White light devices using non-polar or semipolar gallium containing materials and phosphors

• US RE47,711 E1
• Filed: 10/14/2015
• Issued: 11/05/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SL Technology Incorporated (Reliv' International, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Soraa, Inc.
• Inventors: Raring, James W., Hall, Eric M., D'Evelyn, Mark P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Xu, Ling X
• Application Number:
  US14/882,893
• Time in Patent Office: 1,483 Days
• CPC Class Codes: N/A

Abstract

A packaged optical device includes a substrate having a surface region with light emitting diode devices fabricated on a semipolar or nonpolar GaN substrate. The LEDs emit polarized light and are characterized by an overlapped electron wave function and a hole wave function. Phosphors within the package are excited by the polarized light and, in response, emit electromagnetic radiation of a second wavelength.

Claims

1. A light emitting device comprising:

a substrate member comprising a first surface region;

one or more light emitting diode devices overlying the first surface region, at least one of the light emitting diode devices being fabricated on comprising a semipolar or nonpolar bulk GaN containing device substrate and light emitting layers, the device substrate comprising a bulk gallium nitride substrate, the at least one or more light emitting diode devices fabricated on the semipolar or nonpolar GaN containing device substrate emitting said light emitting diode device being configured to emit substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the one or more light emitting diode devices;

an optical path provided between the one or more light emitting diode devices and the optically transparent member; and

and a thickness of one or more entities formed within a vicinity of the optically transparent member, one or more of the entities being excited by the substantially polarized emission to emit electromagnetic radiation at one or more second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the bulk gallium nitride substrate has a dislocation density in the plane of the large-area surface that is less than 5×

10⁶ cm<sup>−

2</sup>.

2. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the light emitting diode devices comprises a quantum well region, the quantum well region being characterized by an electron wave function and a hole wave function, the electron wave function and the hole wave function being substantially overlapped within a predetermined spatial region of the quantum well region.

3. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying a first side of the optically transparent member, the first side facing the one or more of the light emitting diode devices.

4. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a blue LED device, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

5. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a blue LED device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

6. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a blue LED device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers and the one or more entities is capable of emitting substantially yellow light, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

7. The light emitting device of claim 6 wherein the one or more entities comprises a phosphor or phosphor blend selected from one or more of (Y, Gd, Tb, Sc, Lu, La)₃(Al, Ga, In)₅O₁₂:

Ce³⁺, SrGa₂S₄;

Eu²⁺, SrS;

Eu²⁺, and colloidal quantum dot thin films comprising CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdSe, or CdTe.

8. The light emitting device of claim 6 further comprising a phosphor capable of emitting substantially red light, wherein the phosphor is selected from one or more of the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

EU³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi₃,PxO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001≤

y≤

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x.≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm⁺;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral weight; and

Eu³⁺ activated phosphate or borate phosphors; and

mixtures thereof.

9. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a violet LED device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 380 nanometers to about 440 nanometers and the one or more entities are capable of emitting substantially white light, the substantially polarized emission being violet light.

10. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the one or more entities comprise a blend of wavelength converting materials capable of emitting substantially blue light, substantially green light, and substantially red light.

11. The light emitting device of claim 10 wherein the blue emitting phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)₅(PO₄)₃(Cl,F,Br,OH):

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sb³⁺,(Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)BPO₅;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Sr, Ca)₁₀(PO₄)₆*nB₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

2SrO*0.84P₂O5*0.16B₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

Sr₂Si₃O₈*2SrCl₂;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅;

Eu²⁺ (SAE);

BaAl₈O₁₃;

Eu²⁺; and

mixtures thereof.

12. The light emitting device of claim 10 wherein the green phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇:

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (BAMn);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Al₂O₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Lu,Sc,La)BO₃;

Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺;

Ca₈Mg(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂SiO₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂(Mg,Zn)Si₂O₇;

Eu²⁺;

(Sr,Ca,Ba)(Al,Ga,ln)₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Tb,La,Sm,Pr,Lu)₃(Al,Ga)₅O₁₂;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)₈(Mg,Zn)(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (CASI);

Na₂Gd₂B₂O₇;

Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺;

(Ba,Sr)₂(Ca,Mg,Zn)B₂O₆;

K,Ce,Tb; and

mixtures thereof.

