Diabetes management system and method for controlling blood glucose
First Claim
1. An apparatus for assisting a patient having diabetes mellitus in controlling blood glucose, said apparatus comprising:
- a) an input means for entering a blood glucose value G(td) representative of a blood glucose concentration of the patient at time td and for entering an insulin dose value Ik representative of an insulin dose administered to the patient prior to time td;
b) a memory means for storing an insulin sensitivity value representative of an insulin sensitivity of the patient and for storing information for determining an insulin action value Fk(2d) representative of a fraction of insulin action remaining at time td from said insulin dose;
c) a processor connected to said input means and said memory means for determining said insulin action value Fk(td) and for determining a future blood glucose value G(tj) representative of an expected blood glucose concentration of the patient at time tj, wherein said processor determines said future blood glucose value G(tj) in dependence upon said blood glucose value G(td), said insulin dose value Ik, said insulin sensitivity value, and said insulin action value Fk(td);
d) an interpolation formula to calculate the insulin action value Fk(td) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the insulin action value comprising
Fk(td)=Y0+((Zk−
X0)(Y1−
Y0)/(X1−
X0))wherein X0 represents an initial insulin dose, Y0 represents an insulin action value at initial dose X0, X1 represents a following insulin dose, Y1 represents an insulin action value at following insulin dose X1, and Zk represents time after injection of insulin dose Ik at time td;
e) a formula to calculate the future blood glucose value G(tj) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the food glucose value comprising;
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Abstract
A diabetes management system for predicting a future blood glucose value of a patient and for recommending a corrective action to the patient when the future blood glucose value lies outside of a target range. The system includes a patient-operated apparatus for measuring blood glucose values and for storing data relating to insulin doses administered to the patient. The apparatus predicts the patient'"'"'s future blood glucose value based upon the patient'"'"'s current blood glucose value, the fraction of insulin action remaining from the insulin doses, and the patient'"'"'s insulin sensitivity. The apparatus also determines the corrective action for the patient when the predicted blood glucose value lies outside of a target range. The system also includes a physician computer in communication with the apparatus for receiving the blood glucose values and insulin dose data and for calculating an adjusted insulin sensitivity for use in subsequent predictions.
270 Citations
50 Claims
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1. An apparatus for assisting a patient having diabetes mellitus in controlling blood glucose, said apparatus comprising:
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a) an input means for entering a blood glucose value G(td) representative of a blood glucose concentration of the patient at time td and for entering an insulin dose value Ik representative of an insulin dose administered to the patient prior to time td; b) a memory means for storing an insulin sensitivity value representative of an insulin sensitivity of the patient and for storing information for determining an insulin action value Fk(2d) representative of a fraction of insulin action remaining at time td from said insulin dose; c) a processor connected to said input means and said memory means for determining said insulin action value Fk(td) and for determining a future blood glucose value G(tj) representative of an expected blood glucose concentration of the patient at time tj, wherein said processor determines said future blood glucose value G(tj) in dependence upon said blood glucose value G(td), said insulin dose value Ik, said insulin sensitivity value, and said insulin action value Fk(td); d) an interpolation formula to calculate the insulin action value Fk(td) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the insulin action value comprising
Fk(td)=Y0+((Zk−
X0)(Y1−
Y0)/(X1−
X0))wherein X0 represents an initial insulin dose, Y0 represents an insulin action value at initial dose X0, X1 represents a following insulin dose, Y1 represents an insulin action value at following insulin dose X1, and Zk represents time after injection of insulin dose Ik at time td; e) a formula to calculate the future blood glucose value G(tj) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the food glucose value comprising; - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A system for assisting a patient having diabetes mellitus in controlling blood glucose, said system comprising:
