System and method for preparing an aerial hydrological-assay for golf courses

• US 10,013,611 B2
• Filed: 10/24/2016
• Issued: 07/03/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Aaron Douglas Crawford, Javier David Spyker, Timothy John Barrier
• Original Assignee: Aaron Douglas Crawford, Javier David Spyker, Timothy John Barrier
• Inventors: Barrier, Timothy John, Spyker, Javier David, Crawford, Aaron Douglas
• Primary Examiner(s): Sweeney, Brian P
• Application Number:
  US15/332,276
• Publication Number:
  US 20180114062A1
• Time in Patent Office: 617 Days
• Field of Search: 701 2
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 25/167 Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/024 of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/25 Fixed-wing aircraft VTOL aircraft B64U10/20
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2101/00 UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2101/32 for cartography or topography
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0094 involving pointing a payload, e.g. camera, weapon, sensor, towards a fixed or moving target
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/182 Network patterns, e.g. roads or rivers
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/188 Vegetation

Abstract

Systems and methods for performing an aerial hydrological-assay of a topographical site require the use of an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) for collecting image data of the site. Included in a system for the present invention is a ground-based soil moisture sensor for collecting moisture data at the site. A computer is then used to combine the image data and the moisture data to create an assay report on hydrological conditions at the site. The assay report is used to implement a water conservation plan for the topographical site which efficiently and efficaciously controls water usage at the site.

Claims

1. A system for performing an aerial hydrological-assay of a selected topographical site which comprises:

an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) for flying a survey mission along a customized route over the selected topographical site in accordance with a predetermined flight plan;

an imaging unit mounted on the UAS for imaging a surface area of the topographical site, to generate image data for the surface area, wherein the image data is selected from the group consisting of a continuous sequence of overlapping, still photographic images and an orthomosaic;

a memory card connected to the imaging unit onboard the UAS for recording and storing the image data collected during the survey mission;

at least one soil moisture sensor selectively positioned at a predetermined location within the topographical site to collect moisture data for the surface area; and

a computer for combining the image data from the memory card with the moisture data from the soil moisture sensor to create an assay report including hydrological conditions on the surface area of the topographical site, wherein the assay report is used to establish a long-term, water conservation program for the topographical site.

2. The system recited in claim 1 further comprising an irrigation control system wherein the topographical site is divided into a plurality of irrigation stations, and wherein the irrigation stations are individually and collectively operated by the irrigation control system in accordance with the assay report to implement the water conservation program.

3. The system recited in claim 1 wherein the imaging unit comprises:

a first camera for collecting visible Red-Green-Blue (RGB) images; and

a second camera for collecting Near Infrared (NIR) images, wherein the RGB images and the NIR images are combined and engineered to create Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images for the image data.

4. The system recited in claim 3 wherein the assay report includes a composite of the NDVI images, wherein the composite is presented as a plan view of the topographical site, and wherein the plan view image is engineered to identify portions of the surface area containing excess water.

5. The system recited in claim 1 wherein the UAS is controlled using Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) techniques for the predetermined flight plan.

6. The system recited in claim 5, further comprising a remote, ground-based flight controller for maneuvering the UAS during the survey mission for collision avoidance and operational assistance.

7. The system recited in claim 1 further comprising:

an autopilot mounted onboard the UAS, wherein the predetermined flight plan is downloaded into the autopilot to control the UAS using Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) techniques; and

a remote, ground-based flight controller for maneuvering the UAS during the survey mission for collision avoidance and operational assistance.

8. The system recited in claim 1 wherein the topographical site is selected from the group consisting of a golf course, a sports turf course, and an athletic field.

9. The system recited in claim 1 wherein the Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) is selected from the group consisting of a fixed wing drone and a rotary wing drone.

10. The system recited in claim 1 wherein the memory card is a Secure Digital (SD) card.

11. A system for performing an aerial hydrological-assay of a selected topographical site which comprises:

a means for flying an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) on a survey mission over the selected topographical site in accordance with a predetermined flight plan;

an imaging unit for generating image data during the survey mission for a surface area of the topographical site, wherein the imaging unit is mounted on the UAS and includes a memory card for recording and storing the image data collected during the survey mission and wherein the imaging unit includes a first camera for collecting visible Red-Green-Blue (RGB) images, and a second camera for collecting Near Infrared (NIR) images, wherein the RGB images and the NIR images are combined and engineered to create Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images for the image data;

at least one soil moisture sensor for collecting moisture data from the surface area wherein the moisture sensor is selectively positioned at locations within the topographical site to collect and record moisture data for the surface area; and

a means for creating an assay report, wherein the creating means uses the image data from the memory card and the moisture data to describe hydrological conditions on the surface area of the topographical site, and wherein the assay report is used to establish a long-term, water conservation program for the topographical site.

12. The system recited in claim 11 wherein the means for flying the UAS comprises:

an autopilot mounted onboard the UAS, wherein the predetermined flight plan is downloaded into the autopilot to control the UAS using Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) techniques; and

a remote, ground-based flight controller for maneuvering the UAS during the survey mission for collision avoidance and operational assistance.

13. The system recited in claim 11 wherein the means for creating an assay report comprises a computer for combining the image data from the memory card with the moisture data from the soil moisture sensor to create an assay report including hydrological conditions on the surface area of the topographical site, wherein the assay report is used to establish a long-term, water conservation program for the topographical site.

14. The system recited in claim 11 wherein the assay report includes a composite of the NDVI images, wherein the composite is presented as a plan view of the topographical site, and wherein the plan view image is engineered to identify portions of the surface area containing excess water.

15. A method for performing an aerial hydrological-assay of a selected topographical site for use in implementing a water conservation program which comprises the steps of:

using a soil moisture sensor at locations on a surface area within the topographical site to collect moisture data;

providing an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) for flying a survey mission in accordance with a predetermined flight plan, within a specified flight envelope;

mounting an imaging unit on the UAS for imaging a surface area of the topographical site;

connecting a memory card to the imaging unit for recording and storing images collected by the imaging unit during the survey mission;

flying the UAS over the selected topographical site to perform the survey mission;

generating image data for the topographical site during the survey mission, wherein the image data includes a photographic image of the surface area taken by the imaging unit and stored on the memory card;

disconnecting the memory card from the imaging unit;

downloading the image data from the memory card and the moisture data onto a computer, wherein the computer creates an assay report of hydrological conditions on the surface area of the topographical site;

printing the assay report for use in establishing a long-term, water conservation program for the topographical site;

collecting visible Red-Green-Blue (RGB) images and Near Infrared (NIR) images using the imaging unit;

combining the RGB images and the NIR images to create Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images, wherein the NDVI images include soil moisture percentage readings for the image data;

presenting a composite of the NDVI images as a plan view of the topographical site; and

engineering the plan view image of the topographical site to identify portions of the surface area containing excess water.

16. The method recited in claim 15 further comprising the steps of:

providing an irrigation control system;

dividing the topographical site into a plurality of irrigation stations, wherein the irrigation stations are individually and collectively operated by the irrigation control system; and

operating the irrigation control system in accordance with the assay report to implement the water conservation plan.