Cellular radio routing system

• US RE40,258 E1
• Filed: 04/24/2006
• Issued: 04/22/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 09/14/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: JSDQ Mesh Technologies LLC
• Original Assignee: Jdsq Two, LLC
• Inventors: Schloemer, Jerry R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gelin, Jean
• Application Number:
  US11/410,337
• Time in Patent Office: 729 Days
• Field of Search: 455/445, 455/432.3, 455/552.1, 455/562.1, 455/452.1, 455/561, 455/513, 455/13.1, 455/63.4, 455/11.1, 455/525, 455/435.2, 370/315, 370/334, 379/219, 379/220.01
• US Class Current: 455/445
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2606 Arrangements for base station coverage control, e.g. by using relays in tunnels
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/26 Cell enhancers or enhancement, e.g. for tunnels, building shadow
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/28 using beam steering
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/00 Communication routing or communication path finding
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/06 based on characteristics of available antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/12 Setup of transport tunnels
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 92/045 between access point and backbone network device
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 92/16 Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices

Abstract

A routing system of call connection and call routing for radio telephone communications system including cellular radio systems wherein the mobiles transmit on channels in a first band, and the bases transmit on channels in a second band. The routes are selectable from more than one possible route to a desired destination using routing tables to permit different destinations for different calls selectively based on telephone number indications. The system includes multiple blind nodes that do not support direct base to mobile communication. The blind nodes transmitting in the band used for transmission by the mobiles, and nodes receive in the band used for receiving by the mobiles such that the system performs in a limited number of bands of frequencies.

Claims

1. In multi-node, multi-remote radio telephone systems, a method of call connection and call routing between said multiple nodes comprising:

a) using destination number designations and routing tables to select different routes for different calls;

b) utilizing directional or beam antennae for communications between said nodes;

c) providing a first set of beams from a first node, and providing a second set of beams from a second node, a beam from the first node and a beam from the second node comprising a pair;

d) measuring the signal strengths created by pairs of beams; and

e) selecting a beam pair between different nodes with the highest signal strength, for communications by eliminating beam pairs that have the weaker signals,

whereby the multi-nodes comprise base sites, repeaters, and exchanges,

wherein the exchanges may be from different radio telephone systems.

2. In a multi-node, multi-remote radio telephone communications system including cellular radio systems wherein the mobiles transmit in a first band and receive in a second band, and the base transmit in said second band and receive in said first band, a routing system of call connection and call routing comprising the following;

a) routing tables to permit different destinations for different calls selectively based on telephone number indications;

b) multiple blind nodes, each of which comprises a combination of a repeater and routing tables, said blind nodes using said routing tables to selectively communicate with base sites required to establish the selected routes;

c) said blind nodes transmitting in the band used for transmission by the mobiles;

d) said blind nodes receiving in the band used for receiving by the mobiles; and

e) each said selected route comprising a path that alternates between blind nodes and bases;

whereby the entire system performs in a limited number of bands of frequencies.

3. A radio communications system including a plurality of individual nodes capable of distribution arbitrarily relative to each other, each said node comprising:

transmitting apparatus for transmitting radio signals to other said nodes and receiving apparatus for receiving said radio signals from other said nodes;

switching apparatus for establishing a radio link with another said node in said system; and

an autonomous routing computer for using said radio signals received from other said nodes to select a radio link with one of said other nodes, said autonomous routing computers in said individual nodes assembling said selected radio links between a plurality of nodes into a radio communication route between an originating node and a destination node,

wherein;

at least one of said nodes is a directional node including at least one of (i) directional transmitting apparatus for transmitting directional radio signals associated with respective different directions and (ii) directional receiving apparatus for associating received radio signals with respective different directions from which they are received; and

a said autonomous routing computer selects a said radio link including said directional node using a said radio signal received from said directional transmitting apparatus or received by said directional receiving apparatus.

4. A system as in claim 3, wherein no single said node stores said entire radio communication route.

5. A system as in claim 4, wherein:

said radio signals have routing messages;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in each said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using a parameter of said routing messages and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

6. A system as in claim 5, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

7. A system as in claim 6, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

8. A system as in claim 3, wherein said directional transmitting apparatus comprises plural transmitting devices.

9. A system as in claim 3, wherein said directional receiving apparatus comprises plural receiving devices.

10. A system as in claim 3, wherein at least one said directional node includes said directional transmitting apparatus and said directional receiving apparatus, said directional transmitting apparatus including plural directional transmitting antennas and said directional receiving apparatus including plural directional receiving antennas.

11. A system as in claim 10, wherein at least one said directional transmitting antenna or one said directional receiving antenna comprises a steerable array antenna.

12. A system as in claim 3, wherein said directional transmitting apparatus transmits said directional radio signals in different time slots and said directional receiving apparatus receives said received radio signals in different time slots.

