Optical device having low visual light transmission and low visual light reflection
First Claim
1. A solar control film having low visible light transmittance and low visible light reflectance comprising . ...!.a first sheet of transparent substrate material having thereon a thin, incoherent, transparent film of metal effective to partially block visible light transmittance and having a preselected low visible light reflectance,a second sheet of transparent substrate material having thereon a thin, incoherent, transparent film of metal effective to partially block visible light transmittance and having a preselected low visible light reflectance, anda layer of adhesive bonding said first and second sheets to one another with the films of metal facing one another and separated and optically decoupled from one another,the bonded sheets forming a composite film having a combined visible light transmittance blocking effect equal approximately to the sum of the blocking effects of the incoherent films and visible light reflectance substantially equal to the visible light reflectance of just one of the incoherent films, the visible light reflectance of each incoherent film being such that the visible light reflectance of the composite film .Iadd.on clear glass .Iaddend.does not exceed about 12% when visible light transmittance is .Iadd.within the range of from about 35% up to .Iaddend.about 50% . .or less.!., .Iadd.and .Iaddend.does not exceed about 15% when visible light transmittance is about 35% or less . .and does not exceed about 20% when visible light transmittance is about 25% or less.!..
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Accused Products
Abstract
A solar control film having low visible light transmittance and low visible light reflectance is comprised of two or more transparent substrates each bearing a thin, transparent, discontinuous, incoherent film of metal having low visible light reflectance and a degree of visible light blocking capacity, the substrates being so assembled and laminated into a composite that the visible light blocking capacities of the metal films are effectively combined to provide a composite having low visible light transmittance. Performance characteristics are enhanced by providing on one or more of the substrates a transparent coating of high refractive index underlying the metal film. The material of high refractive index is preferably a synthetic high oxygen content oxide of bismuth, which facilitates efficient and economical production of the solar control film.
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. A solar control film having low visible light transmittance and low visible light reflectance comprising . ...!.
a first sheet of transparent substrate material having thereon a thin, incoherent, transparent film of metal effective to partially block visible light transmittance and having a preselected low visible light reflectance, a second sheet of transparent substrate material having thereon a thin, incoherent, transparent film of metal effective to partially block visible light transmittance and having a preselected low visible light reflectance, and a layer of adhesive bonding said first and second sheets to one another with the films of metal facing one another and separated and optically decoupled from one another, the bonded sheets forming a composite film having a combined visible light transmittance blocking effect equal approximately to the sum of the blocking effects of the incoherent films and visible light reflectance substantially equal to the visible light reflectance of just one of the incoherent films, the visible light reflectance of each incoherent film being such that the visible light reflectance of the composite film .Iadd.on clear glass .Iaddend.does not exceed about 12% when visible light transmittance is .Iadd.within the range of from about 35% up to .Iaddend.about 50% . .or less.!., .Iadd.and .Iaddend.does not exceed about 15% when visible light transmittance is about 35% or less . .and does not exceed about 20% when visible light transmittance is about 25% or less.!..
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8. A solar control film having low visible light transmittance and low visible light reflectance comprising
a first sheet of transparent substrate material bearing thereon a thin transparent layer of a material of high refractive index and a thin, transparent, incoherent coating of metal overlying the material of high refractive index, the metal film being effective to partially block visible light transmittance through the coated substrate and having a preselected low visible light reflectance, a second sheet of transparent substrate material bearing thereon a thin transparent layer of a material of high refractive index and a thin, transparent, incoherent coating of metal overlying the material of high refractive index, the metal film being effective to partially block visible light transmittance through the coated substrate and having a preselected low visible light reflectance, and a layer of adhesive bonding said first and second sheets to one another with the films of metal facing one another and optically decoupled and separated from one another, the bonded sheets forming a composite film having a combined visible light transmittance blocking effect equal approximately to the sum of the blocking effects of the incoherent films and low visible light reflectance substantially equal to the visible light reflectance of just one of the incoherent films, the visible light reflectance of each incoherent film being such that the visible light reflectance of the composite film . .does not exceed about 20% when visible light transmittance is no greater than about 25%,.!. .Iadd.on clear glass .Iaddend.does not exceed about 15% when visible light transmittance is no greater than about 35% and does not exceed about 12% when visible light transmittance is .Iadd.within the range of from about 35% .Iaddend.up to about 50%.
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12. A method of making solar control films having low visible light transmittance and low visible light reflectance comprising the steps of
depositing onto a transparent substrate a thin, incoherent, transparent coating of metal that is effective to partially block visible light transmittance through the coated substrate and that is sufficiently thin and incoherent as to have a preselected low visible light reflectance, assembling into a composite film a plurality of the coated substrates such that the incoherent metal coatings face one another internally of the composite film and are separated and optically decoupled from one another and such that the metal coatings together provide a combined visible light blocking effect sufficient to provide a preselected low level of visible light transmittance through the composite film, and laminating the coated substrates to one another to provide a composite film having a combined visible light transmittance blocking effect equal approximately to the sum of the blocking effects of the incoherent metal coatings and low visible light reflectance substantially equal to the visible light reflectance of just one of the incoherent metal coatings, the visible light reflectance of each incoherent metal coating being such that the visible light reflectance of the composite film . .does not exceed about 20% when visible light transmittance is no greater than about 25%,.!. .Iadd.on clear glass .Iaddend.does not exceed about 15% when visible light transmittance is no greater than about 35% and does not exceed about 12% when visible light. transmittance is .Iadd.within the range of from about 35% .Iaddend.up to about 50%.
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17. the range of from about 20% to about 50%..Iaddend..Iadd.21. A solar control film having low visible light transmittance and low visible light reflectance comprising
a first sheet of transparent substrate material having thereon a thin, incoherent, transparent film of metal effective to partially block visible light transmittance and having a preselected low visible light reflectance, a second sheet of transparent substrate material having thereon a thin incoherent, transparent film of metal effective to partially block visible light transmittance and having a preselected low visible light reflectance, and a layer of adhesive bonding said first and second sheets to one another with the films of metal facing one another and separated and optically decoupled from one another, the bonded sheets forming a composite film having a combined visible light transmittance blocking effect equal approximately to the sum of the blocking effects of the incoherent films and visible light reflectance substantially equal to the visible light reflectance of just one of the incoherent films, the composite film having on clear glass a visible light transmittance within the range of 20% to 50% and a visible light reflectance no greater than 15% when visible light transmittance is within the range of 20% to 35% and no greater than 12% when visible light transmittance is within the range of 35% to 50%..Iaddend.
Specification