Methods and systems for corneal topography, blink detection and laser eye surgery

• US 9,996,938 B2
• Filed: 07/27/2017
• Issued: 06/12/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AMO Development LLC (Johnson & Johnson)
• Original Assignee: OptiMedica Corporation (Johnson & Johnson)
• Inventors: Gonzalez, Javier G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tabatabai, Abolfazl
• Application Number:
  US15/662,203
• Publication Number:
  US 20170323450A1
• Time in Patent Office: 320 Days
• Field of Search: 382103, 382107, 382236, 348169, 348170, 348171, 348172, 348352
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/103 for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/107 for determining the shape or measuring the curvature of the cornea
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/145 by video means
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2009/00846 Eyetracking
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2009/00882 based on topography
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 9/008 using laser
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/20061 Hough transform
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30041 Eye; Retina; Ophthalmic
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30204 Marker
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0012 Biomedical image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/20 Analysis of motion motion estimation for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals H04N19/43, H04N19/51
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/70 Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras camera calibration G06T7/80

Abstract

A method of blink detection in a laser eye surgical system includes providing a topography measurement structure having a geometric marker. The method includes bringing the topography measurement structure into a position proximal to an eye such that light traveling from the geometric marker is capable of reflecting off a refractive structure of the eye of the patient, and also detecting the light reflected from the structure of the eye for a predetermined time period while the topography measurement structure is at the proximal position. The method further includes converting the light reflected from the surface of the eye into image data and analyzing the image data to determine whether light reflected from the geometric marker is present is in the reflected light, wherein if the geometric marker is determined not to be present, the patient is identified as having blinked during the predetermined time.

Claims

1. A laser eye surgical system capable of blink detection, comprising:

a topography measurement structure having at least one geometric marker, the topography measurement structure being configured to be placed into a position proximal to an eye of a patient such that light traveling from the at least one geometric marker is capable of reflecting off a refractive structure of the eye of the patient;

an image capture device configured to detect light reflected from the eye of the patient for a predetermined time period while the topography measurement structure is at the proximal position, and to convert the detected light into image data; and

control electronics coupled to the image capture device and configured to analyze the image data to determine whether light corresponding to the geometric marker is detected in the reflected light, wherein if the light corresponding to the geometric marker is determined not to be present, the control electronics identifies the patient as having blinked during the predetermined time.

2. The laser eye surgical system of claim 1, wherein the at least one geometric marker comprises a circle.

3. The laser eye surgical system of claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of geometric markers, and the geometric markers comprise at least two concentric circles.

4. The laser eye surgical system of claim 3, wherein the plurality of geometric markers are two concentric circles.

5. The laser eye surgical system of claim 1, wherein the refractive structure of the eye is a cornea.

6. The laser eye surgical system of claim 5, wherein the light is reflected off a tear film of the cornea.

7. The laser eye surgical system of claim 1, wherein the control electronics is configured to analyze the image data by performing at least one of a Hough transform of the image data, fitting the image data and measuring a goodness of fit, and image correlation with geometric marker template.

8. The laser eye surgical system of claim 1, wherein the control electronics is configured to analyze the image data by performing a Hough transform of the image data.

9. The laser eye surgical system of claim 1, wherein the image capture device configured is configured to periodically re-detect the light reflected from the refractive structure of the eye.

10. A laser eye surgical system, comprising:

a topography measurement structure having at least one geometric marker, the topography measurement structure being configured to be placed into a position proximal to an eye of a patient such that light traveling from the at least one geometric marker is capable of reflecting off a refractive structure of the eye of the patient;

an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system for generating structural or position data regarding the eye of the patient, the OCT system generating an OCT measurement beam which passes through the topography measurement structure;

an image capture device configured to capture images of reflected light which is reflected from the refractive structure of the eye of the patient to generate image data; and

control electronics configured to control the OCT system to generate the structural or position data regarding the eye, to control the image capture device to periodically capture the images during at least a portion of a time when the OCT system generates the structural or position data regarding the eye, and to analyze the image data to determine whether light corresponding to the geometric marker was present in the reflected light, wherein if the light corresponding to the geometric marker is determined not to be present, the control electronics identifies the patient as having blinked during the portion of the time.

11. The laser eye surgical system of claim 10, wherein the control electronics controls the OCT system to re-generate the structural or position information regarding the eye of the patient when it identifies the patient as having blinked during the portion of the time.

12. The laser eye surgical system claim 10, wherein the control electronics identifies that the structural or position data corresponding to the time periods during which the patient has been identified to have blinked are not accurate.

13. The laser eye surgical system of claim 10, wherein the control electronics removes structural or position data corresponding to the time periods during which the patient has been identified to have blinked.

14. The laser eye surgical system of claim 10, wherein the at least one geometric marker comprises a circle.

15. The laser eye surgical system of claim 10, wherein there are a plurality of geometric markers, and the geometric markers comprise at least two concentric circles.

16. The laser eye surgical system of claim 15, wherein the plurality of geometric markers are two concentric circles.

17. The laser eye surgical system of claim 10, wherein the refractive structure of the eye is a cornea.

18. The laser eye surgical system of claim 17, wherein the light is reflected off the tear film of the cornea.

19. The laser eye surgical system of claim 10, wherein the control electronics is configured to analyze the image data by performing at least one of a Hough transform of the image data, fitting the image data and measuring a goodness of fit, and image correlation with geometric marker template.

20. The laser eye surgical system of claim 10, wherein the control electronics is configured to analyze the image data by performing a Hough transform of the image data.