13. A system as in claim 3, further comprising:

a first said directional node with a said directional transmitting apparatus including a plurality of directional transmitting antennas; and

a second said directional node with a said directional receiving apparatus including a plurality of directional receiving antennas,

wherein said autonomous routing computers in said first and second directional nodes select a said radio link using one of said transmitting antennas and one of said receiving antennas.

14. A system as in claim 3, wherein:

said radio signals have routing messages;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in each said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using a parameter of said routing messages and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

15. A system as in claim 14, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

16. A system as in claim 15, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

17. A directional node for use in a radio communications system including a plurality of individual nodes capable of distribution arbitrarily relative to each other, each said node including transmitting apparatus for transmitting radio signals to other said nodes, receiving apparatus for receiving radio signals from other said nodes, switching apparatus for establishing a radio link with another said node in said system, and an autonomous routing computer for using said radio signals received from other said nodes to select a radio link with one of said other nodes, said autonomous routing computers in said individual nodes assembling said selected radio links between a plurality of nodes into a radio communication route between an originating node and a destination node, wherein:

said directional node comprises at least one of (i) directional transmitting apparatus for transmitting directional radio signals associated with respective different directions and (ii) directional receiving apparatus for associating received radio signals with respective different directions from which they are received; and

a said autonomous routing computer selects a said radio link including said directional node using a said radio signal received from said directional transmitting apparatus or received by said directional receiving apparatus.

18. A directional node as in claim 17, wherein no single said node stores said entire radio communication route.

19. A directional node as in claim 18, wherein:

said radio signals have routing messages;

said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using a parameter of said routing messages and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

20. A directional node as in claim 19, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

21. A directional node as in claim 20, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

22. A directional node as in claim 17, further comprising detecting apparatus for detecting the strength of said radio signals received from other said nodes, wherein said autonomous routing computers use said signal strength to select said radio links and said radio link including said directional node is selected depending on the strength of said radio signal received from said directional transmitting apparatus or received by said directional receiving apparatus.

23. A directional node as in claim 22, further comprising a said directional transmitting apparatus including plural transmitting antennas and a said directional receiving apparatus including plural receiving antennas, wherein said radio link including said directional node uses said directional transmitting antenna that transmits the strongest radio signal received at another said node or said directional receiving antenna that receives the strongest radio signal transmitted by another said node.

24. A directional node as in claim 23, wherein at least one said directional transmitting antenna or one said directional receiving antenna comprises a steerable array antenna.

25. A directional node as in claim 22, wherein:

said radio signals have routing messages including said signal strength;

said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using said signal strength and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

26. A directional node as in claim 25, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

27. A directional node as in claim 26, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

28. A directional node as in claim 17, wherein said directional transmitting apparatus transmits said directional radio signals in different time slots and said directional receiving apparatus receives said received radio signals in different time slots.

29. A directional node as in claim 28, wherein:

said radio signals have routing messages;

said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using a parameter of said routing messages and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

30. A directional node as in claim 29, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

31. A directional node as in claim 30, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

32. A directional node as in claim 17, wherein said autonomous routing computer in said directional node selects a said radio link with another said directional node in said system.

33. A directional node as in claim 17, wherein:

said radio signals have routing messages;

said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using a parameter of said routing messages and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

34. A directional node as in claim 33, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

35. A directional node as in claim 34, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

36. A radio communications system including a plurality of individual nodes capable of distribution arbitrarily relative to each other, each said node comprising:

transmitting apparatus for transmitting radio signals to other said nodes and receiving apparatus for receiving said radio signals from other said nodes;

switching apparatus for establishing a radio link with another said node in said system; and

an autonomous routing computer for using an actual radio parameter of said radio signals received from other said nodes to select a radio link with one of said other nodes, said autonomous routing computers in said individual nodes assembling said selected radio links between a plurality of nodes into a radio communication route between an originating node and a destination node,

wherein;

at least one of said nodes is a directional node including at least one of (i) directional transmitting apparatus for transmitting directional radio signals associated with respective different directions and (ii) directional receiving apparatus for associating received radio signals with respective different directions from which they are received; and

a said autonomous routing computer selects a said radio link including said directional node using said actual radio parameter of a said radio signal received from said directional transmitting apparatus or received by said directional receiving apparatus.

37. A system as in claim 36, wherein no single said node stores said entire radio communication route.

38. A system as in claim 37, further comprising:

a first said directional node with a said directional transmitting apparatus including a plurality of directional transmitting antennas; and

a second said directional node with a said directional receiving apparatus including a plurality of directional receiving antennas,

wherein said autonomous routing computers in said first and second directional nodes select a said radio link using one of said transmitting antennas and one of said receiving antennas.