13. The light emitting device of claim 10 wherein the red phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi_3-xP_xO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001<

y<

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x.≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm⁺;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral weight; and

Eu³⁺ activated phosphate or borate phosphors; and

mixtures thereof.

14. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the one or more entities being a plurality of wavelength converting entities are selected from a red emitting wavelength converting material, a green emitting wavelength converting material, a blue emitting wavelength converting material, and a yellow emitting wavelength converting material.

15. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is arc provided by at least one of electrophoretic deposition, plating, sputtering, spraying, dipping, and dispensing.

16. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise two light emitting devices.

17. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the bulk gallium nitride substrate was formed by slicing from a boule that was grown by hydride vapor epitaxy or ammonothermally.

18. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying the one or more light emitting diode devices.

19. The light emitting device of claim 1, further comprising wherein the optical clear member comprises an enclosure, wherein the enclosure has a shape chosen from among annular, circular, egg-shaped, trapezoidal, or a combination thereof.

20. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the device is packaged and is coupled to a rectifier.

21. The light emitting device of claim 1, further comprising a diffuser, the diffuser comprising at least one of TiO₂, CaF₂, SiO₂, CaCO₃, and BaSO₄.

92. The light emitting device of claim 1, further comprising an optical path provided between the one or more light emitting diode devices and the optically transparent member.

93. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein said substrate and said layers are configured to emit polarized light.

22. A light emitting device comprising:

a substrate member comprising a first surface region;

one or more light emitting diode devices overlying the first surface region, at least one of the light emitting diode devices being fabricated on comprising a semipolar or nonpolar GaN containing device substrate and light emitting layers, the device substrate comprising a bulk gallium nitride substrate, the at least one or more light emitting diode devices fabricated on the semipolar or nonpolar GaN containing device substrate emitting said light emitting diode device being configured to emit substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the one or more light emitting diode devices;

an optical path provided between the one or more light emitting diode devices and the optically transparent member;

and

a thickness of one or more entities formed within a vicinity of the optically transparent member, one or more of the entities being excited by the substantially polarized emission to emit electromagnetic radiation at one or more second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein a crystallographic orientation of the device substrate is within ±

5 degrees of the {1 −

1 0 0} m plane, the {1 1 −

2 0} a plane, the {1 1 −

2 2} plane, the {2 0 −

2±

1} plane, the {1 −

1 0±

1} plane, the {1 −

1 0 −

±

2} plane, or the {1 −

1 0±

3} plane.

23. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein at least one of the light emitting diode devices comprises a quantum well region, the quantum well region being characterized by an electron wave function and a hole wave function, the electron wave function and the hole wave function being substantially overlapped within a predetermined spatial region of the quantum well region.

24. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying a first side of the optically transparent member, the first side facing the one or more of the light emitting diode devices.

25. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a blue LED device, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

26. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a blue LED device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

27. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a blue LED device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers and the one or more entities is capable of emitting substantially yellow light, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

28. The light emitting device of claim 27, wherein the one or more entities comprises a phosphor or phosphor blend selected from one or more of (Y, Gd, Tb, Sc, Lu, La)₃(Al, Ga, In)₅O₁₂:

Ce³⁺, SrGa₂S₄;

Eu²⁺, SrS;

Eu²⁺, and colloidal quantum dot thin films comprising CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdSe, or CdTe.

29. The light emitting device of claim 27, further comprising a phosphor capable of emitting substantially red light, wherein the phosphor is selected from one or more of the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi₃,PxO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001≤

y≤

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x.≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm⁺³;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral weight; and

Eu³⁺ activated phosphate or borate phosphors; and

mixtures thereof.

30. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise at least a violet LED device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 380 nanometers to about 440 nanometers and the one or more entities are capable of emitting substantially white light, the substantially polarized emission being violet light.

31. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the one or more entities comprise a blend of wavelength converting materials capable of emitting substantially blue light, substantially green light, and substantially red light.

32. The light emitting device of claim 31, wherein the blue emitting phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)₅(PO₄)₃(Cl,F,Br,OH):

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sb³⁺,(Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)BPO₅;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Sr, Ca)₁₀(PO₄)₆*nB₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

2SrO*0.84P₂O5*0.16B₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

Sr₂Si₃O₈*2SrCl₂;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅;

Eu²⁺ (SAE);

BaAl₈O₁₃;

Eu²⁺; and

mixtures thereof.

