Frequency-modulated converter with a series-parallel resonance
First Claim
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1. Frequency-modulated converter with series-parallel resonance, particularly for driving any ohmic or inductive load (RG), including gas discharge tubes, wherein a commutating switch (Q) in the form of a transistor is provided connected in series between the negative electrode of a direct voltage source and a first terminal of an inductor (L), wherein a pulse generator circuit between the voltage source and control electrode of the transistor (Q) is provided and wherein the second terminal of the inductor (L) is connected to a primary winding (P) of a transformer (T), and the frequency modulated converter comprises a first series resonance capacitor (C1) and a rectifier diode (D2) provided in a first and second parallel branch respectively between the charge emitting and the charge receiving electrode of the transistor (Q), a second parallel resonance capacitor (C3) provided across the electrodes of the voltage source and additionally providing a smoothing capacitance for the voltage source, said second capacitor (C3) being connected in series with the inductor (L) via the diode (D2);
- wherein the transistor (Q) is in high ohmic state initiating another series-parallel resonance when switched to the high ohmic mode, the relationship between the inductor voltage UL and the capacitance of capacitor (C1) determining the series resonance frequency of a first half-cycle, the inductor voltage UL and the capacitance of the capacitor (C3) determining the parallel resonance frequency of a second half-cycle, each half-cycle of the resonant period being kept in time by the transistor (Q) in the high ohmic state, the transformer (T), the inductor (L) and the capacitors (C1, C3) thus constituting an RCL resonator operating in series-parallel to the transistor voltage source, the quality factor of the resonator being determined by the relationship between the inductor voltage UL or the capacitor voltage UC1 and UC2 respectively and the supply voltage U, and that the load (RG) being connected between the terminals of a first secondary winding (S1) in the transformer (T), such that the load (RG) is connected in series with the inductor (L) consuming energy in each half-cycle of the resonance period from both the inductor and the direct voltage source, the transistor thus operating in series with the voltage source in the first half-cycle and in parallel with the voltage source in the second half-cycle, all the time carrying a fraction of the total energy consumed by the load RG, and wherein for driving hot cathode gas discharge tubes, the terminals of the first secondary winding (S1) is connected to a capacitor (C6) via the electrodes (K1, K2) of the gas discharge tube, the secondary winding (S1) and the capacitor (C6) being adapted to the resonant frequency of the transformer (T) in the heated state of electrodes (K1, K2).
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Abstract
A frequency-modulated converter with a series-parallel resonance, particularly for driving any ohmic or inductive load, including gas discharge tubes, wherein a commutating voltage switch in the form of a transistor is provided and is connected in series between a negative electrode of a direct current voltage source and a first terminal of an inductor, and a pulse generator circuit is provided between the voltage source and the transistor'"'"'s control electrode and the inductor'"'"'s second terminal is connected to the primary winding of a transformer.
A first capacitor and rectifier diode are also provided in a first and second parallel branch respectively between the transistor'"'"'s charge receiving and charge emitting electrodes, and a second capacitor is provided across the voltage source'"'"'s electrodes, and a smoothing capacitance is provided for the voltage source, the second capacitor being connected in series with the inductor via the diode.