39. A system as in claim 38, wherein at least one said directional transmitting antenna or one said directional receiving antenna comprises a steerable array antenna.

40. A system as in claim 37, wherein:

at least some of said radio signals have associated routing messages including said actual radio parameter;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in each said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using said actual radio parameter and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

41. A system as in claim 40, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

42. A system as in claim 41, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

43. A system as in claim 36, wherein:

at least some of said radio signals have associated routing messages including said actual radio parameter;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in each said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using said actual radio parameter and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

44. A system as in claim 43, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

45. A system as in claim 44, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

46. A radio communications system including a plurality of individual nodes capable of distribution arbitrarily relative to each other, each said node comprising:

transmitting apparatus for transmitting radio signals to other said nodes and receiving apparatus for receiving said radio signals from other said nodes;

switching apparatus for establishing a radio link with another said node in said system;

detecting apparatus for detecting the strength of said radio signals received from said other nodes; and

an autonomous routing computer for using the strength of said radio signals received from other said nodes to select a radio link with one of said other nodes, said autonomous routing computers in said individual nodes assembling said selected radio links into a radio communication route between an originating node and a destination node,

wherein;

at least one of said nodes is a directional node including at least one of (i) directional transmitting apparatus for transmitting directional radio signals associated with respective different directions and (ii) directional receiving apparatus for associating said radio signals with respective different directions from which they are received; and

a said autonomous routing computer selects a said radio link including said directional node depending on the strength of a said radio signal received from said directional transmitting apparatus or received by said directional receiving apparatus.

47. A system as in claim 46, wherein no single said node stores said entire radio communication route.

48. A system as in claim 47, wherein:

at least some of said radio signals have associated routing messages including said strength of said radio signal;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in each said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using said strength of said radio signal and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

49. A system as in claim 48, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

50. A system as in claim 49, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

51. A system as in claim 46, further comprising:

a first said directional node with a said directional transmitting apparatus including a plurality of directional transmitting antennas; and

a second said directional node with a said directional receiving apparatus including a plurality of directional receiving antennas,

wherein said autonomous routing computers in said first and second directional nodes select said radio links using one of said transmitting antennas and one of said receiving antennas.

52. A system as in claim 46, wherein:

at least some of said radio signals have associated routing messages including said strength of said radio signal;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using said strength of said radio signal and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

53. A system as in claim 52, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

54. A system as in claim 53, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.

55. A radio communications system including a plurality of individual nodes capable of distribution arbitrarily relative to each other, each said node comprising:

transmitting apparatus for transmitting radio signals to other said nodes and receiving apparatus for receiving said radio signals from other said nodes;

detecting apparatus for detecting the quality of said radio signals received from said other nodes;

switching apparatus for establishing a radio link with another said node in said system; and

an autonomous routing computer for using said radio signals received from other said nodes to select a radio link with one of said other nodes, said autonomous routing computers in said individual nodes assembling said selected radio links into a radio communication route between an originating node and a destination node,

wherein;

each said link of said radio communication route comprises a radio signal of a higher quality than the worst quality said radio signal comprising any said radio link within any other potential radio communication route between said originating node and said destination node;

at least one of said nodes is a directional node including at least one of (i) directional transmitting apparatus for transmitting directional radio signals associated with respective different directions and (ii) directional receiving apparatus for associating received radio signals with respective different directions from which they are received; and

a said autonomous routing computer selects a said radio link including said directional node depending on the quality of a said radio signal received from said directional transmitting apparatus or received by said directional receiving apparatus.

56. A system as in claim 55, wherein no single said node stores said entire radio communication node.

57. A system as in claim 56, wherein:

at least some of said radio signals have associated routing messages including said quality;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in each said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using said quality and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

58. A system as in claim 57, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

59. A system as in claim 58, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted form said storage device.

60. A system as in claim 55, further comprising:

a first said directional node with a said directional transmitting apparatus including a plurality of directional transmitting antennas; and

a second said directional node with a said directional receiving apparatus including a plurality of directional receiving antennas,

wherein said autonomous routing computers in said first and second directional nodes select said radio links using one of said transmitting antennas and one of said receiving antennas.

61. A system as in claim 55, wherein:

at least some of said radio signals have associated routing messages including said quality;

each said node includes a storage device for storing said routing messages received from other said nodes;

said autonomous routing computer in each said node selects a said routing message associated with a preferred said radio link using said quality and uses said selected routing message to produce a new routing message for retransmission by said transmitting apparatus; and

said autonomous routing computers in said nodes assemble said preferred radio links into said radio communication route.

62. A system as in claim 61, wherein different said routing messages are selected for different said radio communication routes.

63. A system as in claim 62, wherein said received routing messages not used to assemble any radio communication route are deleted from said storage device.