33. The light emitting device of claim 31, wherein the green phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇:

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (BAMn);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Al₂O₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Lu,Sc,La)BO₃;

Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺;

Ca₈Mg(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂SiO₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂(Mg,Zn)Si₂O₇;

Eu²⁺;

(Sr, Ca,Ba)(Al,Ga,ln)₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Tb,La,Sm,Pr,Lu)₃(Al,Ga)₅O₁₂;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)₈(Mg,Zn)(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (CASI);

Na₂Gd₂B₂O₇;

Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺;

(Ba,Sr)₂(Ca,Mg,Zn)B₂O₆;

K,Ce,Tb; and

mixtures thereof.

34. The light emitting device of claim 31, wherein the red phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi_3-xP_xO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001≤

y≤

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x.≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm⁺;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral weight; and

Eu³⁺ activated phosphate or borate phosphors; and

mixtures thereof.

35. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the one or more entities being a plurality of wavelength converting entities are selected from a red emitting wavelength converting material, a green emitting wavelength converting material, a blue emitting wavelength converting material, and a yellow emitting wavelength converting material.

36. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is provided by at least one of electrophoretic deposition, plating, sputtering, spraying, dipping, and dispensing.

37. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the one or more light emitting diode devices comprise two light emitting devices.

38. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the bulk gallium nitride substrate was formed by slicing from a boule that was grown by hydride vapor epitaxy or ammonothermally.

39. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying the one or more light emitting diode devices.

40. The light emitting device of claim 22, further comprising an enclosure, wherein the enclosure has a shape chosen from among annular, circular, egg-shaped, trapezoidal, or a combination thereof.

41. The light emitting device of claim 22, wherein the device is packaged and is coupled to a rectifier.

42. The light emitting device of claim 22, further comprising a diffuser, the diffuser comprising at least one of TiO₂, CaF₂, SiO₂, CaCO₃, and BaSO₄.

43. A light emitting device comprising:

a substrate member having a first surface;

at least one light emitting diode overlying the first surface emitting a substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths, the light emitting diode comprising a device semipolar or nonpolar bulk GaN containing substrate comprising a semipolar or nonpolar bulk gallium nitride substrate and light emitting layers, said light emitting diode device being configured to emit substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the at least one light emitting diode;

an optical path between the at least one light emitting diode and the optically transparent;

and

a blend of phosphors, the phosphors being excited by the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths to thereby emit electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths comprises blue light and the phosphor blend emits electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths comprising yellow and red.

44. A light emitting device comprising:

a substrate member having a first surface;

at least one light emitting diode overlying the first surface emitting a substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths, the light emitting diode comprising a device substrate comprising a semipolar or nonpolar bulk gallium nitride GaN containing substrate and light emitting layers, said light emitting diode device being configured to emit substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the at least one light emitting diode;

an optical path between the at least one light emitting diode and the optically transparent;

and

a blend of phosphors, the phosphors being excited by the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths to thereby emit electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths comprises violet light and the phosphor blend emits electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths comprising blue, green, and red.

45. A light emitting device comprising:

a substrate member having a first surface;

at least one light emitting diode overlying the first surface emitting a substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths, the light emitting diode comprising a device substrate comprising a semipolar or nonpolar bulk gallium nitride containing substrate and light emitting layers, said light emitting diode device being configured to emit substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the at least one light emitting diode;

an optical path between the at least one light emitting diode and the optically transparent;

and

a blend of phosphors, the phosphors being excited by the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths to thereby emit electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths comprises blue light and the phosphor blend emits electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths comprising green and red.

46. A light emitting device for an automotive application comprising:

a substrate member comprising a first surface region;

one or more laser devices overlying the first surface region, at least one of the laser devices comprising a semipolar or nonpolar GaN containing substrate, the at least one or more laser devices configured to emit substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the one or more laser devices;

and a thickness of one or more entities formed within a vicinity of the optically transparent member, one or more of the entities being excited by the substantially polarized emission to emit electromagnetic radiation at one or more second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the bulk gallium nitride substrate has a dislocation density in the plane of the large-area surface that is less than 5×

10⁶ cm<sup>−

2</sup>;

wherein the light emitting device is configured for connection to an automotive device.

47. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein at least one of the laser devices comprises a quantum well region, the quantum well region being characterized by an electron wave function and a hole wave function, the electron wave function and the hole wave function being substantially overlapped within a predetermined spatial region of the quantum well region;

wherein the one or more laser device having an epitaxial material formed on the semipolar or nonpolar GaN containing device substrate.

48. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying a first side of the optically transparent member, the first side facing the one or more of the laser devices.

49. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a blue laser device, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

50. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a blue laser device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

51. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a blue laser device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers and the one or more entities is capable of emitting substantially yellow light, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

52. The light emitting device of claim 51, wherein the one or more entities comprises a phosphor or phosphor blend selected from one or more of (Y, Gd, Tb, Sc, Lu, La)₃(Al, Ga, In)₅O₁₂:

Ce³⁺, SrGa₂S₄;

Eu²⁺, SrS;

Eu²⁺, and colloidal quantum dot thin films comprising CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdSe, or CdTe.

53. The light emitting device of claim 51 further comprising a phosphor capable of emitting substantially red light, wherein the phosphor is selected from one or more of the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²+;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi_3-xPxO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001≤

y≤

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm⁺;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral weight and Eu³⁺ activated phosphate or borate phosphors; and

mixtures thereof.

54. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a violet laser device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 380 nanometers to about 440 nanometers and the one or more entities are capable of emitting substantially white light, the substantially polarized emission being violet light.

55. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the one or more entities comprise a blend of wavelength converting materials capable of emitting substantially blue light, substantially green light, and substantially red light.

56. The light emitting device of claim 55, wherein the blue emitting phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)₅(PO₄)₃(Cl,F,Br,OH):

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sb³⁺,(Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)BPO₅;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Sr,Ca)₁₀(PO₄)₆*nB₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

2SrO*0.84P₂O5*0.16B₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

Sr₂Si₃O₈*2SrCl₂;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅;

Eu²⁺ (SAE);

BaAl₈O₁₃;

Eu²⁺; and

mixtures thereof.

57. The light emitting device of claim 55, wherein the green phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇:

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (BAMn);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Al₂O₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Lu,Sc,La)BO₃;

Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺;

Ca₈Mg(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂SiO₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂(Mg,Zn)Si₂O₇;

Eu²⁺;

(Sr,Ca,Ba)(Al,Ga,ln)₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Tb,La,Sm,Pr,Lu)₃(A1,Ga)₅O₁₂;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)₈(Mg,Zn)(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (CASI);

Na₂Gd₂B₂O₇;

Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺;

(Ba,Sr)₂(Ca,Mg,Zn)B₂O₆;

K,Ce,Tb; and

mixtures thereof.

58. The light emitting device of claim 55, wherein the red phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺ 3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi_3-xP_xO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001<

y<

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm³⁺;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral weight; and

Eu³⁺ activated phosphate or borate phosphors; and

mixtures thereof.

59. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the one or more entities being a plurality of wavelength converting entities are selected from a red emitting wavelength converting material, a green emitting wavelength converting material, a blue emitting wavelength converting material, and a yellow emitting wavelength converting material.

60. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is provided by at least one of electrophoretic deposition, plating, sputtering, spraying, dipping, and dispensing.

61. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise two light emitting devices.

62. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the bulk gallium nitride substrate was formed by slicing from a boule that was grown by hydride vapor epitaxy or ammonothermally.

63. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying the one or more laser devices.

64. The light emitting device of claim 46, further comprising an enclosure, wherein the enclosure has a shape chosen from among annular, circular, egg-shaped, trapezoidal, or a combination thereof.

65. The light emitting device of claim 46, wherein the device is packaged and is coupled to a rectifier.

66. The light emitting device of claim 46, further comprising a diffuser, the diffuser comprising at least one of TiO₂, CaF₂, SiO₂, CaCO₃, and BaSO₄.

