Multi-channel non-invasive tissue oximeter
First Claim
1. A method for comparative spectrophotometric in vivo monitoring and display of selected blood metabolites present in a plurality of different internal regions of the same test subject on a continuing and substantially concurrent basis, comprising the steps of:
- applying separate spectrophotometric sensors to a test subject at each of a plurality of separate testing sites and coupling each of said sensors to a control and processing station;
operating a selected number of said sensors on a substantially concurrent basis to spectrophotometrically irradiate at least two separate internal regions of the test subject during a common time interval, each of said regions being associated with a different of said testing sites;
separately detecting and receiving light energy resulting from said spectrophotometric irradiation for each of said at least two separate internal regions, and conveying separate sets of signals to said control and processing station which correspond to the separately detected light energy from said at least two separate internal regions;
separately and concurrently analyzing said conveyed separate sets of signals to separately determine quantified data representative of a blood metabolite in each of said at least two separate internal regions; and
concurrently visually displaying said separately determined quantified data for each of said at least two separate internal regions for direct concurrent mutual comparison, wherein said sensors are applied to a head of the test subject and are used to monitor two mutually separate regions within a brain of the test subject.
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for spectrophotometric in vivo monitoring of blood metabolites such as hemoglobin oxygen concentration at a plurality of different areas or regions on the same organ or test site on an ongoing basis, by applying a plurality of spectrophotometric sensors to a test subject at each of a corresponding plurality of testing sites and coupling each such sensor to a control and processing station, operating each of said sensors to spectrophotometrically irradiate a particular region within the test subject; detecting and receiving the light energy resulting from said spectrophotometric irradiation for each such region and conveying corresponding signals to said control and processing station, analyzing said conveyed signals to determine preselected blood metabolite data, and visually displaying the data so determined for each of a plurality of said areas or regions in a comparative manner.
39 Citations
70 Claims
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1. A method for comparative spectrophotometric in vivo monitoring and display of selected blood metabolites present in a plurality of different internal regions of the same test subject on a continuing and substantially concurrent basis, comprising the steps of:
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applying separate spectrophotometric sensors to a test subject at each of a plurality of separate testing sites and coupling each of said sensors to a control and processing station; operating a selected number of said sensors on a substantially concurrent basis to spectrophotometrically irradiate at least two separate internal regions of the test subject during a common time interval, each of said regions being associated with a different of said testing sites; separately detecting and receiving light energy resulting from said spectrophotometric irradiation for each of said at least two separate internal regions, and conveying separate sets of signals to said control and processing station which correspond to the separately detected light energy from said at least two separate internal regions; separately and concurrently analyzing said conveyed separate sets of signals to separately determine quantified data representative of a blood metabolite in each of said at least two separate internal regions; and concurrently visually displaying said separately determined quantified data for each of said at least two separate internal regions for direct concurrent mutual comparison, wherein said sensors are applied to a head of the test subject and are used to monitor two mutually separate regions within a brain of the test subject. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. An apparatus for concurrent comparative spectrophotometric in vivo monitoring of selected blood metabolites present in each of a plurality of different internal regions on a continuing basis, comprising:
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a plurality of spectrophotometric sensors, each attachable to a test subject at different test locations and adapted to separately but concurrently spectrophotometrically irradiate at least two different internal regions within the test subject associated with each of said test locations; a controller and circuitry coupling each of said sensors to said controller for separately and individually but concurrently operating certain of said sensors to spectrophotometrically irradiate each of said different internal regions within the test subject associated with each of said test locations; said sensors each further adapted to receive light energy resulting from the separate spectrophotometric irradiation of said sensors'"'"' associated one of said at least two different internal regions on a substantially concurrent basis with other said sensors, and to produce separate signals corresponding to the light energy received, said circuitry acting to convey said separate signals to said controller for separate analytic processing; said controller adapted to analytically process said conveyed signals separately and determine separate quantified blood metabolite data therefrom for each of said sensors'"'"' and said sensors associated one of said at least two different internal regions; and a visual display coupled to said controller and adapted to separately but concurrently display the quantified blood metabolite data determined for each of said sensors in a mutually-comparative manner, wherein said sensors are adapted to be applied to a head of the test subject and to monitor a brain of the test subject. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. A method for concurrent comparative in vivo monitoring of blood metabolites in each of a plurality of different internal regions in a selected test subject, comprising the steps of:
