

said RF amplifier is a first one of a plurality of RF amplifiers; and

said supply modulator is a first one of a plurality of supply modulators.

17. The RF transmit system of claim 1, further comprising:

at least one filter circuit coupled between the at least one voltage modulator and the at least one RF amplifier, the at least one filter circuit configured to reduce RF signal components at the RF output of the least one RF amplifier,

wherein at least one setting of the at least one filter circuit is adapted in response to one or more operating characteristics of the at least one RF amplifier.

18. A radio frequency (RF) transmit system comprising:

a controller configured to provide data signals at an output thereof;

an RF signal generator having an input coupled to the output of said controller, said RF signal generator configured to receive data signals from said controller and in response thereto, to provide an RF signal at an output thereof;

an RF signal path having a first end coupled to the output of said RF signal generator and having a second end, said RF transmit signal path comprising an RF amplifier;

an RF coupler coupled to said RF transmit signal path and disposed to couple a portion of an RF signal from said RF transmit signal path;

an observation receiver having an input and an output, with the input of said observation receiver coupled to said RF coupler and said observation receiver configured to receive the coupled portion of the RF signal from said RF coupler; and

a digital pre-distortion (DPD) system having an input coupled to the output of said observation receiver, said DPD system having stored therein one or more initial DPD values selected to ensure that the RF transmit system operates with a signal integrity which meets a minimum desired performance criteria upon initial power on of the RF transmit system and wherein the DPD system is configured to receive one or more signals from said observation receiver and in response thereto, to adapt one or more DPD values of the RF transmit system over a period of time and a range of operating conditions of the RF transmit system and to provide one or more adapted DPD values to said controller;

wherein said observation receiver is configured to process the coupled signal provided thereto and provide feedback information about the coupled signal to said DPD system

wherein said DPD system comprises a training system configured to adapt the one or more DPD values based upon the provided feedback information; and

wherein said DPD system is configured to reset and re-adapt the one or more DPD values in response to a change of at least one of the operating conditions of the RF transmit system.

19. A method of operating a radio frequency (RF) transmit system having at least one RF amplifier having an RF input port coupled to an RF source, an RF output port coupled to a transmit signal path, and a drain bias port, at least one voltage modulator coupled to the drain bias port of the least one RF amplifier to provide a bias voltage, and a digital pre-distortion (DPD) system, the method comprising:

operating the RF transmit system in a first operating mode;

adapting one or more DPD values of the DPD system during an operating time and a range of operating conditions of the RF transmit system, the one or more DPD values corresponding to at least one of;

(i) at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator, and (ii) at least one setting of the RF source; and

after operating the RF transmit system in the first operating mode, operating the RF transmit system in at least one operating mode corresponding to the one or more adapted DPD values, wherein the one or more adapted DPD values provide operation of the RF transmit system at a determined maximum power efficiency level to achieve a desired signal integrity level over the range of operating conditions of the RF transmit system

operating a supply modulator coupled to receive one or more DPD values from one of;

said DPD system; and

said controller.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

coupling a signal between the transmit signal path and an antenna of the RF transmit system;

providing the coupled signal to an observation receiver of the RF transmit system;

providing, by the observation receiver, feedback information about the coupled signal to the DPD system; and

adapting the one or more DPD values based upon the provided feedback information.

21. The method of claim 20, comprising:

storing the one or more adapted DPD values in one or more associated DPD tables.

22. The method of claim 21, comprising:

generating one or more specialized DPD tables based upon the provided feedback information for various operating conditions of the RF transmit system.

23. The method of claim 21, comprising:

generating a single DPD table for storing one or more initial predetermined DPD values, wherein the one or more initial predetermined DPD values provide operation of the RF transmit system in the first operating mode.

24. The method of claim 19, comprising:

in the first operating mode, operating the RF transmit system at a predetermined minimum power efficiency level and a predetermined minimum signal integrity level at a desired frequency.

25. The method of claim 19, comprising

in the first operating mode, operating the RF transmit system at a predetermined minimum power efficiency level and a predetermined minimum signal integrity level at a middle, a low extreme, and a high extreme of a desired frequency band.

26. The method of claim 19, comprising:

in the first operating mode, operating the at least one voltage modulator to provide the bias voltage selected from a single supply voltage level.

27. The method of claim 19, comprising:

in the at least one next operating mode, operating the at least one voltage modulator based upon the one or more adapted DPD values to provide the bias voltage selected from N discrete supply voltage levels, where N is a positive integer greater than one.

28. The method of claim 19, comprising:

in the first operating mode, operating the RF transmit system with a predetermined initial compression level.

29. The method of claim 19, comprising:

in the at least one next operating mode, operating the RF transmit system with a determined adapted compression level based upon the one or more adapted DPD values, the adapted compression level employing higher compression than the predetermined initial compression level.

30. The method of claim 19, wherein the operating conditions comprise at least one of:

one or more process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations of one or more components of the RF transmit system, and one or more physical characteristics of one or more components of the RF transmit system.

31. The method of claim 30, comprising:

resetting and re-adapting the one or more DPD values when at least one of the operating conditions of the RF transmit system is changed.

32. The method of claim 19, wherein the at least one setting of the RF source comprises a drive level of the at least one RF amplifier.

33. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

reducing, by at least one filter circuit coupled between the at least one voltage modulator and the at least one RF amplifier, RF signal components at the RF output of the least one RF amplifier; and

adapting at least one setting of the at least one filter circuit in response to one or more operating characteristics of the at least one RF amplifier.