Power driver having short circuit protection

• US RE33,941 E
• Filed: 03/27/1990
• Issued: 05/26/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Semiconductor Components Industries LLC (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Lorincz, Stefan, Braun, Jeffrey J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gaffin, Jeffrey A.
• Application Number:
  US07/499,845
• Time in Patent Office: 791 Days
• Field of Search: 361/87, 361/93, 361/98, 323/278, 323/279, 323/289, 323/351
• US Class Current: 361/87
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/0826 in bipolar transistor switches

Abstract

A power driver including a switch (17) that connects between a power input terminal (12) and a power output terminal (13). A current sense unit (22) provides an over current sense signal if an over current condition should exist with respect to the switch (17). A reference signal unit (23) utilizes a control signal as introduced at a control signal input (11) to provide a threshold current level signal. A comparator (21) compares the latter two signals and provides an enabling signal to a second switch (19) to disable the switch (17) upon detecting an over current condition. The comparator (21) is enabled by the control signal.

Claims

1. A power driver having short circuit protection comprising:

(a) three input/output terminals, wherein;

(i) one of said terminals comprises a power input;

(ii) another of said terminals comprises a power output; and

(iii) another of said terminals comprises a control signal input that receives a control signal, which control signal is unrelated to said power input;

(b) a switch having power terminals connected in series with said power output and said power input, said switch being enabled by said control signal to connect said power input to said power output; and

(c) over current detection means for detecting a level of current through said switch in excess of a threshold current level and for causing said switch to disconnect said power input from said power output upon detecting such an excessive level of current, said over current detection means including comparator means for comparing a first signal that relates to said level of current flowing through said switch against a second signal that relates to said threshold current level, wherein said second signal is formed as a function of said control signal, and said comparator means is enabled by said control signal.

2. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 1 wherein said over current detection means includes a second switch responsive to said comparator means that prevents said control signal from enabling said switch.

3. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 2 wherein said second switch comprises an SCR.

4. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 2 wherein said second switch comprises a transistor latch.

5. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 1 wherein said first signal is provided by a current sense resistor located in series with said power input and said power output.

6. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 5 wherein said current sense resistor connects between said switch and said power output.

7. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 1 wherein said over current detection means includes a voltage divider to provide said second signal.

8. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 7 wherein said voltage divider connects between said control signal input and said power output.

9. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 1 wherein said switch comprises a transistor having a base that connects to allow said transistor to respond to said control signal.

10. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 9 wherein said second signal relates to base emitter voltage for said transistor.

11. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 9 wherein said second signal relates to collector saturation voltage for said transistor.

12. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 11 wherein said over current detection means includes reference signal means that provides said second signal, wherein said reference signal means includes timing means that provides an initially higher threshold current level upon initially providing said control signal to said control signal input.

13. The power driver having short circuit protection of claim 12 wherein said timing means includes a voltage divider and a capacitor.

14. A power driver having short circuit protection comprising:

(a) three input/output terminals, wherein;

(i) one of said terminals comprises a power input;

(ii) another of said terminals comprises a power output; and

(iii) another of said terminals comprises a control signal input that receives a control signal, which control signal is unrelated to said power input;

(b) a transistor switch having power terminals connected in series with said power input and said power output, said transistor switch having a base connected to be responsive to said control signal;

(c) over current detection means for detecting a level of current through said transistor switch in excess of a threshold current level and for causing said transistor switch to disconnect said power input from said power output upon detecting such an excessive level of current, said over current detection means comprising;

(i) current sense means comprising a sense resistor connected in series with said power input and said power output for providing a current sense signal;

(ii) reference signal means comprising a voltage divider that receives said control signal and that divides said control signal down to a reference signal representing a threshold current level;

(iii) comparator means for receiving said current sense signal and said reference signal and for providing an enabling signal when said current sense signal exceeds said reference signal, wherein said comparator means are enabled by said control signal; and

(iv) second switch means responsive to said enabling signal from said comparator means to divert said control signal away from said base of said transistor switch to thereby disable said transistor switch when an over current condition has been sensed.

15. A power driver having short circuit protection comprising:

(a) three input/output terminals, wherein;

(i) one of said terminals comprises a power input;

(ii) another of said terminals comprises a power output; and

(iii) another of said terminals comprises a control signal input that receives a control signal, which control signal is unrelated to said power input;

(b) a transistor switch having power terminals connected in series with said power input and said power output, said transistor switch having a base connected to be responsive to said control signal;

(c) over current detection means for detecting a level of current through said transistor switch in excess of a threshold current level and for causing said transistor switch to disconnect said power input from said power output upon detecting such an excessive level of current, said over current detection means comprising;

(i) an over current sense unit comprising a voltage divider biased by collector saturation voltage for said transistor switch such that said over current sense unit provides an over current sense signal;

(ii) reference signal means for providing a threshold currrent level signal, said reference signal means including a voltage divider that divides down said control signal input to provide said threshold current level signal, and a capacitor that initially causes said threshold current level signal, when said control signal is initially applied to said control signal input, to substantially equal a larger threshold current level signal;

(iii) comparator means for receiving said over current sense signal and said threshold current level signal and for providing an enabling output signal when said over current sense signal exceeds said threshold current level signal, wherein said comparator means are enabled by said control signal; and

(iv) second switch means responsive to said enabling signal from said comparator means for diverting said control signal away from said transistor switch to thereby disable said transistor switch when an over currnet condition has been sensed.

16. A power driver having short circuit protection comprising:

(a) three input/output terminals, wherein;

(i) one of said terminals comprises a power input;

(ii) another of said terminals comprises a power output; and

(iii) another of said terminals comprises a control signal input that receives a control signal, which control signal is unrelated to said power input;

(b) a transistor switch having power terminals connected in series with said power input and said power output, said transistor switch having a base connected to be responsive to said control signal;

(c) over current detection means for detecting a level of current through said transistor switch in excess of a threshold current level and for causing said transistor switch to disconnect said power input from said power output upon detecting such an excessive level of current, said over current detection means comprising;

(i) over current sense means comprising a conductive path connected to the base of said transistor switch for providing an over current sense signal;

(ii) reference signal means comprising a voltage divider for dividing down said control signal to a threshold current level signal;

(iii) comparator means for receiving said over current sense signal and said threshold current level signal and for providing an enabling signal when said over current sense signal exceeds said threshold current level signal, wherein said comparator means are enabled by said control signal; and

(iv) second switch means responsive to said enabling signal from said comparator means for diverting said control signal from said base of said transistor switch to thereby disable said transistor switch in response to sensing an over current condition. .Iadd.

17. A power driver having short circuit protection comprising:

(a) three input/output terminals, wherein;

(i) one of said terminals comprises a power input;

(ii) another of said terminals comprises a power output; and

(iii) another of said terminals comprises a control signal input that receives a control signal, which control signal is unrelated to said power input;

(b) a switch having power terminals connected in series with said power output and said power input, said switch being enabled by said control signal to connect said power input to said power output; and

(c) over current detection means, including means generating a first signal that relates to said level of current flowing through said switch, means for generating a second signal that relates to a threshold current level, and disconnect means responsive to said first signal exceeding the second signal for disconnecting said power input from said power output, said second signal and said disconnect means being enabled by said control signal. .Iaddend.