Remote radio head calibration

• US 9,991,972 B1
• Filed: 04/26/2017
• Issued: 06/05/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Dogan, Mithat C., Silverman, Matthew A., Stager, Paul J., Hart, Brian D., Huang, Jiunming
• Primary Examiner(s): Perez, James M
• Application Number:
  US15/497,969
• Time in Patent Office: 405 Days
• Field of Search: 375219-228, 375259-285, 375295-297
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/12 of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/022 Site diversity; Macro-diversity using two or more spaced independent antennas H04B7/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0617 for beam forming
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0204 of multiple channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0248 Eigen-space methods

Abstract

Embodiments herein describe calibrating a plurality of radio heads having a plurality of wireless antennas. In one embodiment, the plurality of radio heads communicate a calibration signal in a round robin fashion such that each of the radio heads communicates a respective calibration signal to the remaining radio heads. In one embodiment, at least one of the radio heads is isolated from the remaining radio heads. The received calibration signals are then used to calibrate the radio heads. In one embodiment, a controller coupled with the plurality of radio heads calibrates the radio heads. The calibrated radio heads then communicate to one or more client devices.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating a first radio head and a second radio head, wherein the first radio head and the second radio head each comprises a respective plurality of antennas, the method comprising:

transmitting, via the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a first calibration signal to the second radio head;

upon determining the first radio head is isolated from the second radio head, re-transmitting the first calibration signal via beamforming of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head;

receiving the re-transmitted calibration signal using the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

transmitting, via the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a second calibration signal to the first radio head; and

calibrating the first radio head and the second radio head based on a calibration vector determined from the first and second calibration signals received at the respective plurality of antennas of the first radio head and the second radio head.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising prior to re-transmitting the first calibration signal via beamforming:

transmitting, via a first subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a third calibration signal to a second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head,

transmitting, via the second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a fourth calibration signal to the first subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, and

calibrating the first and second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head based on the received third and fourth calibration signals.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising:

transmitting, via a first subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a fifth calibration signal to a second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

transmitting, via the second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a sixth calibration signal to the first subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

calibrating the first and second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head based on the received fifth and sixth calibration signals;

determining a stitching coefficient for the first and second radio heads based on the respective calibrated subset of antennas of the first and second radio heads; and

calibrating the first and second radio heads by applying the stitching coefficient to the respective subsets of antennas of the first and second radio heads.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein calibrating the first radio head and the second radio head further comprises:

determining a respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and the second radio head;

forming a matrix comprising the plurality of channel estimates; and

determining an eigenvector comprising the smallest eigenvalue of the matrix.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas further comprises:

determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head based on the received calibration signal from each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head; and

determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head based on the received calibration signal from each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein calibrating the first and second radio heads further comprises:

determining a respective first gain for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and a respective second gain for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head; and

determining a respective first phase for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and a respective second phase for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first radio head and the second radio head are communicatively coupled with a controller, wherein the controller is configured to:

process data received at the first radio head and the second radio head,

determine the first radio head is isolated, and

calibrate the first and second radio head.

8. A system, comprising:

a processor; and

a memory comprising instructions which, when executed on the processor, performs an operation for calibrating a first radio head and a second radio head, wherein the first radio head and the second radio head each comprises a respective plurality of antennas, the operation comprising;

transmitting, via the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a first calibration signal to the second radio head;

upon determining the first radio head is isolated from the second radio head, re-transmitting the first calibration signal via beamforming of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head;

receiving the re-transmitted calibration signal using the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

transmitting, via the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a second calibration signal to the first radio head; and

calibrating the first radio head and the second radio head based on a calibration vector determined from the first and second calibration signals received at the respective plurality of antennas of the first radio head and the second radio head.

9. The system according to claim 8, the operation further comprising prior to re-transmitting the first calibration signal via beamforming:

transmitting, via a first subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a third calibration signal to a second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head,

transmitting, via the second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a fourth calibration signal to the first subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, and

calibrating the first and second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head based on the received third and fourth calibration signals.

10. The system according to claim 9, the operation further comprising:

transmitting, via a first subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a fifth calibration signal to a second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

transmitting, via the second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a sixth calibration signal to the first subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

calibrating the first and second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head based on the received fifth and sixth calibration signals;

determining a stitching coefficient for the first and second radio heads based on the respective calibrated subset of antennas of the first and second radio heads; and

calibrating the first and second radio heads by applying the stitching coefficient to the respective subsets of antennas of the first and second radio heads.

11. The system according to claim 8, wherein calibrating the first radio head and the second radio head further comprises:

determining a respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and the second radio head;

forming a matrix comprising the plurality of channel estimates; and

determining an eigenvector comprising the smallest eigenvalue of the matrix.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas further comprises:

determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head based on the received calibration signal from each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head; and

determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head based on the received calibration signal from each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head.

13. The system according to claim 8, wherein calibrating the first and second radio heads further comprises:

determining a respective first gain for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and a respective second gain for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head; and

determining a respective first phase for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and a respective second phase for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head.

14. The system according to claim 8, wherein the first radio head and the second radio head are communicatively coupled with a controller, wherein the controller is configured to:

process data received at the first radio head and the second radio head,

determine the first radio head is isolated, and

calibrate the first and second radio heads.

15. A computer program product for calibrating a first radio head and a second radio head, wherein the first radio head and the second radio head each comprises a respective plurality of antennas, the computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium program having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a processor to perform an operation comprising:

transmitting, via the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a first calibration signal to the second radio head;

upon determining the first radio head is isolated from the second radio head, re-transmitting the first calibration signal via beamforming of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head;

receiving the re-transmitted calibration signal using the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

transmitting, via the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a second calibration signal to the first radio head; and

calibrating the first radio head and the second radio head based on a calibration vector determined from the first and second calibration signals received at the respective plurality of antennas of the first radio head and the second radio head.

16. The computer program product according to claim 15, the operation further comprising prior to re-transmitting the first calibration signal via beamforming:

transmitting, via a first subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a third calibration signal to a second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head,

transmitting, via the second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, a fourth calibration signal to the first subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head, and

calibrating the first and second subset of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head based on the received third and fourth calibration signals.

17. The computer program product according to claim 16, the operation further comprising:

transmitting, via a first subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a fifth calibration signal to a second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

transmitting, via the second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head, a sixth calibration signal to the first subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head;

calibrating the first and second subset of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head based on the received fifth and sixth calibration signals;

determining a stitching coefficient for the first and second radio heads based on the respective calibrated subset of antennas of the first and second radio heads; and

calibrating the first and second radio heads by applying the stitching coefficient to the respective subsets of antennas of the first and second radio heads.

18. The computer program product according to claim 15, wherein calibrating the first radio head and the second radio head further comprises:

determining a respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and the second radio head;

forming a matrix comprising the plurality of channel estimates; and

determining an eigenvector comprising the smallest eigenvalue of the matrix.

19. The computer program product according to claim 18, wherein determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas further comprises:

determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head based on the received calibration signal from each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head; and

determining the respective channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head based on the received calibration signal from each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head.

20. The computer program product according to claim 15, wherein calibrating the first and second radio heads further comprises:

determining a respective first gain for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and a respective second gain for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head; and

determining a respective first phase for each of the plurality of antennas of the first radio head and a respective second phase for each of the plurality of antennas of the second radio head.