67. A light emitting device for an automotive application comprising:

one or more laser devices comprising a semipolar or nonpolar GaN containing substrate and light emitting layers, the one or more laser devices emitting substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the one or more laser devices; and

a thickness of one or more entities formed within a vicinity of the optically transparent member, one or more of the entities being excited by the substantially polarized emission to emit electromagnetic radiation at one or more second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein a crystallographic orientation of the device substrate is within ±

5 degrees of the {1 −

1 0 0} m plane, the {1 1 −

2 0} a plane, the {1 1 −

2 2} plane, the {2 0 −

2±

1} plane, the {1 −

1 0±

1} plane, the {1 −

1 0 ±

2} plane, or the {1 −

1 0±

3} plane.

68. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein at least one of the laser devices comprises a quantum well region, the quantum well region being characterized by an electron wave function and a hole wave function, the electron wave function and the hole wave function being substantially overlapped within a predetermined spatial region of the quantum well region.

69. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying a first side of the optically transparent member, the first side facing the one or more of the laser devices.

70. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a blue laser device, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

71. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a blue laser device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

72. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a blue laser device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 430 nanometers to about 490 nanometers and the one or more entities is capable of emitting substantially yellow light, the substantially polarized emission being blue light.

73. The light emitting device of claim 72, wherein the one or more entities comprises a phosphor or phosphor blend selected from one or more of (Y, Gd, Tb, Sc, Lu, La)₃(Al, Ga, In)₅O₁₂:

Ce³⁺, SrGa₂S₄;

Eu²⁺, SrS;

Eu²⁺, and colloidal quantum dot thin films comprising CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdSe, or CdTe.

74. The light emitting device of claim 72, further comprising a phosphor capable of emitting substantially red light, wherein the phosphor is selected from one or more of the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi₃,PxO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001≤

y≤

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm⁺³;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral weight; and

Eu³⁺ activated phosphate or borate phosphors; and

mixtures thereof.

75. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise at least a violet laser device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at a range from about 380 nanometers to about 440 nanometers and the one or more entities are capable of emitting substantially white light, the substantially polarized emission being violet light.

76. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the one or more entities comprise a blend of wavelength converting materials capable of emitting substantially blue light, substantially green light, and substantially red light.

77. The light emitting device of claim 76, wherein the blue emitting phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)₅(PO₄)₃(Cl,F,Br,OH):

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sb³⁺,(Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)BPO₅;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Sr,Ca)₁₀(PO₄)₆*nB₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

2SrO*0.84P₂O5*0.16B₂O₃;

Eu²⁺;

Sr₂Si₃O₈*2SrCl₂;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅;

Eu²⁺ (SAE);

BaAl₈O₁₃;

Eu²⁺; and

mixtures thereof.

78. The light emitting device of claim 76, wherein the green phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)MgAl₁₀O₁₇:

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (BAMn);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Al₂O₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Lu,Sc,La)BO₃;

Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺;

Ca₈Mg(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂SiO₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₂(Mg,Zn)Si₂O₇;

Eu²⁺;

(Sr, Ca,Ba)(Al,Ga,ln)₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

(Y,Gd,Tb,La,Sm,Pr,Lu)₃(Al,Ga)₅O₁₂;

Ce³⁺;

(Ca,Sr)₈(Mg,Zn)(SiO₄)₄Cl₂;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ (CASI);

Na₂Gd₂B₂O₇;

Ce³⁺, Tb³⁺;

(Ba,Sr)₂(Ca,Mg,Zn)B₂O₆;

K,Ce,Tb; and

mixtures thereof.

79. The light emitting device of claim 76, wherein the red phosphor is selected from the group consisting of (Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₃:

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)₂O₂S;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

(Gd,Y,Lu,La)VO₄;

Eu³⁺, Bi³⁺;

Y₂(O,S)₃;

Eu³⁺;

Ca_1-xMo_1-ySi_yO₄;

where 0.05≤

x≤

0.5, 0≤

y≤

0.1;

(Li,Na,K)₅Eu(W,Mo)O₄;

(Ca,Sr)S;

Eu²⁺;

SrY₂S₄;

Eu²⁺;

CaLa₂S₄;

Ce³⁺;

3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂;

Mn⁴⁺ (MFG);

(Ba,Sr,Ca)Mg_xP₂O₇;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺;

(Y,Lu)₂WO₆;

Eu³⁺, Mo⁶⁺;

