Energy efficient passenger vehicle

• US RE31,156 E
• Filed: 10/17/1980
• Issued: 02/22/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Richard Dessert
• Original Assignee: Richard Dessert
• Inventors: Dessert, Richard
• Primary Examiner(s): Peters, Jr., Joseph F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Smith, Milton L.
• Application Number:
  US06/197,931
• Time in Patent Office: 858 Days
• Field of Search: 180/65 A, 180/65 R, 180/65 B, 180/65 D, 180/65 DD, 180/65 E, 180/2 A, 180/220, 180/243, 180/205, 180/206, 180/207, 180/214, 280/262, 280/263, 280/264, 280/265
• US Class Current: 180/2.2
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/00 Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units B60K7/00 takes precedence; arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion B60K6/00; electric transmission arrangements B60K17/12; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles per se B60L; current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L5/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/04 of the electric storage means for propulsion exchanging batteries for electric propulsion of vehicles B60L53/80; for auxiliary purposes only B60R16/04; supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles B60S5/06
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/53 in combination with an external power supply, e.g. from overhead contact lines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/66 Arrangements of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/13 Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 8/00 Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 8/003 Converting light into electric energy, e.g. by using photo-voltaic systems
• CPC Class Codes: B62K 5/00 Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels cycle supports or stands equipped with additional wheels for ride stabilisation B62H1/12
• CPC Class Codes: B62M 6/40 Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B62M 6/60 power-driven at axle parts
• CPC Class Codes: B62M 6/85 Solar cells
• CPC Class Codes: B62M 6/90 Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7005 Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7044 Controlling the battery or capacitor state of charge
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/705 Controlling vehicles with one battery or one capacitor only
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7083 with the energy being of renewable origin

Abstract

An energy efficient passenger carrying vehicle for road use. The vehicle basically comprises a long, narrow body carrying two passengers in a back-to-back relationship. The vehicle is basically a battery powered electric vehicle that can be charged by all free energy sources; namely, the sun, the wind, human muscles and momentum. The vehicle comprises four modules, namely body, solar, and two power modules. An electric power module is located within each end of the body module. This module includes electric motors driving the vehicle supporting wheels and rechargeable batteries to power the motors. Pedals, similar to those on a bicycle, located at each power module, drive generators to help recharge the batteries during operation of the vehicle, or directly help drive the vehicle wheels. A solar module comprising a large electricity generating solar cell panel covers most of the vehicle roof to aid in charging the batteries. Means are provided to tilt the solar cell panel toward the sun about a longitudinal axis. A unique flexible duct below the solar panel serves to cool the cells and, if desired, heat the passenger compartment. Further energy savings are obtained by canting the rear wheels while steering with the front wheels, so that the vehicle moves down the road at a crab angle which provides a sail effect when wind is from the vehicle beam or aft of the beam. Regenerative braking means can be used when slowing down, on a long down grade, when sailing speed is greater than required, or any other time when vehicle momentum is greater than necessary for vehicle operation, to use the excess forward momentum to drive generators to charge the batteries. Thus, a single battery charge will be conserved and vehicle operation will be assisted in a manner giving maximum vehicle range and speed.

Claims

1. An energy efficient electrically powered vehicle which comprises:

an elongated substantially closed body having two spaced supporting wheels at each end;

a power module at each end of said body comprising electrical batteries and electrical drive means adapted to power said wheels;

an elongated solar panel substantially covered with photovoltaic cells located in the roof of said body adapted to generate electricity to charge said batteries;

means to pivot said solar panel about substantially the panel longitudinal centerline so that said panel may be oriented towards the sun;

flexible duct means attached to the longitudinal edges of said panel, extending around rollers overlappping the sides of said body, forming a substantially uniform volume duct parallel to said panel as said panel is pivoted;

vent means in said body adjacent to the forward and aft ends of said panel adapted to selectively connect said duct to the outside atmosphere and to the interior volume of said vehicle.

2. The vehicle according to claim 1 further including:

two passenger seats located back-to-back at the center of said body;

pedal means adjacent to each power module adapted to be operated by the feet of persons in said seats; and

means to selectively connect said pedal means to one of a generating means to recharge said batteries and a gear means to directly assist in driving said wheels.

3. The vehicle according to claim 2 further including a pocket in each power module adapted to receive one pedal means and means permitting each of said pedal means to be moved between an operative position adjacent to said passenger seats and a housed position in said pockets.

4. The vehicle according to claim 1 wherein the forward pair of wheels may be unlocked for steering and the rear pair of wheels may be locked at a selected offset angle whereby a sail effect may be obtained to increase vehicle forward speed in a side wind condition.

5. The vehicle according to claim 1 further including regenerative braking means to direct braking energy to a generator to aid in recharging said batteries.

6. The vehicle according to claim 1 wherein each seat comprises a fabric supported by a generally elliptical upright tubular frame which serves both to support the seat material and a passenger therein in a semi-reclining position and to serve as a passenger-protecting roll-bar in the event of a vehicle roll over. .Iadd. 7. An energy efficient electrically powered vehicle which comprises:

an elongated substantially closed body having two spaced supporting wheels at each end;

a power module at each end of said body comprising electrical batteries and electrical drive means adapted to power said wheels;

an elongated solar panel substantially covered with photovoltaic cells located in the roof of said body adapted to generate electricity to charge said batteries; and

means to pivot said solar panel about substantially the panel longitudinal centerline so that said panel may be oriented towards the sun. .Iaddend..Iadd. 8. The vehicle according to claim 7, further including a flexible duct means attached to the longitudinal edges of said panel, extending around rollers overlapping the sides of said body, forming a substantially uniform volume duct parallel to said panel as said panel is pivoted. .Iaddend..Iadd. 9. The vehicle according to claim 7, further including vent means in said body adjacent to the forward and aft ends of said panel adapted to selectively connect a duct adjacent said panel to the outside atmosphere and to the interior volume of said vehicle. .Iaddend..Iadd. 10. The vehicle according to claim 7, further including;

two passenger seats located back-to-back at the center of said body;

pedal means adjacent to each power module adapted to be operated by the feet of persons in said seats; and

means to selectively connect said pedal means to one of a generating means to recharge said batteries and a gear means to directly assist in driving said wheels. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 11. The vehicle according to claim 10, further including a pocket in each power module adapted to receive one pedal means and means permitting each of said pedal means to be moved between an operative position adjacent to said passenger seats and a housed position in said pockets. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 12. The vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the forward pair of wheels may be unlocked for steering and the rear pair of wheels may be locked at a selected offset angle whereby a sail effect may be obtained to increase vehicle forward speed in a side wind condition. .Iaddend..Iadd. 13. The vehicle according to claim 7, further including regenerative braking means to direct braking energy to a generator to aid in recharging said batteries. .Iaddend..Iadd. 14. The vehicle according to claim 7, wherein each seat comprises a fabric supported by a generally eliptical upright tubular frame which serves both to support the seat material and a passenger therein in a semi-reclining position and to serve as a passenger-protecting roll-bar in the event of a vehicle roll-over. .Iaddend.