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spectrophotometrically irradiating each of a plurality of different testing sites on said test subject; detecting light energy resulting from said spectrophotometric irradiation of said testing sites, and providing separate sets of signals to a control and processing station which are representative of the light energy received by each of said testing sites and which cooperatively define blood metabolite data for an individual one of at least two different internal regions; analyzing said separate signals to determine quantified blood metabolite data representative of at least one defined region within said at least one test subject associated with each of at least two different of said testing sites, each said defined region being different from the other; and concurrently displaying data sets for each of said at least two different internal regions at substantially the same time for direct mutual comparison, wherein said at least two different internal regions are located within different brain hemispheres of said test subject. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. Apparatus for spectrophotometric in vivo monitoring of a selected metabolic condition in each of a plurality of different test subject regions on a substantially concurrent basis, comprising:
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a plurality of spectrophotometric emitters, each adapted to separately spectrophotometrically irradiate a designated region within a test subject from a test location on said test subject; a controller and circuitry coupling each of said emitters to said controller for individually operating selected ones of said emitters to spectrophotometrically irradiate at least two particular regions within the test subject; a plurality of detectors, each adapted to separately receive light energy resulting from the spectrophotometric irradiation of said at least two particular regions, and to produce at least one separate set of signals for each one of said at least two particular regions; and
circuitry acting to convey said at least one separate set of signals to said controller for analytic processing;said controller adapted to analytically process said at least one separate set of signals to determine separate sets of quantified data representative of a metabolic condition in said at least two particular regions; and a visual display coupled to said controller and adapted to display separate representations of said separate sets of quantified data for each of said at least two particular regions in a mutually-comparative manner and on a substantially concurrent basis, wherein at least two of said at least two particular regions are located in mutually separate regions of a brain of said test subject. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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50. A regional oximetry system adapted to substantially simultaneously display tissue oxygen saturation measurements for at least two human tissue regions, comprising:
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a first sensor including a first emitter, a first near detector, and a first far detector, the first near detector being located closer to the first emitter than the first far detector, the first near detector and the first far detector each being configured to detect a first light transmitted by the first emitter, and the first sensor being configured to generate a first set of data indicative of the detected first light; a second sensor including a second emitter, a second near detector, and a second far detector, the second near detector being located closer to the second emitter than the second far detector, the second near detector and the second far detector each being configured to detect a second light transmitted by the second emitter, and the second sensor being configured to generate a second set of data indicative of the detected second light; and an oximeter unit including one or more processors, the oximeter unit being configured to; operate the first emitter of the first sensor and the second emitter of the second sensor in sequence on a substantially simultaneous basis in a manner that reduces cross-talk between the sensors; receive the first set of data and the second set of data; determine a first tissue oxygen saturation measurement corresponding to a first tissue oxygen saturation parameter based on the first set of data; determine a second tissue oxygen saturation measurement corresponding to a second tissue oxygen saturation parameter based on the second set of data; and superimpose a first trace indicative of the first tissue oxygen saturation measurement over a time period and a second trace indicative of the second tissue oxygen measurement over the time period on a display. - View Dependent Claims (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60)
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61. A method for comparatively displaying oxygen saturation measurements of at least two regions of human tissue, the method comprising:
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transmitting, with a first emitter, a first light into a first region of tissue of a patient and transmitting, with a second emitter, a second light into a second region of tissue of the patient, the first light being transmitted into the first region of tissue of the patient and the second light being transmitted into the second region of tissue of the patient in sequence on a substantially simultaneous basis; detecting the first light with a first near detector and with a first far detector, the first near detector being closer to the first emitter than the first far detector; generating a first set of data indicative of the first light detected with the first near detector and with the first far detector; determining, using one or more central processing units, a first tissue oxygen saturation measurement based on the first set of data; detecting the second light with a second near detector and with a second far detector, the second near detector being closer to the second emitter than the second far detector; generating a second set of data indicative of the second light detected with the second near detector and with the second far detector; determining, using the one or more central processing units, a second tissue oxygen saturation measurement based on the second set of data; and superimposing a first trace indicative of the first tissue oxygen saturation measurement over a time period and a second trace indicative of the second tissue oxygen saturation measurement over the time period on a display. - View Dependent Claims (62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70)
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Specification