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a) an input means for entering a blood glucose value G(td) representative of a blood glucose concentration of the patient at time td and for entering an insulin dose value Ik representative of an insulin dose administered to the patient prior to time td; b) a memory means for storing maximum and minimum values defining a target blood glucose range of the patient, an insulin sensitivity value representative of an insulin sensitivity of the patient, and information for determining an insulin action value Fk(td) representative of a fraction of insulin action remaining at time td from said insulin dose; c) a processor connected to said input means and said memory means for determining said insulin action value Fk(td), for determining a future blood glucose value G(tj) representative of an expected blood glucose concentration of the patient at time tj, and for determining a corrective action for the patient when said future blood glucose value G(tj) lies outside of said target range, wherein said processor determines said future blood glucose value G(tj) in dependence upon said blood glucose value G(td), said insulin dose value, said insulin sensitivity value, and said insulin action value Fk(td); and d) an interpolation formula to calculate the insulin action value Fk(td) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the insulin action value comprising;
Fk(td)=Y0+((Zk−
X0)(Y1−
Y0)/(X1−
X0))wherein X0 represents an initial insulin dose, Y0 represents an insulin action value at initial dose X0, X1 represents a following insulin dose, Y1, represents an insulin action value at following insulin dose X1, and Zk represents time after injection of insulin dose Ik at time td; e) a formula to calculate the future blood glucose value G(tj) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the food glucose value comprising. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A method for assisting a patient having diabetes mellitus in controlling blood glucose, said method comprising the following steps:
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a) providing the patient with an apparatus for determining a future blood glucose value G(tj) representative of an expected blood glucose concentration of the patient at time tj, wherein said apparatus comprises a memory, an input means for entering a blood glucose value G(td) representative of a blood glucose concentration of the patient at time td and for entering an insulin dose value representative of an insulin dose administered to the patient prior to time td, a display, and a processor connected to said memory, said input means, and said display; b) storing in said memory an insulin sensitivity value representative of an insulin sensitivity of the patient; c) storing in said memory information for determining an insulin action value Fk(td) representative of a fraction of insulin action remaining at time td from said insulin dose; d) entering in said processor said insulin dose value and said blood glucose value G(td); e) determining in said processor said insulin action value Fk(td) by programming the processor to execute an interpolation formula to calculate the insulin action value Fk(td) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the insulin action value comprising;
Fk(td)=Y0+((Zk−
X0)(Y1−
Y0)/(X1−
X0))wherein X0 represents an initial insulin dose, Y0 represents an insulin action value at initial dose X0, X1 represents a following insulin dose, Y1 represents an insulin action value at following insulin dose X1, and Zk represents time after injection of insulin dose Ik at time td; f) determining in said processor said future blood glucose value G(tj) in dependence upon said blood glucose value G(td), said insulin dose value, said insulin sensitivity value, and said insulin action value Fk(td) by programming the processor to execute a formula to calculate the future blood glucose value G(tj) programmed into the processor, the formula to calculate the food glucose value comprising; - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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40. A method for assisting a patient having diabetes mellitus in controlling blood glucose, said method comprising the following steps:
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a) providing the patient with an apparatus for determining a future blood glucose value G(tj) representative of an expected blood glucose concentration of the patient at time tj, wherein said apparatus comprises a memory, an input means for entering a blood glucose value G(td) representative of a blood glucose concentration of the patient at time td and for entering an insulin dose value representative of an insulin dose administered to the patient prior to time td, a display, an a processor connected to said memory, said input means, and said display; b) storing in said memory an insulin sensitivity value representative of an insulin sensitivity of the patient, information for determining an insulin action value Fk(td) representative of a fraction of insulin action remaining at time td from said insulin dose, and maximum and minimum values defining a target blood glucose range of the patient; c) entering in said processor said insulin dose value and said blood glucose value G(td); d) determining in said processor said insulin action value Fk(td) by programming the processor to execute an interpolation formula to calculate the insulin action value Fk(td) as stated in the formula to calculate the insulin action value comprising;
Fk(td)=Y0+((Zk−
X0)(Y1−
Y0)/(X1−
X0))wherein X0 represents an initial insulin dose, Y0 represents an insulin action value at initial dose X0, X1 represents a following insulin dose, Y1 represents an insulin action value at following insulin dose X1, and Zk represents time after injection of insulin dose Ik at time td; e) determining in said processor said future blood glucose value G(tj) by programming the processor to execute a formula to calculate the future blood glucose value G(tj) using the formula to calculate the food glucose value comprising; - View Dependent Claims (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50)
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Specification