NMR imaging method

• US RE34,495 E
• Filed: 07/03/1991
• Issued: 01/04/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 07/10/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Medical Corporation (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Ozawa, Yasuhiko, Sano, Koichi, Koizumi, Hideaki, Sato, Shinichi, Yokoyama, Tetsuo, Takeda, Ryuzaburo
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S.
• Application Number:
  US07/725,514
• Time in Patent Office: 916 Days
• Field of Search: 128/653.2, 128/653.3, 324/306, 324/307, 324/309
• US Class Current: 600/410
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/716 using electron paramagnetic resonance [EPR] or nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 5/00 Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft application of speed-measuring devices for measuring volume of fluid G01F
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/56308 Characterization of motion or flow; Dynamic imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/56316 involving phase contrast techniques

Abstract

A slice selection gradient magnetic field used in a pulse sequence for generating a spin echo signal is applied in such a fashion that its polarity at the time of a 90° pulse becomes opposite to the one at the time of 180° pulse, in order to expand a dynamic range of blood flow speed measurement. When the blood flow speed contains a component in a slice vertical direction, the gradient magnetic field in the slice vertical direction is adjusted so that the phase changes of two sets of flow encoded pulses contained in the slice vertical direction are opposite to each other.

The flow speed in the direction of the readout gradient magnetic field, which is a lateral direction of the slice plane, is purely measured by canceling influences of the flow in the slice vertical direction.

Claims

1. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging method utilizing an NMR apparatus comprising the steps of generating a magnetostatic field, a radio frequency (RF) magnetic field, and a gradient magnetic field including a slice selection gradient magnetic field which is applied in different polarities at the time of application of a 90°

pulse and the time of application of a 180°

pulse, the generated fields being applied to an object to be imaged;

detecting by picking up an NMR signal from the object;

removing a phase change due to distortion of the apparatus; and

calculating including performing calculations for reconstruction of an image, for the signal thus detected.

2. An NMR imaging method according to claim 1, wherein the applying time of said slice selection gradient magnetic field at the applying time of said 180°

pulse is determined independently from the applying time of said 180°

pulse.

3. An NMR imaging method according to claim 2, wherein the applying time of said slice selection gradient magnetic field at the applying time of said 180°

pulse is determined so that the phase angle of the NMR signal at the applying time of said 90°

pulse is cancelled and becomes substantially zero at the applying time of said 180°

pulse.

4. An NMR imaging method according to claim 3, wherein said slice selection gradient magnetic field includes a gradient field providing a phase angle proportional to the moving speed of the object.

5. An NMR imaging method according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating the gradient magnetic field includes applying an inversion gradient field in succession to said slice selection gradient magnetic field which is applied at an applying time of said 90°

pulse, and at a timing which is changed relative to said applying time of said 90°

pulse.

6. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging method utilizing an NMR apparatus comprising the steps of generating a magnetostatic field, a radio frequency (RF) magnetic field, and a gradient magnetic field the generated fields being applied to an object to be imaged;

detecting by picking up an NMR signal from the object;

removing a phase change due to distortion of the apparatus; and

calculating including performing calculations for reconstruction of an image for the signal thus detected;

wherein the step of generating the gradient magnetic field includes generating the gradient magnetic field in a sequence in a predetermined direction so that a speed component of the object in a direction of read out gradient magnetic field for the detected signal corresponds to a phase angle of the detected signal, and wherein the generated sequence for the gradient magnetic field by which speed is measured is determined by applying a slice selection gradient magnetic field with different polarities at a time of application of a 90°

pulse and a time of application of a 180°

pulse so that influences upon the phase angle by a motion component of the object in a direction other than the direction of the read out gradient magnetic field can be substantially neglected, whereby the speed component of the object in the direction of the read out gradient magnetic field is correctly determined with one imaging.

7. An NMR imaging method according to claim 6, wherein the gradient magnetic field sequence includes a gradient magnetic field having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the read out gradient magnetic field and which is applied before applying a gradient field in the direction of the read out gradient magnetic field.

8. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging method utilizing an NMR apparatus comprising the steps of generating a magnetostatic field, a radio frequency (RF) magnetic field, and a gradient magnetic field, the generated fields being applied to an object to the imaged;

detecting by picking up an NMR signal from the object;

removing a phase change due to distortion of the apparatus; and

calculating including performing calculations for reconstruction of an image for the signal thus detected;

wherein the step of generating the gradient magnetic field includes generating the gradient magnetic field in a sequence ina predetermined direction so that a speed component of the object in a direction of a read out gradient magnetic field for the detected signal corresponds to phase angle of the detected signal, and wherein the generated sequence for the gradient magnetic field by which speed is measured is determined by applying a slice selection gradient magnetic field and a flow encode pulse which makes the phase rotation opposite to the phase rotation generated by the slice selection gradient magnetic field so that influences upon the phase angle by a motion component of the object in a direction other than the direction of the read out gradient magnetic field can be substantially neglected, whereby the speed component of the object in the direction of the read out gradient magnetic field is correctly determined with one imaging.

9. An NMR imaging method according to claim 8, wherein the gradient magnetic field sequence includes a gradient magnetic field having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the read out gradient magnetic field and which is applied before applying a gradient field in the direction of the read out gradient magnetic field. .Iadd.

10. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging method utilizing an NMR apparatus, comprising the steps of generating a magnetostatic field, a radio frequency (RF) magnetic field, and gradient magnetic fields including a slice selection gradient magnetic field which is applied so that a change in phase rotation due to motion in a slice selection direction is cancelled and becomes substantially zero, the generated fields being applied to an object to be imaged;

detecting by picking up at least one NMR signal from the object; and

calculating including performing calculations for reconstruction of an image for the at least one signal thus detected. .Iaddend. .Iadd.11. An NMR imaging method according to claim 10, wherein the step of applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field includes applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field at a time of application of a 90°

pulse and a 180°

pulse. .Iaddend. .Iadd.12. An NMR imaging method according to claim 10, wherein the step of applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field includes applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field in different polarities at a time of application of a 90°

pulse and a time of application of a 180°

pulse. .Iaddend. .Iadd.13. An NMR imaging method according to claim 10, wherein the step of applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field includes applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field so that a change in phase rotation due to a motion of blood flow is cancelled and becomes substantially zero. .Iaddend.

11. Iadd.4. A nuclear magnetic resonance NMR imaging method utilizing an NMR apparatus, comprising the steps of generating a magnetostatic field, a radio frequency (RF) magnetic field, and gradient magnetic fields including a slice selection gradient magnetic field which is applied so that a change in phase rotation due to motion in a slice selection direction is cancelled and becomes substantially zero, the generated fields being applied to an object to be imaged;

detecting by picking up at least one NMR signal from the object;

removing a phase change due to direction of the apparatus; and

calculating including performing calculations for reconstruction of an image for the at least one signal thus detected. .Iaddend. .Iadd.15. An NMR imaging method according to claim 14, wherein the step of applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field includes applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field at a time of application of a 90°

pulse and a 180°

pulse. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. An NMR imaging method according to claim 14, wherein the step of applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field includes applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field in different polarities at a time of application of a 90°

pulse and a time of application of a 180°

pulse. .Iaddend. .Iadd.17. An NMR imaging method according to claim 14, wherein the step of applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field includes applying the slice selection gradient magnetic field so that a change in phase rotation due to a motion of blood flow is cancelled and becomes substantially zero. .Iaddend.