On and off controlled resonant DC-DC power converter

• US 9,991,805 B2
• Filed: 02/26/2015
• Issued: 06/05/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Danmarks Pã¦Dagogiske Universitet
• Original Assignee: Danmarks Pã¦Dagogiske Universitet
• Inventors: Madsen, Mickey P., Kovacevic, Milovan
• Primary Examiner(s): Finch, III, Fred E
• Application Number:
  US15/110,002
• Publication Number:
  US 20160365795A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,195 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0058 by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero using an auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuit connected to an intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches of an inverter bridge H02M7/4811; in resonant inverters H02M7/4815; in inverters operating from a resonant DC source H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/14 Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/01 Resonant DC/DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33523 with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/337 in push-pull configuration H02M3/33576 takes precedence; with self-oscillating arrangements H02M3/3382, H02M3/3385
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/3376 with automatic control of output voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/338 in a self-oscillating arrangement H02M3/337 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/4818 with means for adaptation of resonance frequency, e.g. by modification of capacitance or inductance of resonance circuits
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a resonant DC-DC power converter comprising an input side circuit comprising a positive and a negative input terminal for receipt of an input voltage or current and an output side circuit comprising positive and negative output terminals for supply of a converter output voltage and connection to a converter load. The resonant DC-DC power converter further comprises a rectification circuit connected between an output of a resonant network and the output side circuit. The resonant network is configured for alternatingly being charged from the input voltage or current and discharged through the rectification circuit by a first controllable switch arrangement in accordance with a first switch control signal. A second controllable switch arrangement of the resonant DC-DC power converter is configured to select a first impedance characteristic of the resonant network in a first switch state and select a second impedance characteristic of the resonant network in a second switch state. An output voltage or current control circuit is configured to adjust the converter output voltage and/or current by activating and interrupting the first switch control signal in accordance with the switch state of the second controllable switch arrangement.

Claims

1. A resonant DC-DC power converter comprising:

a single substantially flat carrier substrate comprising a first surface and a second, opposing, surface,

an input side circuit comprising a positive and a negative input terminal for receipt of an input voltage or current,

an output side circuit comprising positive and negative output terminals for supply of a converter output power, voltage or current and connection to a converter load,

a rectification circuit connected between an output of a resonant network and the output side circuit,

wherein the resonant network is configured for alternatingly being charged from the input voltage or current and discharged through the rectification circuit by a first controllable switch arrangement in accordance with a first switch control signal, wherein a frequency of the switch control signal is at or above 20 MHz,

a second controllable switch arrangement configured to select a first impedance characteristic of the resonant network in a first switch state and select a second impedance characteristic of the resonant network in a second switch state, and

an output voltage or current control circuit configured to adjust the converter output voltage and/or current by activating and interrupting the first switch control signal in accordance with a switch state of the second controllable switch arrangement,

wherein the input side circuit, the output side circuit, the rectification circuit, the resonant network, the first controllable switch arrangement, the second controllable switch arrangement and the output voltage or current control circuit are attached on the first surface and/or second surface of the single substantially flat carrier substrate.

2. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein the second controllable switch arrangement is coupled in series between an output of the rectification circuit and the positive or the negative output terminal to connect the converter load in a conducting switch state and disconnect the converter load in a non-conducting switch state.

3. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein the second controllable switch arrangement is coupled across the output of the resonant network to select the first impedance characteristic of the resonant network in a non-conducing state and the second impedance characteristic of the resonant network in a conducing state.

4. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein the rectification circuit comprises the second controllable switch arrangement;

and

a control circuit configured for generating a control signal for the second controllable switch arrangement synchronously to the first switch control signal.

5. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage or current control circuit comprises:

a self-oscillation feedback loop coupled between an output terminal and a control terminal of the first controllable switch arrangement;

wherein the first impedance characteristic of the resonant network is configured to enable oscillation of the self-oscillation feedback loop; and

the second impedance characteristic of the resonant network is configured to disable oscillation of the self-oscillation feedback loop.

6. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 5, wherein the self-oscillation feedback loop comprises:

a first intrinsic switch capacitance coupled between the output and control terminals of the first controllable switch arrangement,

a first bias voltage source configured to generate a first adjustable bias voltage, and

a first inductor, having a substantially fixed inductance, coupled in-between the first bias voltage source and the control terminal of the first controllable switch arrangement.

7. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein a Q factor of the first impedance characteristic is larger than 5 at a resonance frequency of the first impedance characteristic;

and

a Q factor of the second impedance characteristic is smaller than 2 at a resonance frequency of the second impedance characteristic.

8. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein a resonance frequency of the first impedance characteristic is at least 1.4 times larger than a resonance frequency of the second impedance characteristic.

9. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage or current control circuit comprises:

a voltage or current regulation loop connected between the converter output voltage and a control terminal of the second controllable switch arrangement to adjust the converter output voltage in accordance with one or more DC reference voltage(s) or current(s).

10. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 9, wherein the voltage or current regulation loop comprises:

a DC reference voltage generator configured to supply the one or more DC reference voltage(s) or current(s), and

one or more comparator(s) configured to compare the converter output voltage to at least a first DC reference voltage and select the conducting state or the non-conducting state of the second controllable switch arrangement depending on a result of the comparison.

11. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 10, wherein the DC reference voltage generator is configured to supply a first DC reference voltage and a second DC reference voltage where the first DC reference voltage is higher than the second DC reference voltage;

wherein the one or more comparator(s) is configured to;

compare the converter output voltage to the first and second DC reference voltages;

select one of the conducting and non-conducting states of the second controllable switch arrangement in response to the converter output voltage exceeding the first DC reference voltage, and

select the opposite state of the second controllable switch arrangement in response to the converter output voltage falling below the second DC reference voltage.

12. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, comprising a galvanic isolation barrier arranged between the input side circuit and the output side circuit.

13. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 12, wherein the galvanic isolation barrier comprises first and second coupling capacitors.

14. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein the first controllable switch arrangement comprises one or more semiconductor switches and the second controllable switch arrangement comprises one or more semiconductor switches;

wherein each of the semiconductor switches comprises a semiconductor transistor, a MOSFET, an IGBT, a Gallium Nitride (GaN) MOSFET or a Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFET.

15. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, further comprising:

a wireless or wired data receiver configured to receive remote data commands that control the switch state of the second controllable switch arrangement.

16. The resonant DC-DC power converter according to claim 1, wherein the single substantially flat carrier substrate comprises a single sided or double-sided printed circuit board.

17. A method of operating a resonant DC-DC power converter to generate a converter output voltage or current, said method comprising:

a) alternatingly charging and discharging a resonant network of the resonant converter from an input voltage source by a first controllable switch arrangement in accordance with a first switch control signal having a frequency at or above 20 MHz,

b) rectifying a resonant current of the resonant network,

c) discharging a rectified resonant current through a rectification circuit to produce a rectified output voltage,

d) switching between a first impedance characteristic or a second impedance characteristic of the resonant network by selecting a first or a second switch state of a second controllable switch arrangement, and

e) adjusting a converter output voltage or current by alternatingly activating and interrupting the first switch control signal in accordance with first and second switch states of the second controllable switch arrangement,

wherein the input side circuit, output side circuit, rectification circuit, resonant network, first controllable switch arrangement, second controllable switch arrangement and an output voltage or current control circuit are attached on a first surface and/or second surface of a single substantially flat carrier substrate.