7 Citations
20 Claims
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1. Frequency-modulated converter with series-parallel resonance, particularly for driving any ohmic or inductive load (RG), including gas discharge tubes, wherein a commutating switch (Q) in the form of a transistor is provided connected in series between the negative electrode of a direct voltage source and a first terminal of an inductor (L), wherein a pulse generator circuit between the voltage source and control electrode of the transistor (Q) is provided and wherein the second terminal of the inductor (L) is connected to a primary winding (P) of a transformer (T), and the frequency modulated converter comprises a first series resonance capacitor (C1) and a rectifier diode (D2) provided in a first and second parallel branch respectively between the charge emitting and the charge receiving electrode of the transistor (Q), a second parallel resonance capacitor (C3) provided across the electrodes of the voltage source and additionally providing a smoothing capacitance for the voltage source, said second capacitor (C3) being connected in series with the inductor (L) via the diode (D2);
- wherein the transistor (Q) is in high ohmic state initiating another series-parallel resonance when switched to the high ohmic mode, the relationship between the inductor voltage UL and the capacitance of capacitor (C1) determining the series resonance frequency of a first half-cycle, the inductor voltage UL and the capacitance of the capacitor (C3) determining the parallel resonance frequency of a second half-cycle, each half-cycle of the resonant period being kept in time by the transistor (Q) in the high ohmic state, the transformer (T), the inductor (L) and the capacitors (C1, C3) thus constituting an RCL resonator operating in series-parallel to the transistor voltage source, the quality factor of the resonator being determined by the relationship between the inductor voltage UL or the capacitor voltage UC1 and UC2 respectively and the supply voltage U, and that the load (RG) being connected between the terminals of a first secondary winding (S1) in the transformer (T), such that the load (RG) is connected in series with the inductor (L) consuming energy in each half-cycle of the resonance period from both the inductor and the direct voltage source, the transistor thus operating in series with the voltage source in the first half-cycle and in parallel with the voltage source in the second half-cycle, all the time carrying a fraction of the total energy consumed by the load RG, and wherein for driving hot cathode gas discharge tubes, the terminals of the first secondary winding (S1) is connected to a capacitor (C6) via the electrodes (K1, K2) of the gas discharge tube, the secondary winding (S1) and the capacitor (C6) being adapted to the resonant frequency of the transformer (T) in the heated state of electrodes (K1, K2).
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A frequency-modulated converter with series-parallel resonance, particularly for driving any ohmic or inductive load (RG), including gas discharge tubes, wherein a commutating voltage switch (Q) in the form of a transistor is connected in series between the negative electrode of a direct voltage source and a first terminal of an inductor (L,P), wherein a pulse generator circuit is provided between the voltage source and a control electrode of the transistor (Q) with a transformer (T), and further comprising:
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a first capacitor (C1) and a rectifier diode (D2) provided in a first and second parallel branch respectively between the charge emitting and the charge receiving electrode of the transistor (Q);
a second capacitor (C3) provided across the electrodes of the voltage source, said second capacitor (C3) being connected in series with the inductor (L) via the diode (D2);
said first capacitor (C1) and said inductor (L) together forming a series resonance circuit, the relationship between the inductor voltage UL and the capacitance of the first capacitor (C1) determining the series resonance frequency of a first half-cycle;
said second capacitor (C3) and said inductor L together form a parallel resonance circuit, the relationship between inductor voltage UL and the capacitance of the second capacitor (C3) determining the parallel resonance frequency of a second half-cycle, the capacitor (C3) having a capacitance which is several times greater than that of the capacitor (C1), that said transistor (Q) being in a high ohmic state during both the series and parallel resonance mode;
said diode (D2) acting as an impedance selector between the capacitors (C1, C3) to maintain the correct current flow in the transformer (T) and the load (RG) is conducting in the parallel resonance mode, charging the capacitor (C3) above the voltage source level, before the transistor (Q) is switched into a low ohmic state and completes the parallel resonance mode and then initiates another series-parallel resonance when switched into the high ohmic state, each half-cycle of the resonant period being kept in time by the switching of the transistor (Q) into the high ohmic state, the transformer (T), the inductor (L), and the capacitors (C1, C3) thus constituting a RCL resonator operating in series-parallel to the transistor (Q), the quality factor of the resonator being determined by the relationship between the inductor voltage UL and the capacitor impedances ZC1 and ZC3 respectively and the supply voltage U, and said load (RG) being connected between the terminals of a first secondary winding (S1) in the transformer (T), such that the load (RG) is connected in series with the inductor (L,P) consuming energy in each half-cycle of the resonance period from both the conductor and the direct voltage source, the transistor (Q) thus operating as a commutating voltage switch in series with the voltage source in the first half-cycle and in parallel with the voltage source in the second half-cycle, all the time carrying a fraction of the total energy consumed by the load (RG). - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Current AssigneeLumicae Patent AS
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Original AssigneeLumicae Patent AS
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InventorsHartai, Julius
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Primary Examiner(s)SMITH, ZANDRA V
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Application NumberUS09/084,625Time in Patent Office2,233 DaysField of Search315/209.R, 315/219, 315/222, 315/223, 315/206US Class Current315/209.00RCPC Class CodesH02M 7/5383 in a self-oscillating arran...H05B 41/28 using static convertersH05B 41/2824 using control circuits for ...Y02B 70/1441 in DC/AC or AC/DC converters
