Method of docking an electric vehicle for charging

• US 9,987,939 B2
• Filed: 08/09/2016
• Issued: 06/05/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/09/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Proterra Operating Co., Inc.
• Original Assignee: Proterra AG
• Inventors: Shah, Keyur M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Grant, Robert
• Application Number:
  US15/231,992
• Publication Number:
  US 20180043787A1
• Time in Patent Office: 665 Days
• Field of Search: 320109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/18 Buses
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/62 Vehicle position
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/00 Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles current collectors in general H01R41/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/16 Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/32 by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/35 Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/66 Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0045 concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A method of docking an electric vehicle with a charging station includes periodically transmitting data from the vehicle to the charging station. The transmitted data may include a distance travelled by the vehicle location towards the charging station and its speed. An incremental distance travelled by the vehicle in a time interval between when the data is collected and received is calculated, and the distance corrected based on this calculated value. The relative position of the vehicle with respect to the charging station is determined based on the corrected distance, and a charge head of the charging station is automatically connected with the charging interface of the vehicle based on the determined relative position.

Claims

1. A method of docking an electric vehicle with a charging station, comprising:

collecting data at the electric vehicle;

periodically transmitting information, derived at least partly from the collected data, from the electric vehicle to the charging station as the electric vehicle travels from a first location towards the charging station, the transmitted information including;

a distance (d) travelled by the electric vehicle from the first location towards the charging station; and

a speed (v) of the electric vehicle;

receiving the transmitted information at the charging station;

computing an incremental distance (Δ

d) travelled by the electric vehicle in a time interval (Δ

t) between when the data is collected at the electric vehicle and when the transmitted information is received at the charging station, wherein computing the incremental distance (Δ

d) includes determining a product of the time interval (Δ

t) and the received speed (v);

calculating a corrected distance (d′

) based on the computed incremental distance (Δ

d) and the received distance (d), wherein calculating the corrected distance (d′

) includes calculating the corrected distance as the sum of the received distance (d) and the computed incremental distance (Δ

d);

determining a relative position of the electric vehicle with respect to the charging station based on at least the calculated corrected distance (d′

); and

automatically connecting a charge head of the charging station with a charging interface of the electric vehicle based on the determined relative position.

2. The method of claim 1, further including, using the charging station to identify the electric vehicle at the first location as the electric vehicle approaches the charging station, wherein periodically transmitting the information includes initiating the periodic transmission of the information after the identification.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein identifying the electric vehicle includes reading an identification number of the approaching electric vehicle using a sensor of the charging station.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein computing the incremental distance (Δ

d) includes computing the incremental distance (Δ

d) as a product of the time interval (Δ

t) and the received speed (v).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein automatically connecting the charge head includes lowering the charge head to rest on a roof of the electric vehicle when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches a predetermined value.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein automatically connecting the charge head includes lowering the charge head from an initial position to an intermediate pre-deployment position when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches a first value, and further lowering the charge head from the intermediate pre-deployment position to rest on the roof when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches the predetermined value.

7. The method of claim 5, further including moving the electric vehicle with the charge head resting on the roof until an electrical signal indicative of electrical contact between the charge head and the electric vehicle is received.

8. The method of claim 7, further including charging the electric vehicle using the charge head after receiving the electrical signal.

9. The method of claim 1, further including checking an accuracy of the determined relative position based on structural features of the electric vehicle detected by the charging station.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein computing the incremental distance includes computing the incremental distance accounting for a change in speed (v) of the electric vehicle in the time interval (Δ

t).

10. A method of docking an electric vehicle at a charging station, comprising:

identifying the electric vehicle at a first location as the electric vehicle approaches the charging station, wherein the identifying includes determining whether the electrical vehicle is supposed to be charged at the charging station;

periodically transmitting data packets from the electric vehicle to the charging station, wherein the periodically transmitting includes transmitting successive data packets at a time interval (Δ

t), the transmitted data packets including;

a distance (d) travelled by the electric vehicle from the first location towards the charging station; and

a speed (v) of the electric vehicle;

computing an incremental distance (Δ

d) travelled by the electric vehicle in the time interval (Δ

t);

calculating a corrected distance (d′

) as a sum of the computed incremental distance (Δ

d) and the received distance (d); and

automatically moving a charge head of the charging station to contact a charging interface of the electric vehicle when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches a predetermined value, wherein automatically moving the charge head includes lowering the charge head from an initial position to an intermediate pre-deployment position when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches a first value, and further lowering the charge head from the intermediate pre-deployment position to rest on a roof of the electric vehicle when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches the predetermined value.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein computing the incremental distance (Δ

d) includes determining a product of the time interval (Δ

t) and the received speed (v).

12. The method of claim 10, further including moving the electric vehicle with the charge head sliding on the roof until an electrical signal indicative of electrical contact between the charge head and the electric vehicle is received.

13. The method of claim 12, further including initiating electric current flow from the charge head to the electric vehicle after receiving the electrical signal.

19. The method of claim 10, wherein computing the incremental distance includes computing the incremental distance accounting for a change in speed (v) of the electric vehicle in the time interval (Δ

t).

14. A method of docking an electric vehicle at a charging station, the charging station including a charge head configured to make electrical contact with a charging interface positioned on a roof of the vehicle, comprising:

identifying the electric vehicle at a first location as the electric vehicle approaches the charging station;

periodically transmitting data packets from the electric vehicle to the charging station, wherein the periodically transmitting includes transmitting successive data packets at a time interval (Δ

t), the transmitted data packets including;

a distance (d) travelled by the electric vehicle from the first location towards the charging station; and

a speed (v) of the electric vehicle;

computing an incremental distance (Δ

d) travelled by the electric vehicle in the time interval (Δ

t), wherein computing the incremental distance (Δ

d) includes computing the incremental distance (Δ

d) based on a product of the received speed (v) and the time interval (Δ

t);

calculating a corrected distance (d′

) based on the computed incremental distance (Δ

d), wherein calculating the corrected distance (d′

) includes calculating the corrected distance (d′

) as a sum of the computed incremental distance (Δ

d) and the received distance (d);

detecting structural features on the electric vehicle using one or more sensors located in the charging station;

checking an accuracy of the calculated corrected distance (d′

) based on the detected structural features; and

if the checking indicates that the calculated correct distance (d′

) is accurate, automatically lowering the charge head to contact the charging interface of the electric vehicle when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches a predetermined value.

15. The method of claim 14, further including:

if the checking indicates that the calculated correct distance (d′

) is not accurate, indicating a docking error.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein automatically lowering the charge head includes lowering the charge head from an initial position to an intermediate pre-deployment position when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches a first value, and further lowering the charge head from the intermediate pre-deployment position to rest on the charging interface when the calculated corrected distance (d′

) reaches the predetermined value.

17. The method of claim 16, further including:

moving the electric vehicle with the charge head sliding on the charging interface until an electrical signal indicative of electrical contact between the charge head and the electric vehicle is received; and

initiating electric current flow from the charge head to the electric vehicle after receiving the electrical signal.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein computing the incremental distance includes computing the incremental distance accounting for a change in speed (v) of the electric vehicle in the time interval (Δ

t).