Aqueous redox flow batteries featuring improved cell design characteristics
First Claim
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1. A composition comprising:
- a metal complex containing (a) an unsubstituted catecholate ligand, (b) a substituted catecholate ligand, and (c) a third ligand selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted catecholate ligand, the substituted catecholate ligand, ascorbate, citrate, gluconate, lactate, glycolate, a polyol, glycinate, a hydroxyalkanoate, acetate, formate, benzoate, malate, maleate, phthalate, sarcosinate, salicylate, oxalate, a urea, a polyamine, an aminophenolate, and acetylacetonate;
wherein the metal complex comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Ce, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mo, Ti, U, W, Zn and Zr.
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Abstract
Provided are compositions having the formula MnTi(L1)(L2)(L3) wherein L1 is a catecholate, and L2 and L3 are each independently selected from catecholates, ascorbate, citrate, glycolates, a polyol, gluconate, glycinate, hydroxyalkanoates, acetate, formate, benzoates, malate, maleate, phthalates, sarcosinate, salicylate, oxalate, a urea, polyamine, aminophenolates, acetylacetone or lactate; each M is independently Na, Li, or K; n is 0 or an integer from 1-6. Also provided are energy storage systems.
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20 Claims
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1. A composition comprising:
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a metal complex containing (a) an unsubstituted catecholate ligand, (b) a substituted catecholate ligand, and (c) a third ligand selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted catecholate ligand, the substituted catecholate ligand, ascorbate, citrate, gluconate, lactate, glycolate, a polyol, glycinate, a hydroxyalkanoate, acetate, formate, benzoate, malate, maleate, phthalate, sarcosinate, salicylate, oxalate, a urea, a polyamine, an aminophenolate, and acetylacetonate; wherein the metal complex comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Ce, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mo, Ti, U, W, Zn and Zr. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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- 10. An aqueous solution comprising a composition comprising a metal complex containing (a) an unsubstituted catecholate ligand, (b) a substituted catecholate ligand, and (c) a third ligand selected from the group consisting of the unsubstituted catecholate ligand, the substituted catecholate ligand, ascorbate, citrate, gluconate, lactate, glycolate, a polyol, glycinate, a hydroxyalkanoate, acetate, formate, benzoate, malate, maleate, phthalate, sarcosinate, salicylate, oxalate, a urea, a polyamine, an aminophenolate, and acetylacetonate.
Specification