Transmission medium and method for facilitating propagation of electromagnetic waves via a core

• US 9,997,819 B2
• Filed: 06/09/2015
• Issued: 06/12/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 06/09/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bennett, Robert, Henry, Paul Shala, Barzegar, Farhad, Gerszberg, Irwin, Barnickel, Donald J, Willis, III, Thomas M.
• Primary Examiner(s): LEE, BENNY T
• Application Number:
  US14/734,073
• Publication Number:
  US 20160365175A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,099 Days
• Field of Search: 333248, 333 24 R
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 11/06 with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 11/1808 Construction of the conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 11/1834 Construction of the insulation between the conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 11/002 Manufacturing hollow waveguides
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/06 Coaxial lines
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/10 Wire waveguides, i.e. with a single solid longitudinal conductor
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/12 Hollow waveguides H01P3/20 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/122 Dielectric loaded (not air)
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/00 Line transmission systems combined with near-field transmission systems H04B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/52 Systems for transmission between fixed stations via waveguides
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/54 Systems for transmission via power distribution lines

Abstract

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a transmission medium for propagating electromagnetic waves. The transmission medium can include a core for propagating electromagnetic waves guided by the core without an electrical return path, a rigid material surrounding the core, wherein an inner surface of the rigid material is separated from an outer surface of the core, and a conductive layer disposed on the rigid material. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Claims

1. A cable, comprising:

a core having a length, wherein the core facilitates propagation of electromagnetic waves guided by the core without requiring an electrical return path and without utilizing an optical frequency;

a shell surrounding at least a portion of the core;

a jacket surrounding the shell and the core, wherein the jacket facilitates reducing exposure of the core to an environment that impedes the propagation of the electromagnetic waves along the core; and

a plurality of metallic conductors surrounding the jacket, wherein the plurality of metallic conductors extends contiguously throughout the length of the core.

2. The cable of claim 1, wherein the plurality of metallic conductors is configured for conducting an electrical signal utilizing the electrical return path, and wherein the shell corresponds to a cladding.

3. The cable of claim 1, wherein the core comprises a conductor having an insulation layer disposed on the conductor, wherein the shell comprises a dielectric material disposed between the insulation layer and the plurality of metallic conductors, and wherein a first dielectric constant of the insulation layer exceeds a second dielectric constant of the dielectric material.

4. The cable of claim 1, wherein the core comprises a first dielectric material, wherein the shell comprises a second dielectric material disposed on the first dielectric material, and wherein a first dielectric constant of the first dielectric material exceeds a second dielectric constant of the second dielectric material.

5. The cable of claim 1, wherein the core comprises a conduit, and wherein the electromagnetic waves are guided inside the conduit.

6. The cable of claim 5, wherein the conduit has an asymmetric structure.

7. The cable of claim 1, wherein the core comprises an uninsulated conductor, wherein the shell comprises a dielectric material disposed between the uninsulated conductor and the plurality of metallic conductors.

8. The cable of claim 1, wherein the jacket comprises a rigid material that produces a radial gap between the jacket and the core, and wherein a portion of the electromagnetic waves propagates in the radial gap.

9. The cable of claim 8, wherein the core comprises a first dielectric material, wherein the radial gap is filled with a second dielectric material, and wherein a first dielectric constant of the first dielectric material exceeds a second dielectric constant of the second dielectric material.

10. A method, comprising:

receiving, at a cable, a communication signal and a power signal; and

propagating, by the cable, guided electromagnetic waves and the power signal, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves convey the communication signal, wherein the cable comprises a core surrounded by a metallic layer, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves are guided by the core without requiring an electrical return path and without utilizing an optical frequency, wherein the core comprises a conductor, wherein the conductor is distinct from the metallic layer, wherein the conductor has an insulation layer disposed thereon, wherein the cable further comprises a dielectric material disposed between the insulation layer and the metallic layer, wherein a first dielectric constant of the insulation layer exceeds a second dielectric constant of the dielectric material, and wherein the power signal propagates on the conductor or the metallic layer of the cable utilizing the electrical return path.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the communication signal is supplied to the cable by a transmission source.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the power signal is supplied to the cable by a power source.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the dielectric material disposed between the insulation layer and the metallic layer comprises a cladding material.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves are bound to the core as a result of the first dielectric constant exceeding the second dielectric constant.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the dielectric material is a rigid material that produces a radial gap between the rigid material and the core.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein a portion of the guided electromagnetic waves propagates in the radial gap.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the radial gap is filled with a second dielectric material.

18. A transmission medium, comprising:

a core that facilitates propagation of guided electromagnetic waves without requiring an electrical return path, the core utilizing an opaque material that is non-conducive for propagation of light waves;

a rigid material surrounding the core, wherein an inner surface of the rigid material is separated from an outer surface of the core; and

a conductive layer disposed on the rigid material.

19. The transmission medium of claim 18, wherein the conductive layer includes a plurality of individual conductors configured to conduct a power signal utilizing the electrical return path.

20. The transmission medium of claim 18, wherein the core comprises a first dielectric material, wherein the rigid material comprises a second dielectric material, and wherein a first dielectric constant of the first dielectric material exceeds a second dielectric constant of the second dielectric material, and wherein the guided electromagnetic waves are bound to the core as a result of the first dielectric constant exceeding the second dielectric constant.