(Ba,Sr,Ca)₃Mg_xSi₂O₈;

Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺, wherein 1≤

x≤

2;

(RE_1-yCe_y)Mg_2-xLi_xSi_3-xP_xO₁₂, where RE is at least one of Sc, Lu, Gd, Y, and Tb, 0.0001≤

x≤

0.1 and 0.001≤

y≤

0.1;

(Y, Gd, Lu, La)_2-xEu_xW_1-yMo_yO₆, where 0.5≤

x≤

1.0, 0.01≤

y≤

1.0;

(SrCa)_1-xEu_xSi₅N₈, where 0.01≤

x≤

0.3;

SrZnO₂;

Sm⁺;

M_mO_nX, wherein M is selected from the group of Sc, Y, a lanthanide, an alkali earth metal and mixtures thereof;

X is a halogen;

1≤

m≤

3; and

1≤

n≤

4, and wherein the lanthanide doping level can range from 0.1 to 40% spectral.

80. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the one or more entities being a plurality of wavelength converting entities are selected from a red emitting wavelength converting material, a green emitting wavelength converting material, a blue emitting wavelength converting material, and a yellow emitting wavelength converting material.

81. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is provided by at least one of electrophoretic deposition, plating, sputtering, spraying, dipping, and dispensing.

82. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the one or more laser devices comprise two light emitting devices.

83. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the bulk gallium nitride substrate was formed by slicing from a boule that was grown by hydride vapor epitaxy or ammonothermally.

84. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the thickness of the one or more entities is formed overlying the one or more laser devices.

85. The light emitting device of claim 67, further comprising an enclosure, wherein the enclosure has a shape chosen from among annular, circular, egg-shaped, trapezoidal, or a combination thereof.

86. The light emitting device of claim 67, wherein the device is packaged and is coupled to a rectifier.

87. The light emitting device of claim 67, further comprising a diffuser, the diffuser comprising at least one of TiO₂, CaF₂, SiO₂, CaCO₃, and BaSO₄.

88. A light emitting device for an automotive application comprising:

a substrate member having a first surface;

at least one laser device overlying the first surface emitting a substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths, the laser device comprising a semipolar or nonpolar bulk gallium nitride substrate and light emitting layers;

an optically transparent member coupled to the at least one laser device; and

a blend of phosphors, the phosphors being excited by the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths to thereby emit electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths comprises blue light and the phosphor blend emits electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths comprising yellow and red.

89. A light emitting device for an automotive application comprising:

a substrate member having a first surface;

at least one laser device having a layer fabricated overlying the first surface emitting a substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths, the at least one laser device comprising a semipolar or nonpolar bulk gallium nitride substrate;

an optically transparent member coupled to the at least one laser device; and

a blend of phosphors, the phosphors being excited by the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths to thereby emit electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths comprises violet light and the phosphor blend emits electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths comprising blue, green, and red; and

wherein the light emitting device is configured for connection to an automotive device.

90. A light emitting device for an automotive application comprising:

a substrate member having a first surface;

at least one laser device overlying the first surface emitting a substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths, the at least one laser device comprising a semipolar or nonpolar bulk gallium nitride substrate;

an optically transparent member coupled to the at least one laser device; and

a blend of phosphors, the phosphors being excited by the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths to thereby emit electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the substantially polarized emission of first wavelengths comprises blue light and the phosphor blend emits electromagnetic radiation at second wavelengths comprising green and red; and

wherein the light emitting device is configured for an automotive application.

91. A light source comprising:

a substrate member comprising a first surface region;

one or more laser diode devices overlying the first surface region, the one or more laser diode devices comprising a semipolar or nonpolar GaN containing substrate and light emitting layers, the one or more laser diode devices emitting substantially polarized emission of one or more first wavelengths;

an optically transparent member coupled to the one or more laser diode devices;

and a thickness of one or more entities formed within a vicinity of the optically transparent member, one or more of the entities being excited by the substantially polarized emission to emit electromagnetic radiation at one or more second wavelengths such that said light emitting device emits polarized and non-polarized light;

wherein the bulk gallium nitride substrate has a dislocation density in the plane of the large-area surface that is less than 5×

10⁶ cm<sup>−

2</sup>.